Richiesta revisione Debian Reference - parte 1

Dom 30 Maggio 2010 13:00:59 CEST

Salve,

non ho trovato volontari nella lista debian-italian.

Il documento Ãš lunghetto. Sto lavorando ad una revisione
dell'originale. Intanto ho tradotto il tutto anche se manca una
rilettura totale... per non tenere il lavoro bloccato, invio intanto una
prima parte della traduzione... sono 12 capitoli in tutto, questi sono la
prefazione ed il primo capitolo.

Il documento Ãš in formato .pot quindi la revisione dovrebbe essere anche
più agile.

So che Ãš un sacco di roba... grazie mille a chiunque vorrÃ  darci un'occhiata.

Buona domenica a tutti,
beatrice.

# Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the debian-reference .
# Beatrice Torracca <beatricet@libero.it>, 2010.
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: debian-reference\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: debian-l10n-italian@lists.debian.org\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-05-25 22:49+0900\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-05-25 18:58+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Beatrice Torracca <beatricet@libero.it>\n"
"Language-Team: it <Italian debian-l10n-italian@lists.debian.org>\n"
"Language: it\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
"X-Generator: Virtaal 0.5.2\n"

===salto diverse centinaia di messaggi contenenti la definizione di
entità contenenti URL

#. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <book>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:786
msgid "en"
msgstr "it"

#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:788
msgid "Debian Reference"
msgstr "Debian Reference"

#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:789
msgid ""
"<author> <firstname>Osamu</firstname> <surname>Aoki</surname> </author> "
"<authorinitials>OA</authorinitials>"
msgstr ""
"<author> <firstname>Osamu</firstname> <surname>Aoki</surname> </author> "
"<authorinitials>OA</authorinitials>"

#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:795
msgid ""
"This book is free; you may redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms "
"of the GNU General Public License of any version compliant to the Debian "
"Free Software Guidelines (DFSG)."
msgstr ""
"Questo testo Ãš libero; lo si puÃ² ridistribuire e/o modificare nei termini "
"della GNU General Public License in qualsiasi versione aderente alle Linee "
"guida Debian per il Software Libero (DFSG)."

#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:797
msgid "<copyright> <year>2007-2009</year> <holder>Osamu Aoki</holder> </copyright>"
msgstr ""
"<copyright> <year>2007-2009</year> <holder>Osamu Aoki</holder> </copyright>"

#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:802
msgid ""
"This Debian Reference (v2) (&build-date;) is intended to provide a broad "
"overview of the Debian system as a post-installation user's guide. It covers "
"many aspects of system administration through shell-command examples for "
"non-developers."
msgstr ""
"Questa guida di riferimento Debian, Debian Reference (v2) (&build-date;) Ãš "
"pensata per fornire un'ampia panoramica del sistema Debian in qualità di "
"guida post-installazione per l'utente. Copre molti aspetti "
"dell'amministrazione di sistema attraverso esempi di uso di comandi di "
"shell, pensati per chi non Ãš sviluppatore."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:806
msgid "Preface"
msgstr "Prefazione"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:807
msgid ""
"This <ulink url=\"&debianreferenceversionc;\">Debian Reference (version "
"2)</ulink> (&build-date;) is intended to provide a broad overview of Debian "
"system administration as a post-installation user guide."
msgstr ""
"Questa guida di riferimento <ulink url=\"&debianreferenceversionc;\">Debian "
"Reference (versione 2)</ulink> (&build-date;) Ãš pensata per fornire un'ampia "
"panoramica dell'amministrazione di un sistema Debian in qualità di guida "
"post-installazione per l'utente."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:808
msgid ""
"The target reader is someone who is willing to learn shell scripts but who "
"is not ready to read all the C sources to figure out how the <ulink "
"url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>/<ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink> system works."
msgstr ""
"Si rivolge ad un lettore che abbia voglia di imparare gli script di shell, "
"ma che non Ãš pronto a leggere tutti i sorgenti C per scoprire come funzioni "
"il sistema <ulink url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>/<ulink "
"url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink>."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:810
msgid "Disclaimer"
msgstr "Note legali"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:811
msgid ""
"All warranties are disclaimed.  All trademarks are property of their "
"respective trademark owners."
msgstr ""
"Non viene fornita alcuna garanzia. Tutti i marchi registrati appartengono ai "
"rispettivi proprietari. "

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:812
msgid ""
"The Debian system itself is a moving target.  This makes its documentation "
"difficult to be current and correct.  Although the current unstable version "
"of Debian system was used as the basis for writing this, some contents may "
"be already outdated by the time you read this."
msgstr ""
"Il sistema Debian Ãš, di per sÃ©, un'entitÃ  in continuo movimento; ciÃ² rende "
"difficile alla sua documentazione essere aggiornata e corretta. Sebbene come "
"base per questo testo sia stata usata la versione \"unstable\" al momento "
"della sua stesura, alcuni contenuti potrebbero essere obsoleti al momento "
"della sua lettura."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:813
msgid ""
"Please treat this document as the secondary reference. This document does "
"not replace any authoritative guides. The author and contributors do not "
"take responsibility for consequences of errors, omissions or ambiguity in "
"this document."
msgstr ""
"Si consideri questo documento come un riferimento secondario. Esso non "
"sostituisce nessuna guida autorevole. L'autore e i collaboratori non si "
"assumono responsabilità per le conseguenze di errori, omissioni o ambiguità "
"presenti in questo documento."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:816
msgid "What is Debian"
msgstr "Cosa Ãš Debian"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:817
msgid ""
"The <ulink url=\"&debianproject;\">Debian Project</ulink> is an association "
"of individuals who have made common cause to create a free operating "
"system.  It's distribution is characterized by the following."
msgstr ""
"Il <ulink url=\"&debianproject;\">Progetto Debian</ulink> Ãš un'associazione di "
"individui che hanno fatto causa comune per creare un sistema operativo "
"libero. La sua distribuzione Ãš caratterizzata dai seguenti aspetti."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:821
msgid ""
"Commitment to the software freedom: <ulink "
"url=\"&debiansocialcontreguidelinesdfsg;\">Debian Social Contract and Debian "
"Free Software Guidelines (DFSG)</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"Impegno per la libertà del software: <ulink "
"url=\"&debiansocialcontreguidelinesdfsg;\">Il Contratto sociale Debian e le "
"Linee Guida Debian per il Software Libero (DFSG).</ulink>"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:826
msgid ""
"Internet based distributed unpaid volunteer effort: <ulink "
"url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"Sforzo volontario non pagato, distribuito, basato su Internet <ulink "
"url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink>."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:831
msgid "Large number of pre-compiled high quality softwares"
msgstr "Vasto numero di software di alta qualità pre-compilati."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:836
msgid "Focus on stability and security with easy access to the security updates"
msgstr ""
"Attenzione alla stabilità e alla sicurezza, con facile accesso agli "
"aggiornamenti di sicurezza."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:841
msgid ""
"Focus on smooth upgrade to latest softwares with <literal>unstable</literal> "
"and <literal>testing</literal> archives"
msgstr ""
"Attenzione ad aggiornamenti senzi problemi alle più recenti versioni dei "
"software con gli archivi <literal>unstable</literal> e "
"<literal>testing</literal>."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:846
msgid "Large number of supported hardware architectures"
msgstr "Vasto numero di architetture hardware supportate."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:850
msgid ""
"Free Software pieces in Debian come from <ulink url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>, "
"<ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&bsd;\">BSD</ulink>, "
"<ulink url=\"&x;\">X</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&isc;\">ISC</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&apache;\">Apache</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&ghostscript;\">Ghostscript</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&commonunixprintingsystem;\">Common Unix Printing System </ulink>, "
"<ulink url=\"&samba;\">Samba</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink>, "
"<ulink url=\"&kde;\">KDE</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&mozilla;\">Mozilla</ulink>, "
"<ulink url=\"&openofficeorg;\">OpenOffice.org</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&vim;\">Vim</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&tex;\">TeX</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&latex;\">LaTeX</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&docbook;\">DocBook</ulink>, "
"<ulink url=\"&perl;\">Perl</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&python;\">Python</ulink>, "
"<ulink url=\"&tcl;\">Tcl</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&java;\">Java</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&ruby;\">Ruby</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&php;\">PHP</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&berkeleydb;\">Berkeley DB</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&mysql;\">MySQL</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&postgresql;\">PostgreSQL</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&exim;\">Exim</ulink>, "
"<ulink url=\"&postfix;\">Postfix</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&mutt;\">Mutt</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&freebsd;\">FreeBSD</ulink>, "
"<ulink url=\"&openbsd;\">OpenBSD</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&planj;\">Plan "
"9</ulink> and many more independent free software projects.  Debian "
"integrates this diversity of Free Software into one system."
msgstr ""
"I vari pezzi di Software Libero in Debian provengono da <ulink "
"url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&bsd;\">BSD</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&x;\">X</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&isc;\">ISC</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&apache;\">Apache</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&ghostscript;\">Ghostscript</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&commonunixprintingsystem;\">Common Unix Printing System </ulink>, "
"<ulink url=\"&samba;\">Samba</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink>, "
"<ulink url=\"&kde;\">KDE</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&mozilla;\">Mozilla</ulink>, "
"<ulink url=\"&openofficeorg;\">OpenOffice.org</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&vim;\">Vim</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&tex;\">TeX</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&latex;\">LaTeX</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&docbook;\">DocBook</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&perl;\">Perl</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&python;\">Python</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&tcl;\">Tcl</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&java;\">Java</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&ruby;\">Ruby</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&php;\">PHP</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&berkeleydb;\">Berkeley DB</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&mysql;\">MySQL</ulink>, "
"<ulink url=\"&postgresql;\">PostgreSQL</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&exim;\">Exim</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&postfix;\">Postfix</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&mutt;\">Mutt</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&freebsd;\">FreeBSD</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&openbsd;\">OpenBSD</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&planj;\">Plan 9</ulink> e molti "
"altri progetti software liberi indipendenti. Debian integra questa "
"diversità del Software Libero in un unico sistema."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:853
msgid "About this document"
msgstr "Informazioni su questo documento"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:855
msgid "Guiding rules"
msgstr "Linee guida"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:856
msgid "Following guiding rules are followed while compiling this document."
msgstr ""
"Nella stesura di questo documento sono state seguite le seguenti linee "
"guida."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:860
msgid ""
"Provide overview and skip corner cases. (<emphasis role=\"strong\">Big "
"Picture</emphasis>)"
msgstr ""
"Fornire una panoramica ed evitare casi particolari. (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">Vista d'insieme</emphasis>.)"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:865
msgid "Keep It Short and Simple. (<emphasis role=\"strong\">KISS</emphasis>)"
msgstr ""
"Mantenere il testo <emphasis role=\"strong\">conciso e semplice</emphasis>."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:870
msgid ""
"Do not reinvent the wheel. (Use pointers to <emphasis role=\"strong\">the "
"existing references</emphasis>)"
msgstr ""
"Non reinventare la ruota. (Usare rimandi alle <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">risorse esistenti</emphasis>.)"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:875
msgid ""
"Focus on non-GUI tools and consoles. (Use <emphasis role=\"strong\">shell "
"examples</emphasis>)"
msgstr ""
"Concentrarsi sugli strumenti senza interfaccia utente grafica e sulla "
"console. (Usare <emphasis role=\"strong\">esempi shell</emphasis>.)"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:880
msgid "Be objective. (Use <ulink url=\"&popcon;\">popcon</ulink> etc.)"
msgstr "Essere obiettivi. (Usare <ulink url=\"&popcon;\">popcon</ulink>, ecc.)"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:885
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"I tried to elucidate hierarchical aspects and lower levels of the system."
msgstr ""
"Si Ãš cercato di spiegare aspetti gerarchici e i piÃ¹ bassi livelli di "
"funzionamento del sistema."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:889
msgid "Prerequisites"
msgstr "Prerequisiti"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><warning><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:891
msgid ""
"You are expected to make good efforts to seek answers by yourself beyond "
"this documentation.  This document only gives efficient starting points."
msgstr ""
"Il lettore deve fare lo sforzo di cercare risposte da solo andando oltre "
"questa documentazione. Questo documento fornisce solo degli efficaci punti "
"di partenza."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:893
msgid "You must seek solution by yourself from primary sources."
msgstr "Il lettore deve cercare le soluzioni da solo dalle fonti primarie."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:897
msgid ""
"The Debian site at <ulink "
"url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink> for the general "
"information"
msgstr ""
"Il sito Debian all'indirizzo <ulink "
"url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink> per le informazioni "
"generiche."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:902
msgid ""
"The documentation under the "
"\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/&lt;package_name&gt;</literal>\" directory"
msgstr ""
"La documentazione nella directory "
"\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/&lt;nome_pacchetto&gt;</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:907
msgid ""
"The Unix style <emphasis role=\"strong\">manpage</emphasis>: \"<literal>dpkg "
"-L &lt;package_name&gt; |grep '/man/man.*/'</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"La <emphasis role=\"strong\">pagina man</emphasis> in stile Unix: "
"\"<literal>dpkg -L &lt;nome_pacchetto&gt; |grep '/man/man.*/'</literal>\" ."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:912
msgid ""
"The GNU style <emphasis role=\"strong\">info page</emphasis>: "
"\"<literal>dpkg -L &lt;package_name&gt; |grep '/info/'</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"La <emphasis role=\"strong\">pagina info</emphasis> in stile GNU: "
"\"<literal>dpkg -L &lt;nome_pacchetto&gt; |grep '/info/'</literal>\" ."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:917
msgid ""
"The bug report: <ulink "
"url=\"&httpbugsdebianorgpackage_name;\">http://bugs.debian.org/&lt;package_name&gt;</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"Le segnalazioni di bug: <ulink url=\"&httpbugsdebianorgpackage_name;\">http://"
"bugs.debian.org/&lt;nome_pacchetto&gt;</ulink> ."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:922
msgid ""
"The Debian Wiki at <ulink "
"url=\"&httpwikidebianorg;\">http://wiki.debian.org/</ulink> for the moving "
"and specific topics"
msgstr ""
"Il Debian Wiki all'indirizzo <ulink "
"url=\"&httpwikidebianorg;\">http://wiki.debian.org/</ulink> per gli aspetti "
"mutevoli ed argomenti specifici."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:927
msgid ""
"The HOWTOs from The Linux Documentation Project (TLDP) at <ulink "
"url=\"&httptldporg;\">http://tldp.org/</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"Gli HOWTO del progetto di documentazione di Linux TLDP (The Linux "
"Documentation Project), all'indirizzo <ulink "
"url=\"&httptldporg;\">http://tldp.org/</ulink> ."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:932
msgid ""
"The Single UNIX Specification from the Open Group's The UNIX System Home "
"Page at <ulink url=\"&httpwwwunixorg;\">http://www.unix.org/</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"Le specifiche Single UNIX Specification dal sito web di The UNIX System di "
"Open Group, all'indirizzo <ulink "
"url=\"&httpwwwunixorg;\">http://www.unix.org/</ulink>."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:937
msgid ""
"The free encyclopedia from Wikipedia at <ulink "
"url=\"&httpwikipediaorg;\">http://wikipedia.org/</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"L'enciclopedia libera Wikipedia all'indirizzo <ulink "
"url=\"&httpwikipediaorg;\">http://wikipedia.org/</ulink> ."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:942
msgid ""
"For detailed documentation, you may need to install the corresponding "
"documentation package named with \"<literal>-doc</literal>\" as its suffix."
msgstr ""
"Per una documentazione dettagliata può essere necessario installare il "
"corrispondente pacchetto di documentazione il cui nome ha il suffisso "
"\"<literal>-doc</literal>\" ."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:946
msgid "Conventions"
msgstr "Convenzioni"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:947
msgid ""
"This document provides information through the following simplified "
"presentation style with <literal>bash</literal>(1) shell command examples."
msgstr ""
"Questo documento fornisce informazioni attraverso il seguente stile "
"semplificato di rappresentazione con esempidi comandi per la shell "
"<literal>bash</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:948
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"# &lt;command in root account&gt;\n"
"$ &lt;command in user account&gt;"
msgstr ""
"# &lt;comando nell'account root&gt;\n"
"$ &lt;comando nell'account utente&gt;"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:950
msgid ""
"These shell prompts distinguish account used and correspond to set "
"environment variables as: \"<literal>PS1='\\$'</literal>\" and "
"\"<literal>PS2=' '</literal>\".  These values are chosen for the sake of "
"readability of this document and are not typical on actual installed system."
msgstr ""
"Questi prompt di shell distinguono gli account usati e corrispondono a ciò "
"che si ottiene impostando le variabili d'ambiente in questo modo: "
"\"<literal>PS1='\\$'</literal>\" e \"<literal>PS2=' '</literal>\". Questi valori "
"sono stati scelti per aumentare la leggibilità del documento e non sono "
"quelli tipici di una reale installazione del sistema."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:952
msgid ""
"See the meaning of the \"<literal>$PS1</literal>\" and "
"\"<literal>$PS2</literal>\" environment variables in "
"<literal>bash</literal>(1)."
msgstr ""
"Si veda il significato delle variabili d'ambiente \"<literal>$PS1</literal>\" "
"e \"<literal>$PS2</literal>\" in <literal>bash</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:954
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Action</emphasis> required by the system "
"administrator is written in the imperative sentence, e.g. \"Type Enter-key "
"after typing each command string to the shell.\""
msgstr ""
"Le <emphasis role=\"strong\">azioni</emphasis> che gli amministratori di "
"sistema devono eseguire sono scritte all'infinito, ad esempio \"Premere il "
"tasto Invio dopo ogni stringa di comando digitata nella shell.\""

