[LTP] [PATCH v3 4/8] fs/acl: Add default ACL inheritance test

[Sachin Sant]

Add acl_inherit01 test to validate default ACL inheritance from
parent directory to newly created files.

The test verifies that:
- Default ACLs set on a directory are inherited by new files
- New file permissions reflect the default ACL entries
- File created with umask 0 gets permissions from default ACL

This test sets default ACL with read-only permissions (r--r--r--)
on the parent directory, creates a new file with umask 0, and
verifies the file has 0444 permissions inherited from the default ACL.

Signed-off-by: Sachin Sant <sachinp@linux.ibm.com>
---
V3 changes:
- Remove unused acl_get_file() block
- keep mode-bit validation with explanatory comment
- v2 link https://lore.kernel.org/ltp/20260603065744.47106-1-sachinp@linux.ibm.com/T/#t

V2 changes:
- Updated copyright header as per LTP format.
- v1 link https://lore.kernel.org/ltp/20260602121958.27494-1-sachinp@linux.ibm.com/T/#t

V1 changes:
- Use HAVE_LIBACL guards in .c code
- Report TCONF when libacl is not available
- rfc link https://lore.kernel.org/ltp/477836fd-80c8-4168-bfe6-00b374bb2534@linux.ibm.com/T/#t

---
 runtest/fs                              |   1 +
 testcases/kernel/fs/acl/.gitignore      |   1 +
 testcases/kernel/fs/acl/acl_inherit01.c | 116 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 118 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 testcases/kernel/fs/acl/acl_inherit01.c

diff --git a/runtest/fs b/runtest/fs
index f25487a33..fd295edc7 100644
--- a/runtest/fs
+++ b/runtest/fs
@@ -92,3 +92,4 @@ squashfs01 squashfs01
 acl_user_obj01 acl_user_obj01
 acl_mask01 acl_mask01
 acl_other01 acl_other01
+acl_inherit01 acl_inherit01
diff --git a/testcases/kernel/fs/acl/.gitignore b/testcases/kernel/fs/acl/.gitignore
index c3ec0fad3..bc03ba1fd 100644
--- a/testcases/kernel/fs/acl/.gitignore
+++ b/testcases/kernel/fs/acl/.gitignore
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 /acl_user_obj01
 /acl_mask01
 /acl_other01
+/acl_inherit01
diff --git a/testcases/kernel/fs/acl/acl_inherit01.c b/testcases/kernel/fs/acl/acl_inherit01.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eabfc4bd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/testcases/kernel/fs/acl/acl_inherit01.c
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 IBM
+ *
+ * Original shell test by Kai Zhao (ltcd3@cn.ibm.com)
+ * Converted to C by Sachin Sant <sachinp@linux.ibm.com>
+ */
+
+/*\
+ * Test default ACL inheritance.
+ *
+ * Verify that files created in a directory with default ACLs inherit
+ * those ACLs as their access ACLs. Default ACLs are only applicable
+ * to directories and define the access ACLs that files and subdirectories
+ * created within that directory will inherit.
+ *
+ * [Algorithm]
+ *
+ * 1. Set default ACL on parent directory with read-only permissions
+ * 2. Create a new file in that directory with umask 0
+ * 3. Verify the file inherits the default ACL as its access ACL
+ * 4. Check that file permissions match the inherited ACL (0444)
+ */
+
+#include "acl_lib.h"
+
+uid_t user1_uid, user2_uid, user3_uid;
+gid_t user1_gid, user2_gid, user3_gid;
+int users_created = 0;
+
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBACL
+
+static void run(void)
+{
+	acl_t acl;
+	struct stat st;
+	int err;
+
+	tst_res(TINFO, "Testing default ACL inheritance");
+	reset_test_path();
+
+	acl = acl_init(3);
+	if (!acl)
+		tst_brk(TBROK | TERRNO, "acl_init failed");
+
+	add_acl_entry(acl, ACL_USER_OBJ, ACL_READ);
+	add_acl_entry(acl, ACL_GROUP_OBJ, ACL_READ);
+	add_acl_entry(acl, ACL_OTHER, ACL_READ);
+
+	set_acl_file(TESTDIR, ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT, acl);
+	safe_acl_free(acl);
+
+	err = create_with_umask_as(user1_uid, user1_gid, 0666, 0);
+	if (err) {
+		errno = err;
+		tst_res(TFAIL | TERRNO, "Failed to create test file");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	SAFE_STAT(TESTFILE, &st);
+
+	/*
+	 * For a minimal ACL (containing only ACL_USER_OBJ, ACL_GROUP_OBJ,
+	 * and ACL_OTHER), the mode bits are the canonical representation.
+	 * Verifying the mode bits confirms the inherited ACL was applied.
+	 */
+	if ((st.st_mode & 0777) != 0444) {
+		tst_res(TFAIL,
+			"File permissions 0%o, expected 0444 from default ACL",
+			st.st_mode & 0777);
+		cleanup_testfile();
+		return;
+	}
+
+	cleanup_testfile();
+	tst_res(TPASS, "Default ACL inheritance works correctly");
+}
+
+static void setup(void)
+{
+	init_test_users();
+	reset_test_path();
+}
+
+static void cleanup(void)
+{
+	cleanup_test_paths();
+	cleanup_test_users();
+}
+
+static struct tst_test test = {
+	.test_all = run,
+	.setup = setup,
+	.cleanup = cleanup,
+	.needs_root = 1,
+	.mount_device = 1,
+	.mntpoint = MNTPOINT,
+	.forks_child = 1,
+	.filesystems = (struct tst_fs[]) {
+		{.type = "ext2", .mnt_data = "acl"},
+		{.type = "ext3", .mnt_data = "acl"},
+		{.type = "ext4", .mnt_data = "acl"},
+		{.type = "xfs"},
+		{.type = "btrfs"},
+		{}
+	},
+	.needs_cmds = (struct tst_cmd[]) {
+		{.cmd = "useradd"},
+		{.cmd = "userdel"},
+		{}
+	}
+};
+
+#else
+TST_TEST_TCONF("libacl or ACL headers are not available");
+#endif
-- 
2.39.1