# dovevo scegliere tra "verbo all'infinito senza articolo con funzione di sintagma nominale" come nell'originale. o questa.
# descrizionecomando : o "muovere file" o "muove file". Ho scelto la seconda che mi sembra la forma usata di solito.
#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:955
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The <emphasis role=\"strong\">description</emphasis> column and similar ones "
"in the table may contain a <emphasis role=\"strong\">noun phrase</emphasis> "
"following <ulink url=\"&thepackageshortdiptionconvention;\">the package short "
"description convention</ulink> which drops leading articles such as \"a\" and "
"\"the\".  They may alternatively contain an infinitive phrase as a <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">noun phrase</emphasis> without leading \"to\" following the "
"short command description convention in manpages.  These may look funny to "
"some people but are my intentional choices of style to keep this "
"documentation as simple as possible.  These <emphasis role=\"strong\">Noun "
"phrases</emphasis> do not capitalize their starting nor end with periods "
"following these short description convention."
msgstr ""
"La colonna <emphasis role=\"strong\">descrizione</emphasis> ed altre simili in "
"tabelle possono contenere un <emphasis role=\"strong\">sintagma "
"nominale</emphasis> che segue le <ulink "
"url=\"&thepackageshortdiptionconvention;\">convenzioni per le descrizioni "
"brevi dei pacchetti</ulink> e che perde l'articolo iniziale quali \"un\" ed "
"\"il\". Le colonne possono, in alternativa, contenere una verbo al presente "
"seguendo la convenzione usata nella descrizione breve dei comandi nelle a\n"
"pagine man. Questa scelta potrà apparire strana per qualcuno, ma fa parte "
"della scelta deliberata dell'autore di mantenere più semplice possibile lo "
"stile di questa documentazione. In entrambi i casi l'iniziale non Ãš "
"maiuscola e manca il punto finale seguendo le dette convenzioni per le "
"descrizioni brevi."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:957
msgid ""
"Proper nouns including command names keeps their case irrespective of their "
"location."
msgstr ""
"I nomi propri, inclusi i nomi dei comandi mantengono la corretta iniziale "
"maiuscola/minuscola indipendentemente dalla loro posizione."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:959
msgid ""
"A <emphasis role=\"strong\">command snippet</emphasis> quoted in a text "
"paragraph is referred by the typewriter font between double quotation marks, "
"such as \"<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Un <emphasis role=\"strong\">breve comando</emphasis> citato all'interno di un "
"paragrafo di testo viene reso dal carattere a spaziatura fissa racchiuso "
"tra virgolette doppie come in \"<literal>aptitude safe-upgrade</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:960
msgid ""
"A <emphasis role=\"strong\">text data</emphasis> from a configuration file "
"quoted in a text paragraph is referred by the typewriter font between double "
"quotation marks, such as \"<literal>deb-src</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dati testuali</emphasis> da un file di "
"configurazione citati all'interno di un paragrafo di testo vengono resi ‪dal "
"carattere a spaziatura fissa racchiuso tra virgolette doppie come in "
"\"<literal>deb-src</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:961
msgid ""
"A <emphasis role=\"strong\">command</emphasis> is referred by its name in "
"the typewriter font optionally followed by its manpage section number in "
"parenthesis, such as <literal>bash</literal>(1).  You are encouraged to "
"obtain information by typing the following."
msgstr ""
"Un <emphasis role=\"strong\">comando</emphasis> viene reso dall'uso del "
"carattere a spaziatura fissa per il suo nome, seguito opzionalmente dalla "
"numero di sezione della sua pagina man tra parentesi, come in "
"<literal>bash</literal>(1). Ci si senta incoraggiati ad ottenere ulteriori "
"informazioni digitando quanto segue."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:962
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ man 1 bash"
msgstr "$ man 1 bash"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:963
msgid ""
"A <emphasis role=\"strong\">manpage</emphasis> is referred by its name in "
"the typewriter font followed by its manpage section number in parenthesis, "
"such as <literal>sources.list</literal>(5).  You are encouraged to obtain "
"information by typing the following."
msgstr ""
"Una <emphasis role=\"strong\">pagina man</emphasis> viene resa dall'uso del "
"carattere a spaziatura fissa per il suo nome seguito dal numero della sua "
"sezione nelle pagine man racchiuso tra parentesi, come in "
"<literal>sources.list</literal>(5). Ci si senta incoraggiati ad ottenere "
"ulteriori informazioni digitando quanto segue."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:964
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ man 5 sources.list"
msgstr "$ man 5 sources.list"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:965
msgid ""
"An <emphasis role=\"strong\">info page</emphasis> is referred by its command "
"snippet in the typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as "
"\"<literal>info make</literal>\".  You are encouraged to obtain information "
"by typing the following."
msgstr ""
"Una <emphasis role=\"strong\">pagina info</emphasis> viene resa dal suo "
"comando corrispondente in carattere a spaziatura fissa racchiuso tra "
"virgolette doppie, come in \"<literal>info make</literal>\". Ci si senta "
"incoraggiati ad ottenere ulteriori informazioni digitando quanto segue."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:966
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ info make"
msgstr "$ info make"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:967
msgid ""
"A <emphasis role=\"strong\">filename</emphasis> is referred by the "
"typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as "
"\"<literal>/etc/passwd</literal>\".  For configuration files, you are "
"encouraged to obtain information by typing the following."
msgstr ""
"Un <emphasis role=\"strong\">nome di file</emphasis> viene reso dal carattere "
"a spaziatura fissa tra virgolette doppie, come in "
"\"<literal>/etc/passwd</literal>\". Per quanto riguarda i file di "
"configurazione ci si senta incoraggiati ad ottenere ulteriori informazioni "
"digitando quanto segue."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:968
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ sensible-pager \"/etc/passwd\""
msgstr "$ sensible-pager \"/etc/passwd\""

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:969
msgid ""
"A <emphasis role=\"strong\">directory name</emphasis> is referred by the "
"typewriter font between double quotation marks, such as "
"\"<literal>/etc/init.d/</literal>\".  You are encouraged to explore its "
"contents by typing the following."
msgstr ""
"Un <emphasis role=\"strong\">nome di directory</emphasis> viene reso dal "
"carattere a spaziatura fissa tra virgolette doppie, come in "
"\"<literal>/etc/init.d</literal>\". Ci si senta incoraggiati ad esplorare il "
"suo contenuto digitando quanto segue."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:970
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ mc \"/etc/init.d/\""
msgstr "$ mc \"/etc/init.d/\""

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:971
msgid ""
"A <emphasis role=\"strong\">package name</emphasis> is referred by its name "
"in the typewriter font, such as <literal>vim</literal>.  You are encouraged "
"to obtain information by typing the following."
msgstr ""
"Un <emphasis role=\"strong\">nome di pacchetto</emphasis> viene reso dal "
"carattere a spaziatura fissa, come in <literal>vim</literal>. Ci si senta "
"incoraggiati ad ottenere ulteriori informazioni digitando quanto segue."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:972
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ dpkg -L vim\n"
"$ apt-cache show vim\n"
"$ aptitude show vim"
msgstr ""
"$ dpkg -L vim\n"
"$ apt-cache show vim\n"
"$ aptitude show vim"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:975
msgid ""
"A <emphasis role=\"strong\">documentation</emphasis> may indicate its "
"location by the filename in the typewriter font between double quotation "
"marks, such as "
"\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/sysv-rc/README.runlevels.gz</literal>\" and "
"\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html</literal>\"; or "
"by its <ulink url=\"&url;\">URL</ulink>, such as <ulink "
"url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink>.  You are "
"encouraged to read the documentation by typing the following."
msgstr ""
"La posizione di una <emphasis role=\"strong\">documentazione</emphasis> può "
"essere indicata con il nome di file in carattere a spaziatura fissa tra "
"virgolette doppie, come in \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/sysv-"
"rc/README.runlevels.gz</literal>\" e \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/base-passwd"
"/users-and-groups.html</literal>\", oppure dal suo <ulink "
"url=\"&url;\">URL</ulink>, come in <ulink "
"url=\"&httpwwwdebianorg;\">http://www.debian.org</ulink>. Ci si senta "
"incoraggiati a leggere la documentazione digitando quanto segue."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:976
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ zcat \"/usr/share/doc/sysv-rc/README.runlevels.gz\" | sensible-pager\n"
"$ sensible-browser \"/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html\"\n"
"$ sensible-browse \"http://www.debian.org\""
msgstr ""
"$ zcat \"/usr/share/doc/sysv-rc/README.runlevels.gz\" | sensible-pager\n"
"$ sensible-browser \"/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html\"\n"
"$ sensible-browse \"http://www.debian.org\""

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:979
msgid ""
"An <emphasis role=\"strong\">environment variable</emphasis> is referred by "
"its name with leading \"<literal>$</literal>\" in the typewriter font "
"between double quotation marks, such as \"<literal>$TERM</literal>\".  You "
"are encouraged to obtain its current value by typing the following."
msgstr ""
"Una <emphasis role=\"strong\">variabile d'ambiente</emphasis> viene resa dal "
"suo nome preceduto dal segno \"<literal>$</literal>\" in carattere a "
"spaziatura fissa tra virgolette doppie, come in \"<literal>$TERM</literal>\". "
"Ci si senta incoraggiati ad ottenere il suo valore attuale digitando quanto "
"segue."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:980
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ echo \"$TERM\""
msgstr "$ echo \"$TERM\""

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:983
msgid "Debian BTS"
msgstr "BTS Debian"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:984
msgid ""
"Astarisk \"*\" placed right after each package name is linked to <ulink "
"url=\"&debianbugtrackingsystembts;\">Debian bug tracking system "
"(BTS)</ulink> of each package."
msgstr ""
"Un asterisco \"*\" posto immediatamente dopo il nome di ogni pacchetto rimanda "
"ad un collegamento alla pagina del <ulink "
"url=\"&debianbugtrackingsystembts;\">Sistema Debian di tracciamento dei bug "
"(BTS)</ulink> per il pacchetto."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:987
msgid "The popcon"
msgstr "Popcon"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:988
msgid ""
"The <ulink url=\"&popcon;\">popcon</ulink> data is presented as the "
"objective measure for the popularity of each package.  It was downloaded on "
"&pop-date; and contains the total submission of &pop-submissions; reports "
"over &pop-packages; binary packages and &pop-architectures; architectures."
msgstr ""
"I dati da <ulink url=\"&popcon;\">popcon</ulink> sono usati come misura "
"oggettiva della popolarità di ciascun pacchetto. Sono stati scaricati il "
"&pop-date; e contengono i dati totali inviati da &pop-submissions; rapporti "
"su &pop-packages; pacchetti binari e &pop-architectures; architetture."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:990
msgid ""
"Please note that the <literal>&arch;</literal> <literal>unstable</literal> "
"archive contains only &all-packages; packages currently.  The popcon data "
"contains reports from many old system installations."
msgstr ""
"Notare che l'archivio <literal>&arch;</literal> <literal>unstable</literal> "
"contiene attualmente solo &all-packages; pacchetti. I dati di popcon "
"contengono rapporti inviati da molte installazioni su sistemi vecchi."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:992
msgid ""
"The popcon number preceded with \"V:\" for \"votes\" is calculated by \"100 "
"* (the popcon submissions for the package executed recently on the PC)/(the "
"total popcon submissions)\"."
msgstr ""
"Il numero popcon, preceduto da \"V:\" che sta per \"voti\", Ãš calcolato cosÃ¬: "
"\"100 * (rapporti popcon inviati con il pacchetto eseguito di recente sul "
"PC)/(numero totale di rapporti popcon inviati)\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:993
msgid ""
"The popcon number preceded with \"I:\" for \"installs\" is calculated by "
"\"100 * (the popcon submissions for the package installed on the PC)/(the "
"total popcon submissions)\"."
msgstr ""
"Il numero popcon, preceduto da \"I:\" che sta per \"installazioni\", Ãš calcolato "
"così: \"100 * (rapporti popcon inviati con il pacchetto installato sul "
"PC)/(numero totale di rapporti popcon inviati)\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:995
msgid ""
"The popcon figures should not be considered as absolute measures of the "
"importance of packages.  There are many factors which can skew statistics.  "
"For example, some system participating popcon may have mounted directories "
"such as \"<literal>/bin</literal>\" with \"<literal>noatime</literal>\" "
"option for system performance improvement and effectively disabled \"vote\" "
"from such system."
msgstr ""
"I numeri popcon non dovrebbero essere considerati una misura assoluta "
"dell'importanza dei pacchetti. Ci sono molti fattori che possono influenzare "
"le statistiche. Per esempio, alcuni sistemi che partecipano a popcon "
"possono avere montato directory quali \"<literal>/bin</literal>\" con "
"l'opzione \"<literal>noatime</literal>\" per migliorare le prestazioni di "
"sistema, influenzando di fatto negativamente i \"voti\" per quel sistema."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:999
msgid "The package size"
msgstr "La dimensione dei pacchetti"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1000
msgid ""
"The package size data is also presented as the objective measure for each "
"package.  It is based on the \"<literal>Installed-Size:</literal>\" reported "
"by \"<literal>apt-cache show</literal>\" or \"<literal>aptitude "
"show</literal>\" command (currently on <literal>&arch;</literal> "
"architecture for the <literal>unstable</literal> release).  The reported "
"size is in KiB (<ulink url=\"&kibibyte;\">Kibibyte</ulink> = unit for 1024 "
"bytes)."
msgstr ""
"Anche i dati sulla dimensione dei pacchetti sono usati come misura oggettiva "
"per ciascun pacchetto. Sono basati sulla \"<literal>Installed-"
"Size:</literal>\" riportata dal comando \"<literal>apt-cache show</literal>\" o "
"\"<literal>aptitude show</literal>\" (attualmente sull'architettura "
"<literal>&arch;</literal> per la versione <literal>unstable</literal>). La "
"dimensione Ãš riportata in KiB (<ulink url=\"&kibibyte;\">Kibibyte</ulink> = "
"unità di 1024 byte)."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1002
msgid ""
"A package with a small numerical package size may indicate that the package "
"in the <literal>unstable</literal> release is a dummy package which installs "
"other packages with significant contents by the dependency.  The dummy "
"package enables a smooth transition or split of the package."
msgstr ""
"Una piccola dimensione per un pacchetto puÃ² indicare che esso Ãš, nella "
"versione <literal>unstable</literal> un pacchetto fittizio che installa, "
"attraverso le dipendenze, altri pacchetti con contenuti sostanziosi. Il "
"pacchetto fittizio permette una transizione facile o una suddivisione di "
"pacchetto."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1005
msgid ""
"A package size followed by \"(*)\" indicates that the package in the "
"<literal>unstable</literal> release is missing and the package size for the "
"<literal>experimental</literal> release is used instead."
msgstr ""
"Una dimensione di pacchetto seguita da \"(*)\" indica che il pacchetto non Ãš "
"presente nella versione <literal>unstable</literal> ed Ãš stata quindi usata "
"la dimensione del pacchetto in <literal>experimental</literal> al suo posto."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1009
msgid "Bug reports on this document"
msgstr "Segnalazioni di bug in questo documento"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1010
msgid ""
"Please file bug reports on the <literal>debian-reference</literal> package "
"using <literal>reportbug</literal>(1) if you find any issues on this "
"document. Please include correction suggestion by \"<literal>diff "
"-u</literal>\" to the plain text version or to the source."
msgstr ""
"Se si trovano errori in questo documento segnalare i bug nel pacchetto "
"<literal>debian-reference</literal> usando <literal>reportbug</literal>(1). "
"Se possibile, includere i suggerimenti di correzione come \"<literal>diff "
"-u</literal> alla versione in puro testo o ai sorgenti."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1014
msgid "Some quotes for new users"
msgstr "Alcune citazioni per i nuovi utenti"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1015
msgid ""
"Here are some interesting quotes from the Debian mailing list which may help "
"enlighten new users."
msgstr ""
"Ecco alcune interessanti citazioni dalla mailing list di Debian che "
"potrebbero illuminare i nuovi utenti."

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1019
msgid ""
"\"This is Unix.  It gives you enough rope to hang yourself.\" --- Miquel van "
"Smoorenburg <literal>&lt;miquels at cistron.nl&gt;</literal>"
msgstr ""
"\"Questo Ãš Unix. Ti dÃ  abbastanza corda da impiccarti.\" --- Miquel van "
"Smoorenburg <literal>&lt;miquels at cistron.nl&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><preface><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1024
msgid ""
"\"Unix IS user friendlyâ€Š It's just selective about who its friends are.\" "
"--- Tollef Fog Heen <literal>&lt;tollef at add.no&gt;</literal>"
msgstr ""
"\"Unix Ãˆ amichevole... Ãš solo molto selettivo riguardo i suoi amici.\" --- "
"Tollef Fog Heen <literal>&lt;tollef at add.no&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1031
msgid "GNU/Linux tutorials"
msgstr "Tutorial GNU/Linux"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1032
msgid ""
"I think learning a computer system is like learning a new foreign language.  "
"Although tutorial books and documentation are helpful, you have to practice "
"it yourself.  In order to help you get started smoothly, I elaborate a few "
"basic points."
msgstr ""
"Penso che imparare un sistema informatico sia come imparare una lingua "
"straniera. Anche se le guide e la documentazione sono utili, si deve fare "
"pratica diretta. Per aiutare il lettore a iniziare dolcemente, ho elaborato "
"alcuni punti base."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1033
msgid ""
"The powerful design of <ulink url=\"&debian;\">Debian</ulink> <ulink "
"url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>/<ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink> comes from "
"the <ulink url=\"&unix;\">Unix</ulink> operating system, i.e., a <ulink "
"url=\"&multiuser;\">multiuser</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&multitasking;\">multitasking</ulink> operating system.  You must "
"learn to take advantage of the power of these features and similarities "
"between Unix and GNU/Linux."
msgstr ""
"Il potente design di <ulink url=\"&debian;\">Debian</ulink> <ulink "
"url=\"&gnu;\">GNU</ulink>/<ulink url=\"&linux;\">Linux</ulink> deriva dal "
"sistema operativo <ulink url=\"&unix;\">Unix</ulink>, cioÃš un sistema "
"operativo <ulink url=\"&multiuser;\">multiutente</ulink> e <ulink "
"url=\"&multitasking;\">multitasking</ulink>. Bisogna imparare a sfruttare la "
"potenza di queste caratteristiche e le somiglianze tra Unix e GNU/Linux."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1034
msgid ""
"Don't shy away from Unix oriented texts and don't rely solely on GNU/Linux "
"texts, as this robs you of much useful information."
msgstr ""
"Non bisogna scappare dai testi pensati per Unix e affidarsi solamente a "
"testi su GNU/Linux dato che in questo modo ci si priva di molte informazioni "
"utili."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1035
msgid ""
"\"<ulink url=\"&ruteuserstutorialandexposition;\">Rute User's Tutorial and "
"Exposition</ulink>\", in the Debian non-free archive as the "
"<literal>rutebook</literal> package (popcon: &pop-rutebook;), provides a "
"good online resource to the generic system administration."
msgstr ""
"\"<ulink url=\"&ruteuserstutorialandexposition;\">Rute User's Tutorial and "
"Exposition</ulink>\", nel pacchetto<literal>rutebook</literal> (popcon: &pop-"
"rutebook;) negli archivi Debian non-free, fornisce una buona risorsa in rete "
"sull'amministrazione generale di un sistema."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1037
msgid ""
"If you have been using any <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix-like</ulink> "
"system for a while with command line tools, you probably know everything I "
"explain here.  Please use this as a reality check and refresher."
msgstr ""
"Se si Ãš usato tramite strumenti a riga di comando un sistema <ulink "
"url=\"&unixlike;\">*nix</ulink> per un certo tempo, probabilmente si sa già "
"tutto ciò che viene spiegato qui. Si usi questa sezione come un ripasso e "
"per consultazioni."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1040
msgid "Console basics"
msgstr "Nozioni di base sulla console"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1042
msgid "The shell prompt"
msgstr "Il prompt di shell"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1043
msgid ""
"Upon starting the system, you are presented with the character based login "
"screen if you did not install <ulink url=\"&xwindowsystem;\">X Window "
"System</ulink> with the display manager such as "
"<literal>gdm</literal>. Suppose your hostname is <literal>foo</literal>, the "
"login prompt looks as follows."
msgstr ""
"All'avvio del sistema, se non Ãš stato installato il <ulink "
"url=\"&xwindowsystem;\">Sistema X Window</ulink> con un display manager come "
"<literal>gdm</literal>, viene presentata la schermata di login a caratteri. "
"Supponiamo che il proprio nome host sia <literal>pippo</literal>, il prompt "
"di login apparirà come segue."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1044
#, no-wrap
msgid "foo login:"
msgstr "pippo login:"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1045
msgid ""
"If you did install a <ulink url=\"&gui;\">GUI</ulink> environment such as "
"<ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink> or <ulink url=\"&kde;\">KDE</ulink>, "
"then you can get to a login prompt by Ctrl-Alt-F1, and you can return to the "
"GUI environment via Alt-F7 (see <xref linkend=\"_virtual_consoles\"/> below "
"for more)."
msgstr ""
"Se Ãš stato installato un ambiente <ulink url=\"&gui;\">GUI</ulink> come <ulink "
"url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink> o <ulink url=\"&kde;\">KDE</ulink>, allora ci si "
"può spostare ad un prompt di login premendo Ctrl-Alt-F1 e si può ritornare "
"all'ambiente grafico con Alt-F7 (vedere <xref linkend=\"_virtual_consoles\"/> "
"in seguito per maggiori informazioni)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1046
msgid ""
"At the login prompt, you type your username, "
"e.g. <literal>penguin</literal>, and press the Enter-key, then type your "
"password and press the Enter-key again."
msgstr ""
"Al prompt di login digitare il proprio nome utente, ad esmpio "
"<literal>pinguino</literal> e premere il tasto Invio, poi digitare la "
"propria password e premere di nuovo Invio."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1048
msgid ""
"Following the Unix tradition, the username and password of the Debian system "
"are case sensitive.  The username is usually chosen only from the "
"lowercase.  The first user account is usually created during the "
"installation.  Additional user accounts can be created with "
"<literal>adduser</literal>(8) by root."
msgstr ""
"Nella tradizione Unix, il nome utente e la password di un sistema Debian "
"distinguono le lettere maiuscole dalle minuscole. Il nome utente di solito "
"viene scelto usando solo lettere minuscole. Il primo account utente viene "
"normalmente creato durante l'installazione. Account utente aggiuntivi "
"possono essere creati da root con <literal>adduser</literal>(8)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1050
msgid ""
"The system starts with the greeting message stored in "
"\"<literal>/etc/motd</literal>\" (Message Of The Day) and presents a command "
"prompt."
msgstr ""
"Il sistema si presenta con il messaggio di benvenuto memorizzato in "
"\"<literal>/etc/motd</literal>\" (Message Of The Day, messaggio del giorno) e "
"fornisce un prompt dei comandi."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1051
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"Debian GNU/Linux lenny/sid foo tty1\n"
"foo login: penguin\n"
"Password:\n"
"Last login: Sun Apr 22 09:29:34 2007 on tty1\n"
"Linux snoopy 2.6.20-1-amd64 #1 SMP Sun Apr 15 20:25:49 UTC 2007 x86_64\n"
"\n"
"The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;\n"
"the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the\n"
"individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.\n"
"\n"
"Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent\n"
"permitted by applicable law.\n"
"foo:~$"
msgstr ""
"Debian GNU/Linux lenny/sid foo tty1\n"
"pippo login: pinguino\n"
"Password:\n"
"Last login: Sun Apr 22 09:29:34 2007 on tty1\n"
"Linux snoopy 2.6.20-1-amd64 #1 SMP Sun Apr 15 20:25:49 UTC 2007 x86_64\n"
"\n"
"The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;\n"
"the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the\n"
"individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.\n"
"\n"
"Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent\n"
"permitted by applicable law.\n"
"pippo:~$"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1064
msgid ""
"Here, the main part of the greeting message can be customized by editing the "
"\"<literal>/etc/motd.tail</literal>\" file. The first line is generated from "
"the system information using \"<literal>uname -snrvm</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"La parte centrale del messaggio di benvenuto può essere personalizzata "
"modificando il file \"<literal>/etc/motd.tail</literal>\". La prima riga Ãš "
"generata a partire dalle informazioni sul sistema ottenute usando "
"\"<literal>uname -snrvm</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1065
msgid ""
"Now you are in the <ulink url=\"&shell;\">shell</ulink>. The shell "
"interprets your commands."
msgstr ""
"Si Ãš ora nella <ulink url=\"&shell;\">shell</ulink>. La shell interpreta i "
"comandi dell'utente."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1068
msgid "The shell prompt under X"
msgstr "Il prompt di shell in X"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1069
msgid ""
"If you installed <ulink url=\"&xwindowsystem;\">X Window System</ulink> with "
"a display manager such as <ulink url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink>'s "
"<literal>gdm</literal> by selecting \"Desktop environment\" task during the "
"installation, you are presented with the graphical login screen upon "
"starting your system.  You type your username and your password to login to "
"the non-privileged user account.  Use tab to navigate between username and "
"password, or use the mouse and primary click."
msgstr ""
"Se Ãš stato installato il <ulink url=\"&xwindowsystem;\">Sistema X "
"Window</ulink> con un display manager come <literal>gdm</literal> di <ulink "
"url=\"&gnome;\">GNOME</ulink>, selezionando l'attività \"Ambiente desktop\" "
"durante l'installazione, all'avvio del sistema viene presentata una "
"schermata grafica di login. Si inseriscono il nome utente e la password per "
"fare il login come utente non privilegiato. Usare il tasto Tab per spostarsi "
"dal campo del nome utente a quello della password e viceversa, oppure usare "
"il mouse e il clic principale."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1070
msgid ""
"You can gain the shell prompt under X by starting a "
"<literal>x-terminal-emulator</literal> program such as "
"<literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1), <literal>rxvt</literal>(1) or "
"<literal>xterm</literal>(1).  Under the GNOME Desktop environment, clicking "
"\"Applications\" → \"Accessories\" → \"Terminal\" does the trick."
msgstr ""
"Si può ottenere il prompt di shell sotto X avviando un programma "
"<literal>emulatore di terminale</literal> come <literal>gnome-"
"terminal</literal>(1), <literal>rxvt</literal>(1) o "
"<literal>xterm</literal>(1). Nell'ambiente desktop GNOME, cliccare su "
"\"Applicazioni\" → \"Accessori\" → \"Terminale\" ."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1071
msgid "You can also see the section below <xref linkend=\"_virtual_consoles\"/>."
msgstr ""
"Si può anche fare riferimento alla sezione <xref "
"linkend=\"_virtual_consoles\"/> in seguito."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1072
msgid ""
"Under some other Desktop systems (like <literal>fluxbox</literal>), there "
"may be no obvious starting point for the menu.  If this happens, just try "
"(right) clicking the center of the screen and hope for a menu to pop-up."
msgstr ""
"In altri sistemi Desktop (come <literal>fluxbox</literal>), potrebbe non "
"esserci un punto evidente per l'apertura del menu. Se si Ãš in questa "
"condizione, provare a fare clic, con il tasto destro, nel centro dello "
"schermo e sperare che appaia un menu."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1075
msgid "The root account"
msgstr "L'account root"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1076
msgid ""
"The root account is also called <ulink url=\"&superuser;\">superuser</ulink> "
"or privileged user.  From this account, you can perform the following system "
"administration tasks."
msgstr ""
"L'account root viene anche indicato come <ulink "
"url=\"&superuser;\">superutente</ulink> o utente privilegiato. Da questo "
"account si possono eseguire i seguenti compiti amministrativi."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1080
msgid ""
"Read, write, and remove any files on the system irrespective of their file "
"permissions"
msgstr ""
"Leggere, scrivere e cancellare qualsiasi file sul sistema indipendentemente "
"dai suoi permessi."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1085
msgid "Set file ownership and permissions of any files on the system"
msgstr "Impostare il proprietario e i permessi di qualunque file sul sistema."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1090
msgid "Set the password of any non-privileged users on the system"
msgstr "Impostare la password di qualsiasi utente non privilegiato nel sistema."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1095
msgid "Login to any accounts without their passwords"
msgstr "Fare il login in qualsiasi account senza la password."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1099
msgid ""
"This unlimited power of root account requires you to be considerate and "
"responsible when using it."
msgstr ""
"Questi poteri illimitati dell'account utente rendono necessario essere "
"prudenti e responsabili nel loro uso."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1101
msgid "Never share the root password with others."
msgstr "Non comunicare mai la password di root ad altri."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1104
msgid ""
"File permissions of a file (including hardware devices such as CD-ROM "
"etc. which are just another file for the Debian system) may render it "
"unusable or inaccessible by non-root users.  Although the use of root "
"account is a quick way to test this kind of situation, its resolution should "
"be done through proper setting of file permissions and user's group "
"membership (see <xref linkend=\"_filesystem_permissions\"/>)."
msgstr ""
"I permessi di un file (inclusi i device hardware come CD-ROM, ecc. che sono "
"nient'altro che un altro file per il sistema Debian) possono rendere il file "
"inutilizzabile o inaccessibile per gli utenti non root. Benché usare "
"l'account root sia un metodo veloce per affrontare questo tipo di "
"situazione, la sua soluzione dovrebbe essere l'impostazione degli "
"appropriati permessi e gruppi proprietari per il file (vedere <xref "
"linkend=\"_filesystem_permissions\"/>)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1108
msgid "The root shell prompt"
msgstr "Il prompt di shell di root"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1109
msgid ""
"Here are a few basic methods to gain the root shell prompt by using the root "
"password."
msgstr ""
"Ecco alcuni metodi di base per ottenere il prompt di shell per root usando "
"la password di root."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1113
msgid "Type <literal>root</literal> at the character based login prompt."
msgstr "Inserire <literal>root</literal> al prompt di login a caratteri."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1118
msgid ""
"Click \"Applications\" → \"Accessories\" → \"Root Terminal\", under the "
"GNOME Desktop environment."
msgstr ""
"Cliccare su \"Applicazioni\" → \"Accessori\" → \"Terminale Root\", nell'ambiente "
"Desktop GNOME."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1123
msgid "Type \"<literal>su -l</literal>\" from any user shell prompt."
msgstr ""
"Digitare \"<literal>su -l</literal>\" al prompt di shell di un utente "
"qualsiasi."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1128
msgid "This does not preserve the environment of the current user."
msgstr "L'ambiente dell'utente attuale non viene in questo caso preservato."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1135
msgid "Type \"<literal>su</literal>\" from any user shell prompt."
msgstr ""
"Digitare \"<literal>su</literal>\" al prompt di shell di un utente qualsiasi."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1140
msgid "This preserves some of the environment of the current user."
msgstr ""
"L'ambiente dell'utente attuale viene in questo caso parzialmente preservato."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1148
msgid "GUI system administration tools"
msgstr "Strumenti di amministrazione del sistema con interfaccia utente grafica"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1149
msgid ""
"When your desktop menu does not start GUI system administration tools "
"automatically with the appropriate privilege, you can start them from the "
"root shell prompt of the X terminal emulator, such as "
"<literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1), <literal>rxvt</literal>(1), or "
"<literal>xterm</literal>(1). See <xref linkend=\"_the_root_shell_prompt\"/> "
"and <xref linkend=\"_running_x_clients_as_root\"/>."
msgstr ""
"Quando il menu del desktop non avvia gli strumenti con interfaccia grafica "
"per l'amministrazione di sistema con i privilegi appropriati, si può "
"avviarli dal prompt di shell di root dell'emulatore di terminale per X, "
"quali <literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1), <literal>rxvt</literal>(1) o "
"<literal>xterm</literal>(1). Vedere <xref linkend=\"_the_root_shell_prompt\"/> "
"e <xref linkend=\"_running_x_clients_as_root\"/>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1151
msgid ""
"Never start the X display/session manager under the root account by typing "
"in <literal>root</literal> to the prompt of the display manager such as "
"<literal>gdm</literal>(1)."
msgstr ""
"Non avviare mai il gestore di sessioni/display manager di X dall'account "
"root inserendo <literal>root</literal> al prompt di un  display manager come "
"<literal>gdm</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1154
msgid ""
"Never run untrusted remote GUI program under X Window when critical "
"information is displayed since it may eavesdrop your X screen."
msgstr ""
"Non eseguire mai in X Window programmi con interfaccia utente grafica non "
"fidati da remoto quando sono visualizzate informazioni critiche, dato che "
"potrebbero spiare lo schermo X."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1158
msgid "Virtual consoles"
msgstr "Console virtuali"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1159
msgid ""
"In the default Debian system, there are six switchable <ulink "
"url=\"&vtbaalike;\">VT100-like</ulink> character consoles available to start "
"the command shell directly on the Linux host.  Unless you are in a GUI "
"environment, you can switch between the virtual consoles by pressing the "
"<literal>Left-Alt-key</literal> and one of the <literal>F1</literal> — "
"<literal>F6</literal> keys simultaneously.  Each character console allows "
"independent login to the account and offers the multiuser environment.  This "
"multiuser environment is a great Unix feature, and very addictive."
msgstr ""
"Nel sistema Debian standard, ci sono sei console a caratteri <ulink "
"url=\"&vtbaalike;\">in stile VT100</ulink> disponibili tra cui ci si può "
"spostare per avviare una shell di comando direttamente sull'host Linux. A "
"meno che non si sia in un ambiente con interfaccia grafica, si può passare "
"da una console virtuale all'altra usando simultaneamente il "
"<literal>tasto_Alt_sinistro</literal> e uno dei tasti <literal>F1</literal> "
"— <literal>F6</literal>. Ogni console a caratteri permette un login "
"indipendente nell'account e offre un ambiente multiutente. L'ambiente "
"multiutente Ãš una bellissima caratteristica di Unix e ci si puÃ² abituare "
"presto a dipendere da esso."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1160
msgid ""
"If you are under the X Window System, you gain access to the character "
"console 1 by pressing <literal>Ctrl-Alt-F1</literal> key, i.e., the "
"<literal>left-Ctrl-key</literal>, the <literal>left-Alt-key</literal>, and "
"the <literal>F1-key</literal> are pressed together.  You can get back to the "
"X Window System, normally running on the virtual console 7, by pressing "
"<literal>Alt-F7</literal>."
msgstr ""
"Se si Ãš nel Sistema X Window, si accedere alla console a caratteri 1 "
"premendo i tasti <literal>Ctrl-Alt-F1</literal>, cioÃš premendo "
"contemporaneamente il <literal>tasto_Ctrl_sinistro</literal>, il "
"<literal>tasto_Alt_sinistro</literal> e il <literal>tasto_F1</literal>. Si "
"puÃ² tornare al Sistema X Window, che di solito Ãš in esecuzione sulla console "
"virtuale 7, premendo <literal>Alt-F7</literal>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1161
msgid ""
"You can alternatively change to another virtual console, e.g. to the console "
"1, from the commandline."
msgstr ""
"In alternativa ci si può spostare in un'altra console virtuale, per esempio "
"la console 1, dalla riga di comando."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1162
#, no-wrap
msgid "# chvt 1"
msgstr "# chvt 1"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1165
msgid "How to leave the command prompt"
msgstr "Come uscire dal prompt dei comandi"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1166
msgid ""
"You type <literal>Ctrl-D</literal>, i.e., the "
"<literal>left-Ctrl-key</literal> and the <literal>d-key</literal> pressed "
"together, at the command prompt to close the shell activity.  If you are at "
"the character console, you return to the login prompt with this.  Even "
"though these control characters are referred as \"control D\" with the upper "
"case, you do not need to press the Shift-key. The short hand expression, "
"<literal>^D</literal>, is also used for <literal>Ctrl-D</literal>.  "
"Alternately, you can type \"exit\"."
msgstr ""
"Si digita <literal>Ctrl-D</literal>, cioÃš il "
"<literal>tasto_Ctrl_sinistro</literal> e il <literal>tasto_d</literal> "
"vengono premuti contemporaneamente al prompt dei comandi per chiuderà "
"l'attivitÃ  della shell. Se si Ãš nella console a caratteri, in questo modo si "
"ritorna al prompt di login. Anche se questi caratteri di controllo vengono "
"indicati con le lettere maiuscole, come \"control D\", non Ãš necessario "
"premere il tasto Maiusc. Per indicare <literal>Ctrl-D</literal> viene anche "
"usata l'espressione abbreviata <literal>^D</literal>. In alternativa si può "
"digitare \"exit\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1167
msgid ""
"If you are at <literal>x-terminal-emulator</literal>(1), you can close "
"<literal>x-terminal-emulator</literal> window with this."
msgstr ""
"In quest'ultimo modo, se si Ãš in un emulatore di terminale (<literal>x"
"-terminal-emulator</literal>(1)), lo si può chiudere "

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1170
msgid "How to shutdown the system"
msgstr "Come spegnere il sistema"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1171
msgid ""
"Just like any other modern OS where the file operation involves <ulink "
"url=\"&cachingdata;\">caching data</ulink> in memory for improved "
"performance, the Debian system needs the proper shutdown procedure before "
"power can safely be turned off. This is to maintain the integrity of files, "
"by forcing all changes in memory to be written to disk. If the software "
"power control is available, the shutdown procedure automatically turns off "
"power of the system. (Otherwise, you may have to press power button for few "
"seconds after the shutdown procedure.)"
msgstr ""
"Esattamente come ogni altro SO moderno in cui le operazioni su file "
"comportano <ulink url=\"&cachingdata;\">una cache dei dati</ulink> in memoria "
"per migliorare le prestazioni, il sistema Debian ha bisogno della "
"appropriata procedura di spegnimento prima che l'alimentazione possa essere "
"staccata in modo sicuro. Questo serve a preservare l'integrità dei file, "
"forzando la scrittura su disco di tutti i cambiamenti avvenuti in memoria. "
"Se Ãš disponibile il controllo software dell'alimentazione, la procedura di "
"spegnimento automaticamente toglie l'alimentazione al sistema. (In caso "
"contrario può essere necessario tener premuto per alcuni secondi il tasto di "
"accensione/spegnimento.)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1172
msgid ""
"You can shutdown the system under the normal multiuser mode from the "
"commandline."
msgstr ""
"Si può spegnere il sistema dalla riga di comando nella normale modalità "
"multiutente."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1173
#, no-wrap
msgid "# shutdown -h now"
msgstr "# shutdown -h now"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1174
msgid "You can shutdown the system under the single-user mode from the commandline."
msgstr ""
"Si può spegnere il sistema dalla riga di comando nella modalità single-user."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1175
#, no-wrap
msgid "# poweroff -i -f"
msgstr "# poweroff -i -f"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1176
msgid ""
"Alternatively, you may type <literal>Ctrl-Alt-Delete</literal> (The "
"<literal>left-Ctrl-key</literal>, the <literal>left-Alt-Key</literal>, and "
"the <literal>Delete</literal> are pressed together) to shutdown if "
"\"<literal>/etc/inittab</literal>\" contains "
"\"<literal>ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -h now</literal>\" in "
"it.  See <literal>inittab</literal>(5) for details."
msgstr ""
"In alternativa, se \"<literal>/etc/inittab</literal>\" contiene "
"\"<literal>ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -h now</literal>\" al suo "
"interno, per spegnere si può digitare <literal>Ctrl-Alt-Canc</literal> (il "
"<literal>tasto_Ctrl_sinistro</literal>, il "
"<literal>tasto_Alt_sinistro</literal> e <literal>Canc</literal> sono premuti "
"contemporaneamente). Per i dettagli vedere <literal>inittab</literal>(5)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1177
msgid "See <xref linkend=\"_how_to_shutdown_the_remote_system_on_ssh\"/>."
msgstr "Vedere <xref linkend=\"_how_to_shutdown_the_remote_system_on_ssh\"/>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1180
msgid "Recovering a sane console"
msgstr "Ripristinare una console funzionante"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1181
msgid ""
"When the screen goes berserk after doing some funny things such as "
"\"<literal>cat &lt;some-binary-file&gt;</literal>\", type "
"\"<literal>reset</literal>\" at the command prompt. You may not be able to "
"see the command echoed as you type.  You may also issue "
"\"<literal>clear</literal>\" to clean up the screen."
msgstr ""
"Quando, dopo aver fatto qualcosa di strano come \"<literal>cat &lt;un-"
"qualche-file-binario&gt;</literal>\", lo schermo impazzisce digitare "
"\"<literal>reset</literal>\" al prompt dei comandi. Mentre lo si digita il "
"comando potrebbe non essere visualizzato. Si può anche usare "
"\"<literal>clear</literal>\" per pulire lo schermo."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1184
msgid "Additional package suggestions for the newbie"
msgstr "Suggerimenti per pacchetti aggiuntivi per i principianti"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1185
msgid ""
"Although even the minimal installation of the Debian system without any "
"desktop environment tasks provides the basic Unix functionality, it is a "
"good idea to install few additional commandline and curses based character "
"terminal packages such as <literal>mc</literal> and <literal>vim</literal> "
"with <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) for beginners to get started by the "
"following."
msgstr ""
"Sebbene anche l'installazione minima del sistema Debian, senza alcun "
"ambiente desktop, fornisca le funzionalitÃ  Unix di base Ãš una buona idea "
"installare con <literal>aptitude</literal>(8) alcuni pacchetti aggiuntivi "
"per la riga di comando e i terminali a caratteri basati su curses, come "
"<literal>mc</literal> e <literal>vim</literal> con cui i principianti "
"possono fare i primi passi. Eseguire i comandi seguenti."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1186
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"# aptitude update\n"
" ...\n"
"# aptitude install mc vim sudo\n"
" ..."
msgstr ""
"# aptitude update\n"
" ...\n"
"# aptitude install mc vim sudo\n"
" ..."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1190
msgid "If you already had these packages installed, no new packages are installed."
msgstr ""
"Se questi pacchetti sono già installati, nessun nuovo pacchetto sarà "
"installato."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1192
msgid "List of interesting text-mode program packages"
msgstr "Elenco di pacchetti con interessanti programmi in modalità testuale"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1201 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1293 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2672 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5056 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8721 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9072 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9298 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10275 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10345 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10896 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13827 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13981 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14173 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14267 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14758 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14848 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14957 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15111 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15238 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15340 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15823 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16015 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16555 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16967 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17513 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17801 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18097 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18465 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18721 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19109 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19169 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19232 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19380 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19703 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19881 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20622 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20717 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20940 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21270 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21447 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21686 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22159 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22408 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22806 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23174 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23726 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23832 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23880 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23943 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24226 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24734 debian-reference.en.xmlt:25067 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26057 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26266 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26750 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26917 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27256 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27354 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27458 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27611 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27673 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27808 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28051 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28189 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28269 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28376 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28902 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28961 debian-reference.en.xmlt:29927 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30001 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30458 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30551 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30674 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30840
msgid "package"
msgstr "pacchetto"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1204 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1296 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2675 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5059 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8724 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9075 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9301 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10278 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10348 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10899 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11229 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13478 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13741 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13830 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13984 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14176 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14270 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14761 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14851 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14960 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15114 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15241 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15343 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15826 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16018 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16314 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16558 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16970 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17108 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17237 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17516 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17804 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18100 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18468 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18724 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19112 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19172 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19235 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19383 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19706 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19884 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20625 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20720 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20943 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21273 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21450 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21689 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22162 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22411 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22809 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23177 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23729 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23835 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23883 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23946 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24229 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24737 debian-reference.en.xmlt:25070 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26060 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26269 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26753 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26920 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27259 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27357 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27461 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27614 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27676 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27811 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28054 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28192 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28272 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28379 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28905 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28964 debian-reference.en.xmlt:29930 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30004 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30461 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30554 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30677 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30843
msgid "popcon"
msgstr "popcon"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1207 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1299 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2678 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5062 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8727 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9078 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9304 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10281 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10351 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10902 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11232 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13481 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13744 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13833 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13987 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14179 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14273 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14764 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14854 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14963 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15117 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15244 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15346 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15829 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16021 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16317 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16561 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16973 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17111 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17240 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18103 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18471 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18727 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19115 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19175 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19238 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19386 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19709 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19887 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20628 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20723 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20946 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21190 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21276 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21453 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21692 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22165 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22414 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22812 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23180 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23732 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23838 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23886 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23949 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24232 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24740 debian-reference.en.xmlt:25073 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26063 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26272 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26756 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26923 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27262 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27360 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27464 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27617 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27679 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27814 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28057 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28195 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28275 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28382 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28908 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28967 debian-reference.en.xmlt:29933 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30007 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30464 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30557 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30680 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30846
msgid "size"
msgstr "dimensione"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1210 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1302 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2684 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3081 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4134 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4279 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5065 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6046 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6213 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8730 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9084 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9307 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9930 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10354 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10905 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11238 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12833 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13305 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13484 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13747 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13993 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14182 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14633 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14857 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14966 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15123 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15250 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15352 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15427 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15630 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15835 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16027 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16226 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16320 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16477 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16976 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17525 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17813 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18474 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18730 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19178 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19244 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19389 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19712 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19890 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20631 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20726 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20949 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21279 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21456 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21695 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22815 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23183 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23735 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23841 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23889 debian-reference.en.xmlt:23952 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24235 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24348 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24552 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24743 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26066 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26278 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26929 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27268 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27366 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27470 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27623 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27682 debian-reference.en.xmlt:27820 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28063 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28201 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28281 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28388 debian-reference.en.xmlt:28914 debian-reference.en.xmlt:29936 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30010 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30197 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30467 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30560 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30683 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30852
msgid "description"
msgstr "descrizione"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1216 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1217 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1218 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1224 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1225 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1226 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1232 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1233 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1234 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1240 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1241 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1242 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1248 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1249 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1250 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1256 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1257 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1258 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1264 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1265 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1266 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1272 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1273 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1274 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1308 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1309 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1310 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1316 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1317 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1318 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1324 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1325 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1326 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1332 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1333 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1334 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1340 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1341 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1342 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1348 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1349 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1350 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1356 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1357 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1358 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1364 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1365 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1366 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1372 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1373 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1374 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1380 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1381 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1382 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2690 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2691 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2692 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2700 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2701 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2702 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2709 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2710 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2711 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2720 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2721 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2722 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2730 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2731 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2732 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2741 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2742 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2743 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2751 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2752 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2753 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2761 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2762 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2763 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2772 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2773 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2774 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2783 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2784 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2785 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5071 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5072 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5073 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5079 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5080 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5081 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5087 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5088 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5089 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5095 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5096 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5097 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5103 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5104 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5105 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5111 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5112 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5113 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5119 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5120 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5121 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5127 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5128 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5129 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5135 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5136 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5137 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5143 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5144 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5145 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5151 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5152 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5153 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5159 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5160 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5161 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5167 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5168 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5169 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8736 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8737 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8738 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8744 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8745 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8746 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8752 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8753 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8754 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8760 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8761 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8762 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9093 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9094 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9095 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9107 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9108 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9109 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9121 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9122 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9123 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9135 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9136 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9137 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9149 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9150 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9151 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9163 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9164 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9165 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9177 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9178 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9179 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9191 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9192 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9193 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9313 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9314 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9315 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9321 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9322 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9323 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9329 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9330 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9331 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9337 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9338 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9339 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9345 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9346 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9347 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9352 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9353 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9354 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9360 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9361 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9362 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9368 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9369 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9370 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9375 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9376 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9377 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9383 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9384 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9385 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9391 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9392 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9393 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9399 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9400 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9401 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9407 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9408 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9409 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9415 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9416 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9417 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10293 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10294 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10295 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10304 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10305 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10306 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10360 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10361 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10362 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10368 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10369 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10370 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10376 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10377 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10378 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10384 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10385 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10386 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10392 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10393 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10394 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10400 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10401 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10402 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10408 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10409 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10410 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10416 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10417 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10418 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10424 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10425 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10426 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10432 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10433 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10434 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10911 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10912 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10913 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10919 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10920 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10921 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10927 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10928 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10929 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10935 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10936 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10937 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11244 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11245 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11246 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11255 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11256 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11257 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11266 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11267 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11268 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11277 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11278 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11279 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11288 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11289 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11290 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11299 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11300 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11301 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11310 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11311 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11312 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11321 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11322 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11323 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11331 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11332 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11333 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11341 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11342 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11343 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11351 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11352 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11353 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11362 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11363 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11364 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11373 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11374 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11375 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11383 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11384 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11385 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11394 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11395 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11396 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msgid "DUMMY"
msgstr "FITTIZIO"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1220
msgid "A text-mode full-screen file manager"
msgstr "Gestore di file testuale a tutto schermo"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1228
msgid "A program to allow limited root privileges to users"
msgstr "Programma per garantire privilegi di root limitati agli utenti"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1236
msgid "Unix text editor Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor (standard version)"
msgstr ""
"Editor di testi Unix Vi IMproved, un editor di testi per programmatori "
"(versione standard)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1244
msgid "Unix text editor Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor (compact version)"
msgstr ""
"Editor di testi Unix Vi IMproved, un editor di testi per programmatori "
"(versione compatta)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1252
msgid "GNU project Emacs, the Lisp based extensible text editor (version 22)"
msgstr ""
"Emacs dal progetto GNU, l'editor di testi estensibile basato su Lisp "
"(versione 22)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1260
msgid "GNU project Emacs, the Lisp based extensible text editor (version 23)"
msgstr ""
"Emacs dal progetto GNU, l'editor di testi estensibile basato su Lisp "
"(versione 23)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1268
msgid "Text-mode WWW browsers"
msgstr "Browser Web testuali"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1276
msgid "The Unix style cut-and-paste on the text console (daemon)"
msgstr "Taglia e Incolla in stile Unix nella console testuale (demone)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1282
msgid "It may be a good idea to read some informative documentations."
msgstr "Potrebbe essere una buona idea leggere un po' di documentazione."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1284
msgid "List of informative documentation packages"
msgstr "Elenco di pacchetti con documentazione interessante"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1312
msgid "Debian Project documentation, (Debian FAQ) and other documents"
msgstr "Documentazione del Progetto Debian, (FAQ Debian) ed altri documenti"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1320
msgid "Debian Policy Manual and related documents"
msgstr "Manuale Debian Policy e documenti correlati"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1328
msgid "Guidelines and information for Debian developers"
msgstr "Linee guida ed informazioni per gli sviluppatori Debian"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1336
msgid "Debian New Maintainers' Guide"
msgstr "Guida Debian per il nuovo Manutentore"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1344
msgid "History of the Debian Project"
msgstr "Storia del Progetto Debian"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1352
msgid "Debian FAQ"
msgstr "FAQ Debian"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1360
msgid "Linux HOWTOs and FAQ (text)"
msgstr "HOWTO e FAQ di Linux (testo semplice)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1368
msgid "Linux HOWTOs and FAQ (html)"
msgstr "HOWTO e FAQ di Linux (html)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1376
msgid "The Linux System Administrators' Guide"
msgstr "Guida per l'amministratore di sistema Linux"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1384
msgid "Linux: Rute User's Tutorial and Exposition (non-free)"
msgstr "Linux: Rute User's Tutorial and Exposition (in non-free)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1390
msgid "You can install some of these packages by the following."
msgstr ""
"Si possono installare alcuni di questi pacchetti usando i comandi seguenti."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1391
#, no-wrap
msgid "# aptitude install package_name"
msgstr "# aptitude install nome_pacchetto"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1394
msgid "An extra user account"
msgstr "Un account utente extra"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1395
msgid ""
"If you do not want to use your main user account for the following training "
"activities, you can create a training user account, "
"e.g. <literal>fish</literal> by the following."
msgstr ""
"Se non si vuole usare il proprio account utente principale per le "
"esercitazioni descritte in seguito, si può creare un account utente per "
"esercitarsi, ad esempio <literal>pesce</litera> con il comando seguente."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1396
#, no-wrap
msgid "# adduser fish"
msgstr "# adduser pesce"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1397
msgid "Answer all questions."
msgstr "Rispondere a tutte le domande."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1398
msgid ""
"This creates a new account named as <literal>fish</literal>.  After your "
"practice, you can remove this user account and its home directory by the "
"following."
msgstr ""
"In questo modo si crea un nuovo account chiamato <literal>pesce</literal>. "
"Dopo aver fatto pratica si può rimuover questo account e la sua directory "
"home digitando quanto segue."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1399
#, no-wrap
msgid "# deluser --remove-home fish"
msgstr "# deluser --remove-home pesce"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1402
msgid "sudo configuration"
msgstr "Configurazione di sudo"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1403
msgid ""
"For the typical single user workstation such as the desktop Debian system on "
"the laptop PC, it is common to deploy simple configuration of "
"<literal>sudo</literal>(8) as follows to let the non-privileged user, "
"e.g. <literal>penguin</literal>, to gain administrative privilege just with "
"his user password but without the root password."
msgstr ""
"Per la tipica postazione di lavoro di un unico utente, come il sistema "
"desktop Debian su un PC portatile, Ãš frequente l'uso di una semplice "
"configurazione di <literal>sudo</literal>(8), come qui di seguito descritto, "
"per permettere all'utente non privilegiato, ad esempio "
"<literal>pinguino</literal>, di ottenere privilegi di amministratore con la "
"sola propria password, senza quella dell'utente root."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1404
#, no-wrap
msgid "# echo \"penguin  ALL=(ALL) ALL\" &gt;&gt; /etc/sudoers"
msgstr "# echo \"pinguino  ALL=(ALL) ALL\" &gt;&gt; /etc/sudoers"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1405
msgid ""
"This trick should only be used for the single user workstation which you "
"administer and where you are the only user."
msgstr ""
"Questo trucco dovrebbe essere usato esclusivamente per le postazioni di "
"lavoro con un solo utente, in cui l'utente Ãš anche l'amministratore."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><warning><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1407
msgid ""
"Do not set up accounts of regular users on multiuser workstation like this "
"because it would be very bad for system security."
msgstr ""
"Non impostare account per utenti regolari su postazioni di lavoro multi-"
"utente in questo modo perché ciò sarebbe un grosso problema per la sicurezza "
"del sistema."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1410
msgid ""
"The password and the account of the <literal>penguin</literal> in the above "
"example requires as much protection as the root password and the root "
"account."
msgstr ""
"Nell'esempio precedente la password e l'account di "
"<literal>pinguino</literal> richiedono altrettanta protezione della password "
"e account dell'utente root."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1413
msgid ""
"Administrative privilege in this context belongs to someone authorized to "
"perform the system administration task on the workstation.  Never give some "
"manager in the Admin department of your company or your boss such privilege "
"unless they are authorized and capable."
msgstr ""
"I privilegi di amministrazione in questo contesto sono forniti a qualcuno "
"che Ãš autorizzato ad eseguire i compiti di amministrazione del sistema sulla "
"macchina. Non dare mai tali privilegi ad un manager del dipartimento di "
"Amministrazione della propria azienda o al proprio capo, a meno che non "
"siano autorizzati e capaci."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1416
msgid ""
"For providing access privilege to limited devices and limited files, you "
"should consider to use <emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis> to provide "
"limited access instead of using the <literal>root</literal> privilege via "
"<literal>sudo</literal>(8)."
msgstr ""
"Per fornire privilegi di accesso a specifici device e file, si dovrebbe "
"considerare l'uso dei <emphasis role=\"strong\">gruppi</emphasis> per dare un "
"accesso limitato, invece di usare i privilegi di <literal>root</literal> "
"attraverso <literal>sudo</literal>(8)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1419
msgid ""
"With more thoughtful and careful configuration, <literal>sudo</literal>(8) "
"can grant limited administrative privileges to other users on a shared "
"system without sharing the root password.  This can help with accountability "
"with hosts with multiple administrators so you can tell who did what.  On "
"the other hand, you might not want anyone else to have such privileges."
msgstr ""
"Con una configurazione più attenta e precisa, <literal>sudo</literal>(8) può "
"garantire privilegi amministrativi limitati ad altri utenti in un sistema "
"condiviso, senza rendere nota la password di root. Questo può aiutare la "
"tracciabilità su host con più di un amministratore, in modo che si possa "
"dire chi ha fatto cosa. D'altra parte si potrebbe anche volere che nessuno "
"abbia tali privilegi."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1423
msgid "Play time"
msgstr "Tempo di giocare"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1424
msgid ""
"Now you are ready to play with the Debian system without risks as long as "
"you use the non-privileged user account."
msgstr ""
"Si Ãš ora pronti a giocare con il sistema Debian senza rischi fintanto che si "
"usa l'account utente non privilegiato."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1425
msgid ""
"This is because the Debian system is, even after the default installation, "
"configured with proper file permissions which prevent non-privileged users "
"from damaging the system.  Of course, there may still be some holes which "
"can be exploited but those who worry about these issues should not be "
"reading this section but should be reading <ulink "
"url=\"&securingdebianmanual;\">Securing Debian Manual</ulink>."
msgstr ""
"CiÃ² Ãš possibile perchÃ© il sistema Debian Ãš, anche subito dopo "
"l'installazione predefinita, configurato con i permessi dei file corretti "
"che impediscono agli utenti non privilegiati di danneggiare il sistema. Ci "
"possono essere naturalmente ancora dei punti deboli che possono essere "
"sfruttati, ma chi si preoccupa di tali cose non dovrebbe leggere questa "
"sezione ma piuttosto il manuale <ulink url=\"&securingdebianmanual;\">Securing "
"Debian</ulink>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1426
msgid ""
"We learn the Debian system as a <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix-like</ulink> "
"system with the following."
msgstr ""
"Si può imparare il sistema Debian, come sistema <ulink "
"url=\"&unixlike;\">*nix</ulink> nelle sezioni seguenti."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1429
msgid "<xref linkend=\"_unix_like_filesystem\"/> (basic concept)"
msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_unix_like_filesystem\"/> (concetti di base)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1433
msgid "<xref linkend=\"_midnight_commander_mc\"/> (survival method)"
msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_midnight_commander_mc\"/> (sopravvivere)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1437
msgid "<xref linkend=\"_the_basic_unix_like_work_environment\"/> (basic method)"
msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_the_basic_unix_like_work_environment\"/> (lavoro base)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1441
msgid "<xref linkend=\"_the_simple_shell_command\"/> (shell mechanism)"
msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_the_simple_shell_command\"/> (uso della shell)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1445
msgid "<xref linkend=\"_unix_like_text_processing\"/> (text processing method)"
msgstr "<xref linkend=\"_unix_like_text_processing\"/> (elaborazione di testi)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1452
msgid "Unix-like filesystem"
msgstr "File system stile Unix"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1453
msgid ""
"In GNU/Linux and other <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix-like</ulink> operating "
"systems, <ulink url=\"&files;\">files</ulink> are organized into <ulink "
"url=\"&directories;\">directories</ulink>.  All files and directories are "
"arranged in one big tree rooted at \"<literal>/</literal>\". It's called a "
"tree because if you draw the filesystem, it looks like a tree but it is "
"upside down."
msgstr ""
"In GNU/Linux ed altri sistemi operativi <ulink "
"url=\"&unixlike;\">*nix</ulink>, i <ulink url=\"&files;\">file</ulink> sono "
"organizzati in <ulink url=\"&directories;\">directory</ulink>. Tutti i file e "
"le directory sono organizzati in un unico grande albero che ha la sua radice "
"in \"<literal>/</literal>\". Viene chiamato albero perché il file system, se "
"viene disegnato, ha l'aspetto di un albero però a sottosopra."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1454
msgid ""
"These files and directories can be spread out over several "
"devices. <literal>mount</literal>(8) serves to attach the filesystem found "
"on some device to the big file tree.  Conversely, "
"<literal>umount</literal>(8) detaches it again.  On recent Linux kernels, "
"<literal>mount</literal>(8) with some options can bind part of a file tree "
"somewhere else or can mount filesystem as shared, private, slave, or "
"unbindable.  Supported mount options for each filesystem are available in "
"\"<literal>/share/doc/linux-doc-2.6.*/Documentation/filesystems/</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Questi file e directory possono essere sparsi su diversi dispositivi. "
"<literal>mount</literal>(8) server per attaccare il file system trovato su "
"un qualche dispositivo al grande albero dei file. Al contrario, "
"<literal>umount</literal>(8) lo stacca. Nei kernel Linux recenti "
"<literal>mount</literal>(8) con alcune opzioni può collegare parte di un "
"albero dei file in qualche altra posizione o può montare file system come "
"condivisi, privati, slave o non-collegabili. Le opzioni di montaggio "
"supportate per ciascun file system sono disponibili in \"<literal>/share/doc"
"/linux-doc-2.6.*/Documentation/filesystems/</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1455
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Directories</emphasis> on Unix systems are called "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">folders</emphasis> on some other systems.  Please "
"also note that there is no concept for <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">drive</emphasis> such as \"<literal>A:</literal>\" on any "
"Unix system.  There is one filesystem, and everything is included. This is a "
"huge advantage compared to Windows."
msgstr ""
"Nei sistemi Unix vengono chiamate <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">directory</emphasis> quelle che in altri sistemi sono chiamate "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">cartelle</emphasis>. Notare anche che non esiste in "
"nessun sistema Unix un concetto di <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">unitÃ </emphasis>, come \"<literal>A:</literal>\". C'Ãš un solo "
"unico file system e tutto vi Ãš incluso. Questo Ãš un grandissimo vantaggio "
"rispetto a Windows."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1457
msgid "Unix file basics"
msgstr "Nozioni di base sui file Unix"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1458
msgid "Here are some Unix file basics."
msgstr "Ecco alcune nozioni di base sui file Unix."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1462
msgid ""
"Filenames are <emphasis role=\"strong\">case sensitive</emphasis>.  That is, "
"\"<literal>MYFILE</literal>\" and \"<literal>MyFile</literal>\" are "
"different files."
msgstr ""
"Nei nomi dei file si distingue tra <emphasis role=\"strong\">maiuscole e "
"minuscole</emphasis>. I file \"<literal>MIOFILE</literal>\" e "
"\"<literal>MioFile</literal>\" sono cioÃš file diversi."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1467
msgid ""
"The <emphasis role=\"strong\">root directory</emphasis> means root of the "
"filesystem referred as simply \"<literal>/</literal>\".  Don't confuse this "
"with the home directory for the root user: \"<literal>/root</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"La <emphasis role=\"strong\">directory root</emphasis> indica la radice del "
"file system, indicata semplicemente con \"<literal>/</literal>\". Non la si "
"confonda con la directory home dell'utente root: \"<literal>/root</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1472
msgid ""
"Every directory has a name which can contain any letters or symbols "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">except \"<literal>/</literal>\"</emphasis>.  The "
"root directory is an exception; its name is \"<literal>/</literal>\" "
"(pronounced \"slash\" or \"the root directory\") and it cannot be renamed."
msgstr ""
"Ogni directory ha un nome che può contenere qualsiasi lettera o simbolo "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">tranne\"<literal>/</literal>\"</emphasis>. La "
"directory radice Ãš un'eccezione; il suo nome Ãš \"<literal>/</literal>\" "
"(pronunciato \"slash\" o \"directory root/radice\") e il suo nome non può essere "
"cambiato."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1477
msgid ""
"Each file or directory is designated by a <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">fully-qualified filename</emphasis>, <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">absolute filename</emphasis>, or <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">path</emphasis>, giving the sequence of directories which "
"must be passed through to reach it.  The three terms are synonymous."
msgstr ""
"Ogni file o directory Ãš indicato da un <emphasis role=\"strong\">nome di file "
"pienamente qualificato</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"strong\">nome file "
"assoluto</emphasis> o <emphasis role=\"strong\">percorso</emphasis>, fornendo "
"la sequenza di directory attraverso le quali si deve passare per "
"raggiungerlo. I tre termini sono sinonimi."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1482
msgid ""
"All <emphasis role=\"strong\">fully-qualified filenames</emphasis> begin "
"with the \"<literal>/</literal>\" directory, and there's a "
"\"<literal>/</literal>\" between each directory or file in the filename.  "
"The first \"<literal>/</literal>\" is the top level directory, and the other "
"\"<literal>/</literal>\"'s separate successive subdirectories, until we "
"reach the last entry which is the name of the actual file.  The words used "
"here can be confusing.  Take the following <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">fully-qualified filename</emphasis> as an example: "
"\"<literal>/usr/share/keytables/us.map.gz</literal>\".  However, people also "
"refers to its basename \"<literal>us.map.gz</literal>\" alone as a filename."
msgstr ""
"Tutti i <emphasis role=\"strong\">nomi di file pienamente "
"qualificati</emphasis> iniziano con la directory \"<literal>/</literal>\" e "
"c'Ãš un carattere \"<literal>/</literal>\" tra ciascuna directory o file nel "
"nome del file. Il primo carattere \"<literal>/</literal>\" Ãš la directory di "
"più alto livello e gli altri \"<literal>/</literal>\" separano le directory "
"successive fino a che non si raggiunge l'ultima voce che Ãš il nome del file "
"stesso. I termini usati possono creare confusione. Prendere in "
"considerazione come esempio il seguente <emphasis role=\"strong\">nome file "
"pienamente qualificato</emphasis> come esempio: "
"\"<literal>/usr/share/keytables/us.map.gz</literal>\"; anche se ci si "
"riferisce al solo nome base,  \"<literal>us.map.gz</literal>\" come al suo "
"nome file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1487
msgid ""
"The root directory has a number of branches, such as "
"\"<literal>/etc/</literal>\" and \"<literal>/usr/</literal>\".  These "
"subdirectories in turn branch into still more subdirectories, such as "
"\"<literal>/etc/init.d/</literal>\" and \"<literal>/usr/local/</literal>\".  "
"The whole thing viewed collectively is called the <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">directory tree</emphasis>.  You can think of an absolute "
"filename as a route from the base of the tree (\"<literal>/</literal>\") to "
"the end of some branch (a file).  You also hear people talk about the "
"directory tree as if it were a <emphasis role=\"strong\">family</emphasis> "
"tree: thus subdirectories have <emphasis role=\"strong\">parents</emphasis>, "
"and a path shows the complete ancestry of a file.  There are also relative "
"paths that begin somewhere other than the root directory.  You should "
"remember that the directory \"<literal>../</literal>\" refers to the parent "
"directory.  This terminology also applies to other directory like "
"structures, such as hierarchical data structures."
msgstr ""
"La directory radice ha un certo numero di rami, come "
"\"<literal>/etc/</literal>\" e \"<literal>/usr/</literal>\". Queste "
"sottodirectory a loro volta si diramano in ulteriori sottodirectory, come "
"\"<literal>/etc/init.d/</literal>\" e \"<literal>/usr/local/</literal>\". Viste "
"tutte insieme vengono chiamate <emphasis role=\"strong\">albero delle "
"directory</emphasis>. Si può pensare ad un nome file assoluto come ad un "
"percorso dalla base dell'albero (\"<literal>/</literal>\") alla punta di un "
"ramo (un file). Si può anche sentir parlare dell'albero delle directory come "
"se fosse un albero <emphasis role=\"strong\">genealogico</emphasis>: le "
"sottodirectory hanno perciò <emphasis role=\"strong\">genitori</emphasis> e un "
"percorso mostra gli antenati completi di un file. Ci sono anche percorsi "
"relativi che iniziano da una qualche posizione che non sia la directory "
"radice. Si dovrebbe tenere a mente che la directory \"<literal>../</literal>\" "
"si riferisce alla directory genitore. Questa terminologia si applica anche "
"ad altre strutture simili a quella delle directory, come le strutture di "
"dati gerarchici."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1492
msgid ""
"There's no special directory path name component that corresponds to a "
"physical device, such as your hard disk.  This differs from <ulink "
"url=\"&rtbb;\">RT-11</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&cpm;\">CP/M</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&openvms;\">OpenVMS</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&msdos;\">MS-DOS</ulink>, "
"<ulink url=\"&amigaos;\">AmigaOS</ulink>, and <ulink "
"url=\"&microsoftwindows;\">Microsoft Windows</ulink>, where the path "
"contains a device name such as \"<literal>C:\\</literal>\".  (However, "
"directory entries do exist that refer to physical devices as a part of the "
"normal filesystem.  See <xref linkend=\"_filesystem_internals\"/>.)"
msgstr ""
"Non c'Ãš alcun nome speciale di percorso di directory che corrisponde ad un "
"dispositivo fisico, come il disco fisso. Questa Ãš una differenza rispetto a "
"<ulink url=\"&rtbb;\">RT-11</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&cpm;\">CP/M</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&openvms;\">OpenVMS</ulink>, <ulink url=\"&msdos;\">MS-DOS</ulink>, <ulink "
"url=\"&amigaos;\">AmigaOS</ulink> e <ulink url=\"&microsoftwindows;\">Microsoft "
"Windows</ulink>, in cui il percorso contiene una porzione con il nome di "
"dispositivo come \"</ulink>C:\\</ulink>\". (Esistono tuttavia directory che si "
"riferiscono ai dispositivi fisici come a parte del file system normale. "
"Vedere <xref linkend=\"_filesystem_internals\"/>.)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1497
msgid ""
"While you <emphasis role=\"strong\">can</emphasis> use almost any letters or "
"symbols in a file name, in practice it is a bad idea to do so.  It is better "
"to avoid any characters that often have special meanings on the command "
"line, including spaces, tabs, newlines, and other special characters: "
"<literal>{ } ( ) [ ] ' ` \" \\ / &gt; &lt; | ; ! # &amp; ^ * % @ $</literal> "
".  If you want to separate words in a name, good choices are the period, "
"hyphen, and underscore.  You could also capitalize each word, "
"\"<literal>LikeThis</literal>\". Experienced Linux users tend to avoid "
"spaces in filenames."
msgstr ""
"Benché si <emphasis role=\"strong\">possa</emphasis> usare quasi qualsiasi "
"lettera o simbolo nel nome di un file, in pratica farlo non Ãš una bella "
"idea. È meglio evitare qualsiasi carattere che ha spesso un significato "
"particolare sulla riga di comando, inclusi spazi, tabulazioni, a capo e "
"altri caratteri speciali: <literal>{ } ( ) [ ] ' ` \" \\ / &gt; &lt; | ; ! # "
"&amp; ^ * % @ $</literal>. Se si vuole separare parole all'interno di un "
"nome file, buone alternative sono un punto, un trattino ed il segno di "
"sottolineatura. Si può anche scrivere in maiuscolo ogni parola, "
"\"<literal>InQuestoModo</literal>\". Gli utenti Linux esperti tendono ad "
"evitare l'uso degli spazi nei nomi dei file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1500
msgid ""
"The word \"root\" can mean either \"root user\" or \"root directory\".  The "
"context of their usage should make it clear."
msgstr ""
"La parola \"root\" può significare l'\"utente root\" o la \"directory root\". Il "
"contesto in cui il termine usato dovrebbe rendere chiaro il suo significato."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1503
msgid ""
"The word <emphasis role=\"strong\">path</emphasis> is used not only for "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">fully-qualified filename</emphasis> as above but "
"also for the <emphasis role=\"strong\">command search path</emphasis>.  The "
"intended meaning is usually clear from the context."
msgstr ""
"La parola <emphasis role=\"strong\">percorso</emphasis> non Ãš usata solamente "
"per un <emphasis role=\"strong\">nome di file pienamente "
"qualificato</emphasis> come descritto in precedenza, ma anche per il "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">percorso di ricerca dei comandi</emphasis>. Il "
"significato Ãš di solito reso chiaro dal contesto."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1505
msgid ""
"The detailed best practices for the file hierarchy are described in the "
"Filesystem Hierarchy Standard "
"(\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/debian-policy/fhs/fhs-2.3.txt.gz</literal>\" and "
"<literal>hier</literal>(7)).  You should remember the following facts as the "
"starter."
msgstr ""
"Le linee guida raccomandate per la gerarchia dei file sono descritte in "
"dettaglio nel Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (\"<literal>/usr/share/doc"
"/debian-policy/fhs/fhs-2.3.txt.gz</literal>\" e in "
"<literal>hier</literal>(7)). Come inizio si dovrebbe tenere a mente quanto "
"segue."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1507
msgid "List of usage of key directories"
msgstr "Elenco degli usi delle directory principali"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1514 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1691 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9470
msgid "directory"
msgstr "directory"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1517
msgid "usage of the directory"
msgstr "uso della directory"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1524 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3908 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6402
msgid "<literal>/</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>/</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1527
msgid "the root directory"
msgstr "la directory root"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1532
msgid "<literal>/etc/</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>/etc/</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1535
msgid "system wide configuration files"
msgstr "file di configurazione a livello di sistema"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1540
msgid "<literal>/var/log/</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>/var/log/</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1543
msgid "system log files"
msgstr "file di registro del sistema"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1548
msgid "<literal>/home/</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>/home/</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1551
msgid "all the home directories for all non-privileged users"
msgstr "tutte le directory home degli utenti non privilegiati"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1559
msgid "Filesystem internals"
msgstr "Aspetti tecnici del file system"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1560
msgid ""
"Following the <emphasis role=\"strong\">Unix tradition</emphasis>, the "
"Debian GNU/Linux system provides the <ulink "
"url=\"&filesystem;\">filesystem</ulink> under which physical data on hard "
"disks and other storage devices reside, and the interaction with the "
"hardware devices such as console screens and remote serial consoles are "
"represented in an unified manner under \"<literal>/dev/</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Nella scia della <emphasis role=\"strong\">tradizione Unix</emphasis>, il "
"sistema Debian GNU/Linux fornisce il <ulink url=\"&filesystem;\">file "
"system</ulink> in cui risiedono i dati fisici nel disco fisso e negli altri "
"dispositivi di memorizzazione, ed inoltre le interazioni con i dispositivi "
"hardware come gli schermi di console e le console seriali remote vengono "
"rappresentate in un modo unificato in \"<literal>/dev/</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1561
msgid ""
"Each file, directory, named pipe (a way two programs can share data), or "
"physical device on a Debian GNU/Linux system has a data structure called an "
"<ulink url=\"&inode;\">inode</ulink> which describes its associated "
"attributes such as the user who owns it (owner), the group that it belongs "
"to, the time last accessed, etc.  If you are really interested, see "
"\"<literal>/usr/include/linux/fs.h</literal>\" for the exact definition of "
"\"<literal>struct inode</literal>\" in the Debian GNU/Linux system. The idea "
"of representing just about everything in the filesystem was a Unix "
"innovation, and modern Linux kernels have developed this idea ever "
"further. Now, even information about processes running in the computer can "
"be found in the filesystem."
msgstr ""
"Ogni file, directory, pipe con nome (un modo per due programmi di scambiare "
"dati) o dispositivo fisico presente in un sistema Debian GNU/Linux ha una "
"struttura di dati chiamata <ulink url=\"&inode;\">inode</ulink> che descrive "
"gli attributi ad esso associati come l'utente che lo possiede "
"(proprietario), il gruppo a cui appartiene, la data dell'ultimo accesso ad "
"esso, ecc. Se si Ãš interessati a questo aspetto, vedere "
"\"<literal>/usr/include/linux/fs.h</literal> per l'esatta definizione di "
"\"<literal>struct inode</literal>\" nel sistema Debian GNU/Linux. L'idea di "
"rappresentare praticamente tutto nel file system Ãš stata un'innovazione di "
"Unix e i kernel Linux moderni hanno sviluppato questa idea e sono andati "
"oltre. Ora anche le informazioni sui processi in esecuzione sul computer "
"possono essere trovate nel file system."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1562
msgid ""
"This abstract and unified representation of physical entities and internal "
"processes is very powerful since this allows us to use the same command for "
"the same kind of operation on many totally different devices. It is even "
"possible to change the way the kernel works by writing data to special files "
"that are linked to running processes."
msgstr ""
"La rappresentazione astratta e unificata di entità fisiche e di processi "
"interni Ãš molto potente dato che permette di usare lo stesso comando per lo "
"stesso tipo di operazione su molti tipi di device completamente diversi "
"l'uno dall'altro. È anche possibile cambiare il modo in cui il kernel "
"funziona scrivendo dati in file speciali che sono collegati ai processi in "
"esecuzione."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1564
msgid ""
"If you need to identify the correspondence between the file tree and the "
"physical entity, execute <literal>mount</literal>(8) with no arguments."
msgstr ""
"Per identificare la corrispondenza tra l'albero dei file e le entità "
"fisiche, eseguire <literal>mount</literal>(8) senza opzioni."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1568
msgid "Filesystem permissions"
msgstr "Permessi del file system"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1569
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"&filesystempermissions;\">Filesystem permissions</ulink> of "
"<ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix-like</ulink> system are defined for three "
"categories of affected users."
msgstr ""
"I <ulink url=\"&filesystempermissions;\">permessi del file system</ulink> di "
"sistemi <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">*nix</ulink> sono definiti e influenzano tre "
"categorie di utenti."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1573
msgid ""
"The <emphasis role=\"strong\">user</emphasis> who owns the file (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">u</emphasis>)"
msgstr ""
"L'<emphasis role=\"strong\">utente</emphasis> che Ãš il proprietario del file "
"(<emphasis role=\"strong\">u</emphasis>)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1578
msgid ""
"Other users in the <emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis> which the file "
"belongs to (<emphasis role=\"strong\">g</emphasis>)"
msgstr ""
"Gli altri utenti del <emphasis role=\"strong\">gruppo</emphasis> a cui "
"appartiene il file (<emphasis role=\"strong\">g</emphasis>)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1583
msgid ""
"All <emphasis role=\"strong\">other</emphasis> users (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">o</emphasis>) also referred to as \"world\" and \"everyone\""
msgstr ""
"Tutti gli <emphasis role=\"strong\">altri</emphasis>utenti (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">o</emphasis>) a cui ci si riferisce anche con i termini "
"\"mondo\" e \"tutti\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1587
msgid "For the file, each corresponding permission allows following actions."
msgstr "Per un file, a ciascun permesso corrispondono le seguenti azioni."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1591
msgid ""
"The <emphasis role=\"strong\">read</emphasis> (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">r</emphasis>) permission allows owner to examine contents of "
"the file."
msgstr ""
"Il permesso di <emphasis role=\"strong\">lettura</emphasis> (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">r</emphasis>) permette al proprietario di esaminare il "
"contenuto del file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1596
msgid ""
"The <emphasis role=\"strong\">write</emphasis> (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">w</emphasis>) permission allows owner to modify the file."
msgstr ""
"Il permesso di <emphasis role=\"strong\">scrittura</emphasis> (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">w</emphasis>) permette al proprietario di modificare il file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1601
msgid ""
"The <emphasis role=\"strong\">execute</emphasis> (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>) permission allows owner to run the file as a "
"command."
msgstr ""
"Il permesso di <emphasis role=\"strong\">esecuzione</emphasis> (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>) permette al proprietario di eseguire il file "
"come comando."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1605
msgid "For the directory, each corresponding permission allows following actions."
msgstr "Per una directory, a ciascun permesso corrispondono le seguenti azioni."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1609
msgid ""
"The <emphasis role=\"strong\">read</emphasis> (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">r</emphasis>) permission allows owner to list contents of "
"the directory."
msgstr ""
"Il permesso di <emphasis role=\"strong\">lettura</emphasis> (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">r</emphasis>) permette al proprietario di elencare il "
"contenuto della directory."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1614
msgid ""
"The <emphasis role=\"strong\">write</emphasis> (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">w</emphasis>) permission allows owner to add or remove files "
"in the directory."
msgstr ""
"Il permesso di <emphasis role=\"strong\">scrittura</emphasis> (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">w</emphasis>) permette al proprietario di aggiungere o "
"rimuovere file dalla directory."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1619
msgid ""
"The <emphasis role=\"strong\">execute</emphasis> (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>) permission allows owner to access files in the "
"directory."
msgstr ""
"Il permesso di <emphasis role=\"strong\">esecuzione</emphasis> (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>) permette al proprietario di accedere ai file "
"nella directory."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1623
msgid ""
"Here, the <emphasis role=\"strong\">execute</emphasis> permission on a "
"directory means not only to allow reading of files in that directory but "
"also to allow viewing their attributes, such as the size and the "
"modification time."
msgstr ""
"In questo caso il permesso di <emphasis role=\"strong\">esecuzione</emphasis> "
"su una directory non solo significa poter leggere i file in quella directory "
"ma anche poterne vedere gli attributi, come la dimensione e la data di "
"modifica."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1624
msgid ""
"<literal>ls</literal>(1) is used to display permission information (and "
"more) for files and directories.  When it is invoked with the "
"\"<literal>-l</literal>\" option, it displays the following information in "
"the order given."
msgstr ""
"Per visualizzare le informazioni sui permessi (ed altro) di file e directory "
"si usa <literal>ls</literal>(1). Quando chiamato con l'opzione "
"\"<literal>-l</literal>\" mostra, nell'ordine elencato in seguito, le seguenti "
"informazioni."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1627
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Type of file</emphasis> (first character)"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Tipo di file</emphasis> (primo carattere)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1632
msgid ""
"Access <emphasis role=\"strong\">permission</emphasis> of the file (nine "
"characters, consisting of three characters each for user, group, and other "
"in this order)"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Permessi</emphasis> di accesso al file (nove "
"caratteri, tre ciascuno per utente, gruppo e altri, in questo ordine)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1636
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Number of hard links</emphasis> to the file"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Numero di collegamenti fisici</emphasis> al file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1641
msgid "Name of the <emphasis role=\"strong\">user</emphasis> who owns the file"
msgstr ""
"Nome dell'<emphasis role=\"strong\">utente</emphasis> proprietario del file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1646
msgid ""
"Name of the <emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis> which the file "
"belongs to"
msgstr ""
"Nome del <emphasis role=\"strong\">gruppo</emphasis> a cui il file appartiene."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1650
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Size</emphasis> of the file in characters (bytes)"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dimensione</emphasis> in caratteri (byte) del file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1654
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Date and time</emphasis> of the file (mtime)"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Data ed ora</emphasis> del file (mtime)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1658
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Name</emphasis> of the file"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Nome</emphasis> del file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1663
msgid "List of the first character of \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" output"
msgstr ""
"Elenco dei valori possibili per il primo carattere nell'output di "
"\"<literal>ls -l</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1670
msgid "character"
msgstr "carattere"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1673 debian-reference.en.xmlt:1791 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2059 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3672 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9230 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9752 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10044 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11898 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12317 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12481 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18574 debian-reference.en.xmlt:25702 debian-reference.en.xmlt:25943
msgid "meaning"
msgstr "significato"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1680 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6322 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24471
msgid "<literal>-</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>-</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1683
msgid "normal file"
msgstr "file normale"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1688
msgid "<literal>d</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>d</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1696 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6394
msgid "<literal>l</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>l</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1699
msgid "symlink"
msgstr "collegamento simbolico"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1704 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4527 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4530
msgid "<literal>c</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>c</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1707
msgid "character device node"
msgstr "device a caratteri"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1712 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20557
msgid "<literal>b</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>b</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1715
msgid "block device node"
msgstr "device a blocchi"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1720
msgid "<literal>p</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>p</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1723
msgid "named pipe"
msgstr "pipe con nome"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1728 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20542
msgid "<literal>s</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>s</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1731
msgid "socket"
msgstr "socket"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1737
msgid ""
"<literal>chown</literal>(1) is used from the root account to change the "
"owner of the file.  <literal>chgrp</literal>(1) is used from the file's "
"owner or root account to change the group of the file.  "
"<literal>chmod</literal>(1) is used from the file's owner or root account to "
"change file and directory access permissions.  Basic syntax to manipulate a "
"<literal>foo</literal> file is the following."
msgstr ""
"Per cambiare il proprietario di un file da un account root si usa "
"<literal>chown</literal>(1). Per cambiare il gruppo di un file dall'account "
"del proprietario o da quello di root si usa <literal>chgrp</literal>(1). Per "
"cambiare i permessi di accesso di file o directory dall'account del "
"proprietario o da quello di root si usa <literal>chmod</literal>(1). La "
"sintassi di base per manipolare un file <literal>pippo</literal> Ãš la "
"seguente."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1738
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"# chown &lt;newowner&gt; foo\n"
"# chgrp &lt;newgroup&gt; foo\n"
"# chmod  [ugoa][+-=][rwxXst][,...] foo"
msgstr ""
"# chown &lt;nuovoproprietario&gt; pippo\n"
"# chgrp &lt;nuovogruppo&gt; pippo\n"
"# chmod  [ugoa][+-=][rwxXst][,...] pippo"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1741
msgid ""
"For example, you can make a directory tree to be owned by a user "
"<literal>foo</literal> and shared by a group <literal>bar</literal> by the "
"following."
msgstr ""
"Per esempio si può fare in modo che l'utente <literal>pippo</literal> sia il "
"proprietario di un albero di directory condivisa dal gruppo "
"<literal>pluto</literal> con i seguenti comandi."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1742
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"# cd /some/location/\n"
"# chown -R foo:bar .\n"
"# chmod -R ug+rwX,o=rX ."
msgstr ""
"# cd /qualche/posizione/\n"
"# chown -R pippo:pluto .\n"
"# chmod -R ug+rwX,o=rX ."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1745
msgid "There are three more special permission bits."
msgstr "Ci sono altri tre bit speciali di permessi."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1749
msgid ""
"The <emphasis role=\"strong\">set user ID</emphasis> bit (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">s</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"strong\">S</emphasis> "
"instead of user's <emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>)"
msgstr ""
"Il bit <emphasis role=\"strong\">set user ID</emphasis> (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">s</emphasis> o <emphasis role=\"strong\">S</emphasis> al posto "
"del permesso <emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis> dell'utente)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1754
msgid ""
"The <emphasis role=\"strong\">set group ID</emphasis> bit (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">s</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"strong\">S</emphasis> "
"instead of group's <emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>)"
msgstr ""
"Il bit <emphasis role=\"strong\">set group ID</emphasis> (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">s</emphasis> o <emphasis role=\"strong\">S</emphasis> al posto "
"del permesso <emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis> del gruppo)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1759
msgid ""
"The <emphasis role=\"strong\">sticky</emphasis> bit (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">t</emphasis> or <emphasis role=\"strong\">T</emphasis> "
"instead of other's <emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis>)"
msgstr ""
"Il bit <emphasis role=\"strong\">sticky</emphasis> (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">t</emphasis> o <emphasis role=\"strong\">T</emphasis> al posto "
"del permesso <emphasis role=\"strong\">x</emphasis> degli altri)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1763
msgid ""
"Here the output of \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" for these bits is <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">capitalized</emphasis> if execution bits hidden by these "
"outputs are <emphasis role=\"strong\">unset</emphasis>."
msgstr ""
"Nell'output di \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" il valore di questi bit Ãš "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">maiuscolo</emphasis> se il bit di permesso di "
"esecuzione nascosto da essi Ãš <emphasis role=\"strong\"> non "
"impostato</emphasis>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1764
msgid ""
"Setting <emphasis role=\"strong\">set user ID</emphasis> on an executable "
"file allows a user to execute the executable file with the owner ID of the "
"file (for example <emphasis role=\"strong\">root</emphasis>).  Similarly, "
"setting <emphasis role=\"strong\">set group ID</emphasis> on an executable "
"file allows a user to execute the executable file with the group ID of the "
"file (for example <emphasis role=\"strong\">root</emphasis>).  Because these "
"settings can cause security risks, enabling them requires extra caution."
msgstr ""
"L'impostazione del bit <emphasis role=\"strong\">set user ID</emphasis> per un "
"file eseguibile permette ad un utente di eseguire quel file con l'ID del "
"proprietario del file (per esempio <emphasis role=\"strong\">root</emphasis>). "
"In modo simile, l'impostazione del bit <emphasis role=\"strong\">set group "
"ID</emphasis> per un file eseguibile permette ad un utente di eseguire il "
"file con l'ID del gruppo a cui appartiene il file (per esempio <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">root</emphasis>). Poiché l'impostazione di questi bit può "
"causare rischi in termini di sicurezza, il loro uso richiede una particolare "
"cautela."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1765
msgid ""
"Setting <emphasis role=\"strong\">set group ID</emphasis> on a directory "
"enables the <ulink url=\"&bsdlike;\">BSD-like</ulink> file creation scheme "
"where all files created in the directory belong to the <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">group</emphasis> of the directory."
msgstr ""
"L'impostazione del bit <emphasis role=\"strong\">set group ID</emphasis> per "
"una directory abilita lo schema di creazione di file in <ulink "
"url=\"&bsdlike;\">stile BSD</ulink>, in cui tutti i file creati nella "
"directory appartengono al <emphasis role=\"strong\">gruppo</emphasis> della "
"directory."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1766
msgid ""
"Setting the <emphasis role=\"strong\">sticky bit</emphasis> on a directory "
"prevents a file in the directory from being removed by a user who is not the "
"owner of the file.  In order to secure contents of a file in world-writable "
"directories such as \"<literal>/tmp</literal>\" or in group-writable "
"directories, one must not only reset the <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">write</emphasis> permission for the file but also set the "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">sticky bit</emphasis> on the directory.  "
"Otherwise, the file can be removed and a new file can be created with the "
"same name by any user who has write access to the directory."
msgstr ""
"L'impostazione dello <emphasis role=\"strong\">sticky bit</emphasis> per una "
"directory impedisce la rimozione di un file nella directory da parte "
"dell'utente che non ne Ãš il proprietario. Per preservare i contenuti di un "
"file in directory con permessi di scrittura per tutti, come "
"\"<literal>/tmp</literal>\" o in directory con permessi di scrittura per un "
"gruppo, non solo si deve impostare il permesso di <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">scrittura</emphasis> per il file, ma anche impostare lo "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">sticky bit</emphasis> per la directory. In caso "
"contrario, qualunque utente con i permessi di scrittura per la directory può "
"rimuovere il file crearne uno nuovo con lo stesso nome."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1767
msgid "Here are a few interesting examples of file permissions."
msgstr "Ecco alcuni interessanti esempi di permessi dei file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1768
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ ls -l /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /dev/ppp /usr/sbin/exim4\n"
"crw------- 1 root root   108, 0 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/ppp\n"
"-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     1427 2007-04-16 00:19 /etc/passwd\n"
"-rw-r----- 1 root shadow    943 2007-04-16 00:19 /etc/shadow\n"
"-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root   700056 2007-04-22 05:29 /usr/sbin/exim4\n"
"$ ls -ld /tmp /var/tmp /usr/local /var/mail /usr/src\n"
"drwxrwxrwt 10 root root  4096 2007-04-29 07:59 /tmp\n"
"drwxrwsr-x 10 root staff 4096 2007-03-24 18:48 /usr/local\n"
"drwxrwsr-x  4 root src   4096 2007-04-27 00:31 /usr/src\n"
"drwxrwsr-x  2 root mail  4096 2007-03-28 23:33 /var/mail\n"
"drwxrwxrwt  2 root root  4096 2007-04-29 07:11 /var/tmp"
msgstr ""
"$ ls -l /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /dev/ppp /usr/sbin/exim4\n"
"crw------- 1 root root   108, 0 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/ppp\n"
"-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     1427 2007-04-16 00:19 /etc/passwd\n"
"-rw-r----- 1 root shadow    943 2007-04-16 00:19 /etc/shadow\n"
"-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root   700056 2007-04-22 05:29 /usr/sbin/exim4\n"
"$ ls -ld /tmp /var/tmp /usr/local /var/mail /usr/src\n"
"drwxrwxrwt 10 root root  4096 2007-04-29 07:59 /tmp\n"
"drwxrwsr-x 10 root staff 4096 2007-03-24 18:48 /usr/local\n"
"drwxrwsr-x  4 root src   4096 2007-04-27 00:31 /usr/src\n"
"drwxrwsr-x  2 root mail  4096 2007-03-28 23:33 /var/mail\n"
"drwxrwxrwt  2 root root  4096 2007-04-29 07:11 /var/tmp"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1779
msgid ""
"There is an alternative numeric mode to describe file permissions with "
"<literal>chmod</literal>(1).  This numeric mode uses 3 to 4 digit wide octal "
"(radix=8) numbers."
msgstr ""
"Esiste un metodo numerico alternativo per descrivere i permessi dei file con "
"<literal>chmod</literal>(1); tale metodo numerico usa numero ottali "
"(base=8) di 3 o 4 cifre."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1781
msgid ""
"The numeric mode for file permissions in <literal>chmod</literal>(1) "
"commands"
msgstr ""
"Permessi in notazione numerica per i comandi <literal>chmod</literal>(1)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1788
msgid "digit"
msgstr "cifra"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1798
msgid "1st optional digit"
msgstr "1ª cifra opzionale"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1801
msgid ""
"sum of <emphasis role=\"strong\">set user ID</emphasis> (=4), <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">set group ID</emphasis> (=2), and <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">sticky bit</emphasis> (=1)"
msgstr ""
"somma di <emphasis role=\"strong\">set user ID</emphasis> (=4), <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">set group ID</emphasis> (=2) e <emphasis role=\"strong\">sticky "
"bit</emphasis> (=1)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1806
msgid "2nd digit"
msgstr "2ª cifra"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1809
msgid ""
"sum of <emphasis role=\"strong\">read</emphasis> (=4), <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">write</emphasis> (=2), and <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">execute</emphasis> (=1) permissions for <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">user</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"somma dei permessi di <emphasis role=\"strong\">lettura</emphasis> (=4), "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">scrittura</emphasis> (=2) e <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">esecuzione</emphasis> (=1) per l'<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">utente</emphasis>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1814
msgid "3rd digit"
msgstr "3ª cifra"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1817
msgid "ditto for <emphasis role=\"strong\">group</emphasis>"
msgstr "come sopra, ma per il<emphasis role=\"strong\">gruppo</emphasis>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1822
msgid "4th digit"
msgstr "4ª cifra"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1825
msgid "ditto for <emphasis role=\"strong\">other</emphasis>"
msgstr "come sopra, ma per gli <emphasis role=\"strong\">altri</emphasis>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1831
msgid ""
"This sounds complicated but it is actually quite simple.  If you look at the "
"first few (2-10) columns from \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" command output "
"and read it as a binary (radix=2) representation of file permissions (\"-\" "
"being \"0\" and \"rwx\" being \"1\"), the last 3 digit of the numeric mode "
"value should make sense as an octal (radix=8) representation of file "
"permissions to you."
msgstr ""
"Sembra complicato, ma Ãš in realtÃ  piuttosto semplice. Se si guardano le "
"prime colonne (2-10) nell'output del comando \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" e le "
"si leggono come una rappresentazione binaria (base=2) dei permessi sui file "
"(dove \"-\" equivale a \"0\" e \"rwx\" equivalgono a \"1\"), le ultime 3 cifre del "
"valore numerico dei permessi dovrebbero apparire come la corretta "
"rappresentazione dei permessi sui file in numerazione ottale (base=8)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1832 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2198 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3035 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3058 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3598 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4040 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4252 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4327 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4335 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4684 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4732 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4797 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4812 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13575 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16212 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19017 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24165
msgid "For example, try the following"
msgstr "Per esempio, provare a fare quanto segue."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1833
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ touch foo bar\n"
"$ chmod u=rw,go=r foo\n"
"$ chmod 644 bar\n"
"$ ls -l foo bar\n"
"-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:22 bar\n"
"-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 12 2007-04-29 08:22 foo"
msgstr ""
"$ touch pippo pluto\n"
"$ chmod u=rw,go=r pippo\n"
"$ chmod 644 pluto\n"
"$ ls -l pippo pluto\n"
"-rw-r--r-- 1 pinguin pinguino 17 2007-04-29 08:22 pippo\n"
"-rw-r--r-- 1 pinguin pinguino 12 2007-04-29 08:22 pluto"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1840
msgid ""
"If you need to access information displayed by \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" "
"in shell script, you should use pertinent commands such as "
"<literal>test</literal>(1), <literal>stat</literal>(1) and "
"<literal>readlink</literal>(1).  The shell builtin such as "
"\"<literal>[</literal>\" or \"<literal>test</literal>\" may be used too."
msgstr ""
"Se si deve aver accesso alle informazioni visualizzate da \"<literal>ls "
"-l</literal>\" in script di shell, si dovrebbero usare i comandi pertinenti, "
"come <literal>test</literal>(1), <literal>stat</literal>(1) e "
"<literal>readlink</literal>(1). Si possono usare anche i comandi interni "
"della shell come \"<literal>[</literal>\" o \"<literal>test</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1844
msgid "Control of permissions for newly created files: umask"
msgstr "Controlle dei permessi per i file appena creati: umask"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1845
msgid ""
"What permissions are applied to a newly created file or directory is "
"restricted by the <literal>umask</literal> shell builtin command.  See "
"<literal>dash</literal>(1), <literal>bash</literal>(1), and "
"<literal>builtins</literal>(7)."
msgstr ""
"I permessi che vengono applicati ad un file o una directory appena creati "
"sono limitati dal comando interno della shell <literal>umask</literal>. "
"Vedere <literal>dash</literal>(1), <literal>bash</literal>(1) e "
"<literal>builtins</literal>(7)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1846
#, no-wrap
msgid " (file permissions) = (requested file permissions) &amp; ~(umask value)"
msgstr ""
"(permessi del file) = (permessi del file richiesti) &amp; ~(valore di umask)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1848
msgid "The <emphasis role=\"strong\">umask</emphasis> value examples"
msgstr "Esempi di valori di <emphasis role=\"strong\">umask</emphasis>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1857
msgid "umask"
msgstr "umask"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1860
msgid "file permissions created"
msgstr "permessi dei file creati"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1863
msgid "directory permissions created"
msgstr "permessi delle directory create"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1866 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26393
msgid "usage"
msgstr "uso"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1873
msgid "<literal>0022</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>0022</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1876 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9940 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9974
msgid "<literal>-rw-r--r--</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>-rw-r--r--</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1879
msgid "<literal>-rwxr-xr-x</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>-rwxr-xr-x</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1882
msgid "writable only by the user"
msgstr "scrivibile solo dall'utente"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1887
msgid "<literal>0002</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>0002</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1890
msgid "<literal>-rw-rw-r--</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>-rw-rw-r--</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1893
msgid "<literal>-rwxrwxr-x</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>-rwxrwxr-x</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1896
msgid "writable by the group"
msgstr "scrivibile solo dal gruppo"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1902
msgid ""
"The Debian system uses a user private group (UPG) scheme as its default. A "
"UPG is created whenever a new user is added to the system. A UPG has the "
"same name as the user for which it was created and that user is the only "
"member of the UPG. UPG scheme makes it is safe to set umask to "
"<literal>0002</literal> since every user has their own private group.  (In "
"some Unix variants, it is quite common to setup all normal users belonging "
"to a single <emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>users</literal></emphasis> "
"group and is good idea to set umask to <literal>0022</literal> for security "
"in such cases.)"
msgstr ""
"Il sistema Debian usa, in modo predefinito, uno schema UPG (User Private "
"Group, gruppo privato dell'utente). Ogni volta che viene aggiunto un nuovo "
"utente al sistema, viene creato un UPG; questo ha lo stesso nome dell'utente "
"per il quale Ãš stato creato e quell'utente Ãš l'unico membro dell'UPG. Lo "
"schema UPG rende sicura l'impostazione della umask a <literal>0002</literal> "
"dato che ogni utente ha il proprio gruppo privato. (In alcune varianti di "
"Unix Ãš abbastanza comune impostare tutti gli utenti normali come "
"appartenenti ad un unico gruppo <emphasis role=\"strong\">users<literal> ed Ãš "
"in quel caso una buona idea impostare umask a </literal>0022</emphasis> per "
"ragioni di sicurezza.)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1905
msgid "Permissions for groups of users (group)"
msgstr "Permessi per gruppi di utenti (gruppi)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1906
msgid ""
"In order to make group permissions to be applied to a particular user, that "
"user needs to be made a member of the group using \"<literal>sudo "
"vigr</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Per far sì che i permessi di un gruppo siano applicati ad un particolare "
"utente, tale utente deve essere inserito come membro del gruppo usando "
"\"<literal>sudo vigr</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1908
msgid ""
"Alternatively, you may dynamically add users to groups during the "
"authentication process by adding \"<literal>auth optional "
"pam_group.so</literal>\" line to "
"\"<literal>/etc/pam.d/common-auth</literal>\" and setting "
"\"<literal>/etc/security/group.conf</literal>\".  (See <xref "
"linkend=\"_authentication\"/>.)"
msgstr ""
"In alternativa, si possono aggiungere dinamicamente gli utenti ai gruppi "
"durante il processo di autenticazione aggiungendo la riga \"<literal>auth "
"optional pam_group.so</literal>\" al file \"<literal>/etc/pam.d/common-"
"auth</literal>\" e configurando "
"\"<literal>/etc/security/group.conf</literal>\". (Vedere <xref "
"linkend=\"_authentication\"/>.)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1910
msgid ""
"The hardware devices are just another kind of file on the Debian system.  If "
"you have problems accessing devices such as CD-ROM and USB memory stick from "
"a user account, you should make that user a member of the relevant group."
msgstr ""
"I dispositivi hardware sono, in un sistema Debian, semplicemente un altro "
"tipo di file. Se si hanno problemi ad accedere a dispositivi quali CD-ROM e "
"chiavette USB da un account utente, si dovrebbe inserire quell'utente nel "
"gruppo appropriato."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1911
msgid ""
"Some notable system-provided groups allow their members to access particular "
"files and devices without <literal>root</literal> privilege."
msgstr ""
"Alcuni importanti gruppi pre-impostati dal sistema permettono ai loro membri "
"l'accesso a file e device particolari senza i privilegi di "
"<literal>root</literal>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1913
msgid "List of notable system-provided groups for file access"
msgstr "Elenco dei principali gruppi forniti dal sistema per accesso ai file"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1920 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2007 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9927
msgid "group"
msgstr "gruppo"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1923
msgid "description for accessible files and devices"
msgstr "descrizione dei file e device accessibili"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1930
msgid "<literal>dialout</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>dialout</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1933
msgid ""
"full and direct access to serial ports "
"(\"<literal>/dev/ttyS[0-3]</literal>\")"
msgstr ""
"accesso diretto e completo alle porte seriali "
"(\"<literal>/dev/ttyS[0-3]</literal>\")"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1938
msgid "<literal>dip</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>dip</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1941
msgid ""
"limited access to serial ports for <emphasis role=\"strong\">Dialup "
"IP</emphasis> connection to trusted peers"
msgstr ""
"accesso limitato alle porte seriali per connessione <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">IP dialup</emphasis> a peer fidati"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1946
msgid "<literal>cdrom</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>cdrom</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1949
msgid "CD-ROM, DVD+/-RW drives"
msgstr "unità CD-ROM, DVD+/-RW"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1954
msgid "<literal>audio</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>audio</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1957
msgid "audio device"
msgstr "device audio"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1962
msgid "<literal>video</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>video</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1965
msgid "video device"
msgstr "device video"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1970
msgid "<literal>scanner</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>scanner</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1973
msgid "scanner(s)"
msgstr "scanner"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1978
msgid "<literal>adm</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>adm</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1981
msgid "system monitoring logs"
msgstr "registri di monitoraggio del sistema"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1986
msgid "<literal>staff</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>staff</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1989
msgid ""
"some directories for junior administrative work: "
"\"<literal>/usr/local</literal>\", \"<literal>/home</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"alcune directory per compiti minori di amministrazione: "
"\"\"<literal>/usr/local</literal>\", \"<literal>/home</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1996
msgid ""
"You need to belong to the <literal>dialout</literal> group to reconfigure "
"modem, dial anywhere, etc.  But if <literal>root</literal> creates "
"pre-defined configuration files for trusted peers in "
"\"<literal>/etc/ppp/peers/</literal>\", you only need to belong to the "
"<literal>dip</literal> group to create <emphasis role=\"strong\">Dialup "
"IP</emphasis> connection to those trusted peers using "
"<literal>pppd</literal>(8), <literal>pon</literal>(1), and "
"<literal>poff</literal>(1) commands."
msgstr ""
"È necessario far parte del gruppo <literal>dialout</literal> per "
"riconfigurare il modem, comporre numeri, ecc. Se però "
"<literal>root</literal> crea file di configurazione predefiniti per i peer "
"fidati in \"<literal>/etc/ppp/peers/</literal>\", Ãš necessario solamente far "
"parte del grupo <literal>dip</literal> per creare una connessione <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">IP dialup</emphasis> a tali peer fidati usando i comandi "
"<literal>pppd</literal>(8), <literal>pon</literal>(1) e "
"<literal>poff</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:1998
msgid ""
"Some notable system-provided groups allow their members to execute "
"particular commands without <literal>root</literal> privilege."
msgstr ""
"Alcuni importanti gruppi pre-impostati dal sistema permettono ai loro membri "
"di eseguire particolari comandi senza i privilegi di "
"<literal>root</literal>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2000
msgid "List of notable system provided groups for particular command executions"
msgstr ""
"Elenco dei principali gruppi forniti dal sistema per l'esecuzione di "
"particolari comandi"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2010
msgid "accessible commands"
msgstr "comandi accessibili"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2017
msgid "<literal>sudo</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>sudo</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2020
msgid "execute <literal>sudo</literal> without their password"
msgstr "eseguire <literal>sudo</literal> senza password"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2025
msgid "<literal>lpadmin</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>lpadmin</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2028
msgid "execute commands to add, modify, and remove printers from printer databases"
msgstr ""
"eseguire comandi per aggiungere, modificare e rimuovere stampanti dal "
"database delle stampanti"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2033
msgid "<literal>plugdev</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>plugdev</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2036
msgid ""
"execute <literal>pmount</literal>(1) for removable devices such as USB "
"memories"
msgstr ""
"eseguire <literal>pmount</literal>(1) per dispositivi removibili come "
"memorie USB"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2042
msgid ""
"For the full listing of the system provided users and groups, see the recent "
"version of the \"Users and Groups\" document in "
"\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html</literal>\" "
"provided by the <literal>base-passwd</literal> package."
msgstr ""
"Per l'elenco completo degli utenti e gruppi forniti dal sistema, vedere la "
"recente versione del documento \"Utenti e gruppi\" in \"<literal>/usr/share/doc"
"/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html</literal>\" fornito dal pacchetto <literal"
">base-passwd</literal>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2043
msgid ""
"See <literal>passwd</literal>(5), <literal>group</literal>(5), "
"<literal>shadow</literal>(5), <literal>newgrp</literal>(1), "
"<literal>vipw</literal>(8), <literal>vigr</literal>(8), and "
"<literal>pam_group</literal>(8) for management commands of the user and "
"group system."
msgstr ""
"Vedere <literal>passwd</literal>(5), <literal>group</literal>(5), "
"<literal>shadow</literal>(5), <literal>newgrp</literal>(1), "
"<literal>vipw</literal>(8), <literal>vigr</literal>(8) e "
"<literal>pam_group</literal>(8) per informazioni sui comandi di gestione di "
"utenti e gruppi sul sistema."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2046
msgid "Timestamps"
msgstr "Orari"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2047
msgid "There are three types of timestamps for a GNU/Linux file."
msgstr "Ci sono tre tipi di orari per un file GNU/Linux."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2049
msgid "List of types of timestamps"
msgstr "Elenco dei tipi di data"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2056 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11235 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13836 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14767 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15120 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16474 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17522 debian-reference.en.xmlt:17810
msgid "type"
msgstr "tipo"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2066
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">mtime</emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">mtime</emphasis>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2069
msgid "the file modification time (<literal>ls -l</literal>)"
msgstr "orario di modifica del file (<literal>ls -l</literal>)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2074
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2077
msgid "the file status change time (<literal>ls -lc</literal>)"
msgstr "orario di cambiamento di stato del file (<literal>ls -lc</literal>)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2082
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2085
msgid "the last file access time (<literal>ls -lu</literal>)"
msgstr "orario dell'ultimo accesso al file (<literal>ls -lu</literal>)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2092
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis> is not file creation time."
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis> non Ãš l'orario di creazione del "
"file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2097
msgid ""
"Overwriting a file changes all of the <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">mtime</emphasis>, <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis>, and <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> attributes of the file."
msgstr ""
"La sovrascrittura di un file cambia tutti gli attributi <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">mtime</emphasis>, <emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis> e "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> del file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2102
msgid ""
"Changing ownership or permission of a file changes the <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis> and <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> attributes of the file."
msgstr ""
"Il cambiamento del proprietario o dei permessi di un file cambia gli "
"attributi <emphasis role=\"strong\">ctime</emphasis> e <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> del file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2107
msgid ""
"Reading a file changes the <emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> of the "
"file."
msgstr ""
"La lettura di un file cambia l'attributo <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> di un file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2112
msgid ""
"Even simply reading a file on the Debian system normally causes a file write "
"operation to update <emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> information "
"in the <emphasis role=\"strong\">inode</emphasis>.  Mounting a filesystem "
"with \"<literal>noatime</literal>\" or \"<literal>relatime</literal>\" "
"option makes the system skip this operation and results in faster file "
"access for the read. This is often recommended for laptops, because it "
"reduces hard drive activity and saves power. See "
"<literal>mount</literal>(8)."
msgstr ""
"Persino la semplice lettura di un file su un sistema Debian genera "
"normalmente un'operazione di scrittura sul file per aggiornare "
"l'informazione <emphasis role=\"strong\">atime</emphasis> nell'<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">inode</emphasis>. Montando un file system con le opzioni "
"\"<literal>noatime</literal>\" o \"<literal>relatime</literal>\" fa sì che il "
"sistema salti questa operazione e ciò ha come risultato un accesso ai file "
"in lettura più veloce. Viene spesso raccomandato per i portatili, perché "
"riduce l'attività del disco fisso e fa risparmiare energia. Vedere "
"<literal>mount</literal>(8)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2114
msgid ""
"Use <literal>touch</literal>(1) command to change timestamps of existing "
"files."
msgstr ""
"Usare il comando <literal>touch</literal>(1) per cambiare l'orario di file "
"esistenti."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2115
msgid ""
"For timestamps, the <literal>ls</literal> command outputs different strings "
"under the modern English locale (\"<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>\") from "
"under the old one (\"<literal>C</literal>\")."
msgstr ""
"Per gli orari, il comando <literal>ls</literal> produce stringhe diverse con "
"la moderna  localizzazione in inglese (\"<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>\") "
"rispetto alla vecchia (\"<literal>C</literal>\")."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2116
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ LANG=en_US.UTF-8  ls -l foo\n"
"-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 3 2008-03-05 00:47 foo\n"
"$ LANG=C  ls -l foo\n"
"-rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 3 Mar  5 00:47 foo"
msgstr ""
"$ LANG=en_US.UTF-8  ls -l pippo\n"
"-rw-r--r-- 1 pinguino pinguino 3 2008-03-05 00:47 pippo\n"
"$ LANG=C  ls -l pippo\n"
"-rw-r--r-- 1 pinguino pinguino 3 Mar  5 00:47 pippo"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2121
msgid ""
"See <xref linkend=\"_customized_display_of_time_and_date\"/> to customize "
"\"<literal>ls -l</literal>\" output."
msgstr ""
"Vedere <xref linkend=\"_customized_display_of_time_and_date\"/> per "
"personalizzare l'output di \"<literal>ls -l</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2125
msgid "Links"
msgstr "Collegamenti"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2126
msgid ""
"There are two methods of associating a file \"<literal>foo</literal>\" with "
"a different filename \"<literal>bar</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Ci sono due metodi per associale un file \"<literal>pippo</literal>\" ad un "
"diverso nome file \"<literal>pluto</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2130
msgid "<ulink url=\"&hardlink;\">Hard link</ulink>"
msgstr "<ulink url=\"&hardlink;\">Collegamento fisico</ulink>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2135
msgid "Duplicate name for an existing file"
msgstr "Nome duplicato per un file esistente"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2140
msgid "\"<literal>ln foo bar</literal>\""
msgstr "\"<literal>ln pippo pluto</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2147
msgid "<ulink url=\"&symboliclinkorsymlink;\">Symbolic link or symlink</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"<ulink url=\"&symboliclinkorsymlink;\">Collegamento simbolico o "
"symlink</ulink>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2152
msgid "Special file that points to another file by name"
msgstr "File speciale che punta ad un altro file in base al nome"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2157
msgid "\"<literal>ln -s foo bar</literal>\""
msgstr "\"<literal>ln -s pippo pluto</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2163
msgid ""
"See the following example for changes in link counts and the subtle "
"differences in the result of the <literal>rm</literal> command."
msgstr ""
"Vedere l'esempio seguente per notare i cambiamenti nel conteggio dei "
"collegamenti e le sottili differenze tra i risultati del comando "
"<literal>rm</literal>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2164
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ echo \"Original Content\" &gt; foo\n"
"$ ls -li foo\n"
"2398521 -rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 foo\n"
"$ ln foo bar     # hard link\n"
"$ ln -s foo baz  # symlink\n"
"$ ls -li foo bar baz\n"
"2398521 -rw-r--r-- 2 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 bar\n"
"2398538 lrwxrwxrwx 1 penguin penguin  3 2007-04-29 08:16 baz -&gt; foo\n"
"2398521 -rw-r--r-- 2 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 foo\n"
"$ rm foo\n"
"$ echo \"New Content\" &gt; foo\n"
"$ ls -li foo bar baz\n"
"2398521 -rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 17 2007-04-29 08:15 bar\n"
"2398538 lrwxrwxrwx 1 penguin penguin  3 2007-04-29 08:16 baz -&gt; foo\n"
"2398540 -rw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 12 2007-04-29 08:17 foo\n"
"$ cat bar\n"
"Original Content\n"
"$ cat baz\n"
"New Content"
msgstr ""
"$ echo \"Contenuti originali\" &gt; pippo\n"
"$ ls -li pippo\n"
"2398521 -rw-r--r-- 1 pinguino pinguino 20 2007-04-29 08:15 pippo\n"
"$ ln pippo pluto     # collegamento fisico\n"
"$ ln -s pippo paperino  # collegamento simbolico\n"
"$ ls -li pippo pluto paperino\n"
"2398538 lrwxrwxrwx 1 pinguino pinguino  3 2007-04-29 08:16 paperino -&gt; "
"pippo\n"
"2398521 -rw-r--r-- 2 pinguino pinguino 20 2007-04-29 08:15 pippo\n"
"2398521 -rw-r--r-- 2 pinguino pinguino 20 2007-04-29 08:15 pluto\n"
"$ rm pippo\n"
"$ echo \"Nuovi contenuti\" &gt; pippo\n"
"$ ls -li pippo pluto paperino\n"
"2398538 lrwxrwxrwx 1 pinguino pinguino  3 2007-04-29 08:16 paperino -&gt; "
"pippo\n"
"2398540 -rw-r--r-- 1 pinguino pinguino 16 2007-04-29 08:17 pippo\n"
"2398521 -rw-r--r-- 1 pinguino pinguino 20 2007-04-29 08:15 pluto\n"
"$ cat pluto\n"
"Contenuti originali\n"
"$ cat paperino\n"
"Nuovi contenuti"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2183
msgid ""
"The hardlink can be made within the same filesystem and shares the same "
"inode number which the \"<literal>-i</literal>\" option with "
"<literal>ls</literal>(1)  reveals."
msgstr ""
"Il collegamento fisico può essere creato all'interno dello stesso file "
"system e condivide uno stesso numero di inode, come rivela l'opzione "
"\"<literal>-i</literal>\" di <literal>ls</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2184
msgid ""
"The symlink always has nominal file access permissions of "
"\"<literal>rwxrwxrwx</literal>\", as shown in the above example, with the "
"effective access permissions dictated by permissions of the file that it "
"points to."
msgstr ""
"Il collegamento simbolico ha sempre permissi di accesso nominali "
"\"<literal>rwxrwxrwx</literal>, come mostrato nell'esempio precedente, ma con "
"gli effettivi permessi di accesso stabiliti dai permessi del file a cui "
"punta."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><caution><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2186
msgid ""
"It is generally good idea not to create complicated symbolic links or "
"hardlinks at all unless you have a very good reason.  It may cause "
"nightmares where the logical combination of the symbolic links results in "
"loops in the filesystem."
msgstr ""
"In generale Ãš una buona idea non creare collegamenti simbolici complicati o "
"non creare collegamenti fisici per nulla, a meno di non avere una ragione "
"molto buona per farlo. Possono diventare degli incubi quando la combinazione "
"logica dei collegamenti simbolici crea cicli ricorsivi nel file system."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2189
msgid ""
"It is generally preferable to use symbolic links rather than hardlinks "
"unless you have a good reason for using a hardlink."
msgstr ""
"È in generale preferibile usare collegamenti simbolici piuttosto che fisici, "
"a meno che non sia abbia una buona ragione per usare un collegamento "
"fisico."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2191
msgid ""
"The \"<literal>.</literal>\" directory links to the directory that it "
"appears in, thus the link count of any new directory starts at 2.  The "
"\"<literal>..</literal>\" directory links to the parent directory, thus the "
"link count of the directory increases with the addition of new "
"subdirectories."
msgstr ""
"La directory \"<literal>.</literal>\" punta alla directory in cui appare, "
"perciò il conteggio dei collegamenti per ogni nuova directory inizia da 2. "
"La directory \"<literal>..</literal>\" punta alla directory genitore, perciò "
"il conteggio dei collegamenti di una directory aumenta con l'aggiunta di "
"nuove sottodirectory."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2192
msgid ""
"If you are just moving to Linux from Windows, it soon becomes clear how "
"well-designed the filename linking of Unix is, compared with the nearest "
"Windows equivalent of \"shortcuts\".  Because it is implemented in the "
"filesystem, applications can't see any difference between a linked file and "
"the original. In the case of hardlinks, there really is no difference."
msgstr ""
"Se si Ãš appena passati da Windows a Linux, appare presto chiaro come sia ben "
"progettato il collegamento dei nomi di file in Unix se paragonato con i "
"collegamenti in ambiente Windows che sono l'equivalente più prossimo in quel "
"sistema. Dato che sono implementati nel file system, le applicazioni non "
"possono vedere alcuna differenza tra un file collegamento ed un originale. "
"Nel caso di collegamenti fisici, non c'Ãš realmente nessuna differenza."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2195
msgid "Named pipes (FIFOs)"
msgstr "Pipe con nome (FIFO)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2196
msgid ""
"A <ulink url=\"&namedpipe;\">named pipe</ulink> is a file that acts like a "
"pipe.  You put something into the file, and it comes out the other end.  "
"Thus it's called a FIFO, or First-In-First-Out: the first thing you put in "
"the pipe is the first thing to come out the other end."
msgstr ""
"Una <ulink url=\"&namedpipe;\">pipe con nome</ulink> Ãš un file che si comporta "
"da pipe. Si mette qualcosa dentro il file e questa cosa esce dall'altra "
"parte. Questa Ãš chiamata una FIFO (First-In-First_Out, primo ad entrare-"
"primo ad uscire): la prima cosa che viene immessa nella pipe Ãš la prima ad "
"uscire dall'altra estremità."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2197
msgid ""
"If you write to a named pipe, the process which is writing to the pipe "
"doesn't terminate until the information being written is read from the "
"pipe.  If you read from a named pipe, the reading process waits until there "
"is nothing to read before terminating.  The size of the pipe is always zero "
"--- it does not store data, it just links two processes like the shell "
"\"<literal>|</literal>\".  However, since this pipe has a name, the two "
"processes don't have to be on the same command line or even be run by the "
"same user. Pipes were a very influential innovation of Unix."
msgstr ""
"Se si scrive su una pipe con nome, il processo che sta eseguendo la "
"scrittura nella pipe non termina fino a che l'informazione scritta nella "
"pipe non viene letta. Se si legge da una pipe con nome, il processo di "
"lettura attende che non ci sia più nulla da leggere prima di terminare. La "
"dimensione della pipe Ãš sempre zero: non archivia dati, ma semplicemente "
"collega due processi come la pipe \"<literal>|</literal>\" di shell. Tuttavia, "
"dato che questa pipe ha un nome, i due processi non devono essere nella "
"stessa riga di comando e nemmeno essere eseguiti dallo stesso utente. Le "
"pipe sono un'innovazione di Unix di grandissimo impatto."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2199
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ cd; mkfifo mypipe\n"
"$ echo \"hello\" &gt;mypipe &amp; # put into background\n"
"[1] 8022\n"
"$ ls -l mypipe\n"
"prw-r--r-- 1 penguin penguin 0 2007-04-29 08:25 mypipe\n"
"$ cat mypipe\n"
"hello\n"
"[1]+  Done                    echo \"hello\" &gt;mypipe\n"
"$ ls mypipe\n"
"mypipe\n"
"$ rm mypipe"
msgstr ""
"$ cd; mkfifo miapipe\n"
"$ echo \"hello\" &gt;miapipe &amp; # messo sullo sfondo\n"
"[1] 8022\n"
"$ ls -l miapipe\n"
"prw-r--r-- 1 pinguino pinguino 0 2007-04-29 08:25 miapipe\n"
"$ cat miapipe\n"
"hello\n"
"[1]+  Done                    echo \"hello\" &gt;miapipe\n"
"$ ls miapipe\n"
"miapipe\n"
"$ rm miapipe"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2212
msgid "Sockets"
msgstr "Socket"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2213
msgid ""
"Sockets are used extensively by all the Internet communication, databases, "
"and the operating system itself. It is similar to the named pipe (FIFO) and "
"allows processes to exchange information even between different computers.  "
"For the socket, those processes do not need to be running at the same time "
"nor to be running as the children of the same ancestor process.  This is the "
"endpoint for <ulink url=\"&theinterprocesscommunicationipc;\">the inter "
"process communication (IPC)</ulink>.  The exchange of information may occur "
"over the network between different hosts.  The two most common ones are "
"<ulink url=\"&theinternetsocket;\">the Internet socket</ulink> and <ulink "
"url=\"&theunixdomainsocket;\">the Unix domain socket</ulink>."
msgstr ""
"I socket sono usati moltissimo da tutte le comunicazioni Internet, da "
"database e dal sistema operativo stesso. Sono simili alle pipe con nome "
"(FIFO) e permettono ai processi di scambiare informazioni anche tra computer "
"diversi. Per un socket, non Ãš necessario che questi processi siano in "
"esecuzione contemporaneamente, né di essere eseguiti come processi figli di "
"uno stesso processo antenato. Questo Ãš il punto culminante della <ulink "
"url=\"&theinterprocesscommunicationipc;\">comunicazione tra processi "
"(IPC)</ulink>. Lo scambio di informazioni può avvenire sulla rete tra host "
"diversi. I due più comuni sono il <ulink url=\"&theinternetsocket;\">socket "
"Internet</ulink> e gli <ulink url=\"&theunixdomainsocket;\">Unix domain "
"socket</ulink>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2215
msgid ""
"\"<literal>netstat -an</literal>\" provides a very useful overview of "
"sockets that are open on a given system."
msgstr ""
"\"<literal>netstat -an</literal>\" fornisce una vista d'insieme molto utile "
"dei socket aperti su un dato sistema."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2219
msgid "Device files"
msgstr "File di device"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2220
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"&devicefiles;\">Device files</ulink> refer to physical or "
"virtual devices on your system, such as your hard disk, video card, screen, "
"or keyboard.  An example of a virtual device is the console, represented by "
"\"<literal>/dev/console</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"I <ulink url=\"&devicefiles;\">file di device</ulink> fanno riferimento a "
"dispositivi fisici o virtuali sul sistema, come i dischi fissi, la scheda "
"video, lo schermo o la tastiera. Un esempio di dispositivo virtuale Ãš la "
"console, rappresentata da \"<literal>/dev/console</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2221
msgid "There are 2 types of device files."
msgstr "Ci sono 2 tipi di file di device."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2225
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Character device</emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Device a caratteri</emphasis>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2230
msgid "Accessed one character at a time"
msgstr "Vi si accede un carattere alla volta."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2235
msgid "1 character = 1 byte"
msgstr "1 carattere = 1 byte"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2240
msgid "E.g. keyboard device, serial port, â€Š"
msgstr "Es., device della tastiera, porta seriale, ..."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2247
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Block device</emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Device a blocchi</emphasis>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2252
msgid "accessed in larger units called blocks"
msgstr "Vi si accede in base a unità più grandi chiamate blocchi."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2257
msgid "1 block &gt; 1 byte"
msgstr "1 blocco &gt; 1 byte"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2262
msgid "E.g. hard disk, â€Š"
msgstr "Es., dischi fissi, ..."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2268
msgid ""
"You can read and write device files, though the file may well contain binary "
"data which may be an incomprehensible-to-humans gibberish.  Writing data "
"directly to these files is sometimes useful for the troubleshooting of "
"hardware connections.  For example, you can dump a text file to the printer "
"device \"<literal>/dev/lp0</literal>\" or send modem commands to the "
"appropriate serial port \"<literal>/dev/ttyS0</literal>\".  But, unless this "
"is done carefully, it may cause a major disaster.  So be cautious."
msgstr ""
"I file di device possono essere letti e scritti, anche se Ãš probabile che i "
"file contengano dati binari che appaiono come farfuglii incomprensibili per "
"le persone. La scrittura diretta di dati in questi file Ãš utile a volte per "
"trovare la soluzione a problemi con le connessioni hardware. Si può, per "
"esempio, fare il dump di un file di testo in un device di stampa "
"\"<literal>/dev/lp0</literal>\" o inviare comandi del modem alla porta seriale "
"appropriata \"<literal>/dev/ttyS0</literal>\". Ma, a meno che ciò non venga "
"fatto con cautela, può causare grandissimi disastri. Perciò essere prudenti."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2270
msgid "For the normal access to a printer, use <literal>lp</literal>(1)."
msgstr ""
"Per il normale accesso ad una stampante, usare <literal>lp</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2272
msgid ""
"The device node number are displayed by executing <literal>ls</literal>(1) "
"as the following."
msgstr ""
"I numeri di nodo dei device sono visualizzati se si esegue "
"<literal>ls</literal>(1) come nell'esempio seguente."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2273
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ ls -l /dev/hda /dev/ttyS0 /dev/zero\n"
"brw-rw---- 1 root cdrom   3,  0 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/hda\n"
"crw-rw---- 1 root dialout 4, 64 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/ttyS0\n"
"crw-rw-rw- 1 root root    1,  5 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/zero"
msgstr ""
"$ ls -l /dev/hda /dev/ttyS0 /dev/zero\n"
"brw-rw---- 1 root cdrom   3,  0 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/hda\n"
"crw-rw---- 1 root dialout 4, 64 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/ttyS0\n"
"crw-rw-rw- 1 root root    1,  5 2007-04-29 07:00 /dev/zero"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2280
msgid ""
"\"<literal>/dev/hda</literal>\" has the major device number 3 and the minor "
"device number 0.  This is read/write accessible by the user who belongs to "
"<literal>cdrom</literal> group."
msgstr ""
"\"<literal>/dev/hda</literal>\" ha major number del device 3 e minor number "
"del device 0. È accessibile in lettura e scrittura dagli utenti che "
"appartengono al gruppo <literal>cdrom</literal>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2285
msgid ""
"\"<literal>/dev/ttyS0</literal>\" has the major device number 4 and the "
"minor device number 64.  This is read/write accessible by the user who "
"belongs to <literal>dialout</literal> group."
msgstr ""
"\"<literal>/dev/ttyS0</literal>\" ha major number del device 4 e minor number "
"del device 64. È accessibile in lettura e scrittura dagli utenti che "
"appartengono al gruppo <literal>dialout</literal>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2290
msgid ""
"\"<literal>/dev/zero</literal>\" has the major device number 1 and the minor "
"device number 5.  This is read/write accessible by anyone."
msgstr ""
"\"<literal>/dev/zero</literal>\" ha major number del device 1 e minor number "
"del device 5. È accessibile in lettura e scrittura da chiunque."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2294
msgid ""
"In the Linux 2.6 system, the filesystem under \"<literal>/dev/</literal>\" "
"is automatically populated by the <literal>udev</literal>(7) mechanism."
msgstr ""
"Nei sistemi Linux 2.6 il file system sotto \"<literal>/dev</literal>\" viene "
"popolato automaticamente dal meccanismo <literal>udev</literal>(7)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2297
msgid "Special device files"
msgstr "File di device speciali"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2298
msgid "There are some special device files."
msgstr "Ci sono alcuni file di device speciali."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2300
msgid "List of special device files"
msgstr "Elenco di file dei device speciali"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2308
msgid "device file"
msgstr "file di device"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2311 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2963 debian-reference.en.xmlt:7290 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12272 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12874
msgid "action"
msgstr "azione"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2314 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20134
msgid "description of response"
msgstr "descrizione della risposta"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2321 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2332
msgid "<literal>/dev/null</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>/dev/null</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2324 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2346 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2357 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2368
msgid "read"
msgstr "lettura"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2327
msgid "return \"end-of-file (EOF) character\""
msgstr "restituisce il \"carattere EOF (End of File, fine del file)\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2335 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2379
msgid "write"
msgstr "scrittura"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2338
msgid "return nothing (a bottomless data dump pit)"
msgstr "non ritorna nulla (un pozzo senza fondo in cui buttare via dati)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2343
msgid "<literal>/dev/zero</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>/dev/zero</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2349
msgid ""
"return \"the <literal>\\0</literal> (NUL) character\" (not the same as the "
"number zero ASCII)"
msgstr ""
"ritorna il \"carattere <literal>\\0</literal> (NUL)\", diverso dal numero zero "
"in ASCII"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2354
msgid "<literal>/dev/random</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>/dev/random</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2360
msgid ""
"return random characters from a true random number generator, delivering "
"real entropy (slow)"
msgstr ""
"ritorna caratteri a caso da un vero generatore di numeri casuali che dà "
"reale entropia (lento)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2365
msgid "<literal>/dev/urandom</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>/dev/urandom</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2371
msgid ""
"return random characters from a cryptographically secure pseudorandom number "
"generator"
msgstr ""
"ritorna caratteri casuali da un generatore di numeri pseudocasuali "
"crittograficamente sicuro"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2376
msgid "<literal>/dev/full</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>/dev/full</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2382
msgid "return the disk-full (ENOSPC) error"
msgstr "ritorna l'errore di disco pieno (ENOSPC)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2388
msgid ""
"These are frequently used in conjunction with the shell redirection (see "
"<xref linkend=\"_typical_command_sequences_and_shell_redirection\"/>)."
msgstr ""
"Sono spesso usati insieme alla redirezione di shell (vedere <xref "
"linkend=\"_typical_command_sequences_and_shell_redirection\"/>)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2391
msgid "procfs and sysfs"
msgstr "procfs e sysfs"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2392
msgid ""
"The <ulink url=\"&procfs;\">procfs</ulink> and <ulink "
"url=\"&sysfs;\">sysfs</ulink> mounted on \"<literal>/proc</literal>\" and "
"\"<literal>/sys</literal>\" are the pseudo-filesystem and expose internal "
"data structures of the kernel to the userspace.  In other word, these "
"entries are virtual, meaning that they act as a convenient window into the "
"operation of the operating system."
msgstr ""
"<ulink url=\"&procfs;\">procfs</ulink> e <ulink url=\"&sysfs;\">sysfs</ulink>, "
"montati in \"<literal>/proc</literal>\" e \"<literal>/sys</literal>\" sono "
"pseudo-file system ed espongono strutture interne di dati del kernel nello "
"spazio utente. In altre parole, queste voci sono virtuali, funzionano cioÃš "
"come una comoda finestra sul funzionamento del sistema operativo."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2393
msgid ""
"The directory \"<literal>/proc</literal>\" contains (among other things) one "
"subdirectory for each process running on the system, which is named after "
"the process ID (PID). System utilities that access process information, such "
"as <literal>ps</literal>(1), get their information from this directory "
"structure."
msgstr ""
"La directory \"<literal>/proc</literal>\" contiene (tra le altre cose) una "
"sottodirectory per ciascun processo in esecuzione sul sistema che prende "
"nome dall'ID del processo (PID). Le utilità di sistema, come "
"<literal>ps</literal>(1), che accedono alle informazioni sui processi, "
"ottengono le loro informazioni da questa struttura di directory."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2394
msgid ""
"The directories under \"<literal>/proc/sys/</literal>\" contain interface to "
"change certain kernel parameters at run time.  (You may do the same through "
"specialized <literal>sysctl</literal>(8) command or its "
"preload/configuration file \"<literal>/etc/sysctrl.conf</literal>\".)"
msgstr ""
"Le directory in \"<literal>/proc/sys/</literal>\" contengono interfacce per "
"cambiare certi parametri del kernel durante l'esecuzione. (Si può fare la "
"stessa cosa tramite comandi <literal>sysctl</literal>(8) specifici o tramite "
"il suo file di precaricamento/configurazione "
"\"<literal>/etc/sysctrl.conf</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2396
msgid ""
"The Linux kernel may complain \"Too many open files\".  You can fix this by "
"increasing \"<literal>file-max</literal>\" value to a larger value from the "
"root shell, e.g., \"<literal>echo \"65536\" &gt; "
"/proc/sys/fs/file-max</literal>\" (This was needed on older kernels)."
msgstr ""
"Il kernel Linux può lamentarsi con un messaggio \"Too many open files\" "
"(troppi file aperti). Si può risolvere questo problema aumentando il valore "
"di \"<literal>file-max</literal>\" dalla shell di root, per esempio con "
"\"<literal>echo \"65536\" &gt; /proc/sys/fs/file-max</literal>\" (questo era "
"necessario con i vecchi kernel)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2398
msgid ""
"People frequently panic when they notice one file in particular - "
"\"<literal>/proc/kcore</literal>\" - which is generally huge.  This is (more "
"or less) a copy of the content of your computer's memory.  It's used to "
"debug the kernel.  It is a virtual file that points to computer memory, so "
"don't worry about its size."
msgstr ""
"Le persone spesso vanno in panico quando si accorgono di un file in "
"particolare, \"<literal>/proc/kcore</literal>\" che Ãš particolarmente enorme. "
"Ãˆ (piÃ¹ o meno) una copia del contenuto della memoria del computer ed Ãš usato "
"per fare il debug del kernel. È un file virtuale che punta alla memoria del "
"computer perciò non ci si preoccupi della sua dimensione."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2399
msgid ""
"The directory under \"<literal>/sys</literal>\" contains exported kernel "
"data structures, their attributes, and their linkages between them. It also "
"contains interface to change certain kernel parameters at run time."
msgstr ""
"La directory \"<literal>/sys</literal>\" contiene strutture dati del kernel "
"esportate, i loro attributi e i collegamenti tra di esse. Contiene anche "
"interfacce per cambiare alcuni parametri del kernel durante l'esecuzione."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2400
msgid ""
"See \"<literal>proc.txt(.gz)</literal>\", "
"\"<literal>sysfs.txt(.gz)</literal>\" and other related documents in the "
"Linux kernel documentation "
"(\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/linux-doc-2.6.*/Documentation/filesystems/*</literal>\") "
"provided by the <literal>linux-doc-2.6.*</literal> package."
msgstr ""
"Vedere <literal>proc.txt(.gz)</literal>\", "
"\"<literal>sysfs.txt(.gz)</literal>\" e altri documenti correlati nella "
"documentazione del kernel Linux (\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/linux-"
"doc-2.6.*/Documentation/filesystems/*</literal>\") fornita dai pacchetti "
"<literal>linux-doc-2.6.*</literal>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2404
msgid "Midnight Commander (MC)"
msgstr "Midnight Commander (MC)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2405
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"&midnightcommandermc;\">Midnight Commander (MC)</ulink> is a "
"GNU \"Swiss army knife\" for the Linux console and other terminal "
"environments.  This gives newbie a menu driven console experience which is "
"much easier to learn than standard Unix commands."
msgstr ""
"<ulink url=\"&midnightcommandermc;\">Midnight Commander (MC)</ulink> Ãš un "
"\"coltellino svizzero\"\" GNU per la console Linux ed altri ambienti in "
"terminale. Dà ai principianti la possibilità di usare una console comandata "
"da menu che Ãš molto piÃ¹ facile da imparare dei comandi Unix standard."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2406
msgid ""
"You may need to install the Midnight Commander package which is titled "
"\"<literal>mc</literal>\" by the following."
msgstr ""
"Potrebbe essere necessario installare il pacchetto di Midnight Commander che "
"si chiama \"<literal>mc</literal>\" con il seguente comando."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2407
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ sudo aptitude install mc"
msgstr "$ sudo aptitude install mc"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2408
msgid ""
"Use the <literal>mc</literal>(1) command to explore the Debian system.  This "
"is the best way to learn.  Please explore few interesting locations just "
"using the cursor keys and Enter key."
msgstr ""
"Usare il comando <literal>mc</literal>(1) per esplorare il sistema Debian. È "
"il modo migliore di imparare. Esplorare qualche posizione interessante "
"usando semplicemente i tasti freccia e il tasto Invio."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2412
msgid "\"<literal>/etc</literal>\" and its subdirectories"
msgstr "\"<literal>/etc</literal>\" e le sue sottodirectory"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2417
msgid "\"<literal>/var/log</literal>\" and its subdirectories"
msgstr "\"<literal>/var/log</literal>\" e le sue sottodirectory"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2422
msgid "\"<literal>/usr/share/doc</literal>\" and its subdirectories"
msgstr "\"<literal>/usr/share/doc</literal>\" e le sue sottodirectory"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2427
msgid "\"<literal>/sbin</literal>\" and \"<literal>/bin</literal>\""
msgstr "\"<literal>/sbin</literal>\" e \"<literal>/bin</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2432
msgid "Customization of MC"
msgstr "Personalizzazione di MC"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2433
msgid ""
"In order to make MC to change working directory upon exit and "
"<literal>cd</literal> to the directory, I suggest to modify "
"\"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\" to include a script provided by the "
"<literal>mc</literal> package."
msgstr ""
"Per far sì che MC cambi la directory di lavoro in uscita e si sposti con "
"<literal>cd</literal> nella directory, suggerisco di modificare "
"\"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\" per includere uno scipt fornito nel pacchetto "
"<literal>mc</literal>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2434
#, no-wrap
msgid ". /usr/share/mc/bin/mc.sh"
msgstr ". /usr/share/mc/bin/mc.sh"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2435
msgid ""
"See <literal>mc</literal>(1) (under the \"<literal>-P</literal>\" option) "
"for the reason. (If you do not understand what exactly I am talking here, "
"you can do this later.)"
msgstr ""
"Vedere <literal>mc</literal>(1) (sotto l'opzione \"<literal>-P</literal>\") "
"per capirne la ragione. (Se non Ãš chiaro esattamento quello di cui sto "
"parlando, si può tornare a questo più tardi.)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2438
msgid "Starting MC"
msgstr "Avvio di MC"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2439
msgid "MC can be started by the following."
msgstr "MC può essere avviato nel modo seguente."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2440
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ mc"
msgstr "$ mc"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2441
msgid ""
"MC takes care of all file operations through its menu, requiring minimal "
"user effort.  Just press F1 to get the help screen.  You can play with MC "
"just by pressing cursor-keys and function-keys."
msgstr ""
"MC si prende cura di tutte le operazioni sui file attraverso i suoi menu, "
"richiedendo perciò solo un minimo sforzo da parte dell'utente. Premere "
"semplicemente F1 per ottenere la schermata di aiuto. Si può giocherellare "
"con MC premendo semplicemente i tasti freccia e i tasti funzione."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2443
msgid ""
"In some consoles such as <literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1), key strokes "
"of function-keys may be stolen by the console program.  You can disable "
"these features by \"Edit\" → \"Keyboard Shortcuts\" for "
"<literal>gnome-terminal</literal>."
msgstr ""
"In alcune console, come <literal>gnome-terminal</literal>(1), le battute sui "
"tasti funzione potrebbero essere rubate dal programma di console. Si "
"possono disabilitare queste funzionalità per <literal>gnome-"
"terminal</literal> in \"Modifica\" → \"Scorciatoie da tastiera\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2445
msgid ""
"If you encounter character encoding problem which displays garbage "
"characters, adding \"<literal>-a</literal>\" to MC's command line may help "
"prevent problems."
msgstr ""
"Se si incontrano problemi di codifica dei caratteri con visualizzazione di "
"caratteri spazzatura, l'aggiunta dell'opzione \"<literal>-a</literal>\" alla "
"riga di comando di MC può aiutare a prevenirli."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2446
msgid ""
"If this doesn't clear up your display problems with MC, see <xref "
"linkend=\"_the_terminal_configuration\"/>."
msgstr ""
"Se ciò non risolve i problemi di visualizzazione in MC, vedere <xref "
"linkend=\"_the_terminal_configuration\"/>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2449
msgid "File manager in MC"
msgstr "Gestore dei file in MC"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2450
msgid ""
"The default is two directory panels containing file lists.  Another useful "
"mode is to set the right window to \"information\" to see file access "
"privilege information, etc.  Following are some essential keystrokes.  With "
"the <literal>gpm</literal>(8) daemon running, one can use a mouse on Linux "
"character consoles, too.  (Make sure to press the shift-key to obtain the "
"normal behavior of cut and paste in MC.)"
msgstr ""
"L'impostazione predefinita Ãš con due pannelli di directory contenti gli "
"elenchi dei file. Un'altra utile modalitÃ  Ãš l'impostazione della finestra "
"destra per contenere le \"informazioni\" per vedere informazioni sui privilegi "
"di accesso dei file, ecc. Di seguito sono elencati alcuni tasti essenziali. "
"Con il demone <literal>gpm</literal>(8) in esecuzione, si può anche usare "
"il mouse in una console a caratteri Linux. (Assicurarsi di premeri il tasto "
"Maiusc per ottenere il comportamento normale di taglia e incolla in MC.)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2452
msgid "The key bindings of MC"
msgstr "Le associazioni dei tasti di MC"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2459 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2833 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6274
msgid "key"
msgstr "tasto"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2462 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6277 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18571
msgid "key binding"
msgstr "azione associata"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2469
msgid "<literal>F1</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>F1</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2472
msgid "help menu"
msgstr "menu di aiuto"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2477
msgid "<literal>F3</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>F3</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2480
msgid "internal file viewer"
msgstr "visualizzatore interno di file"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2485
msgid "<literal>F4</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>F4</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2488
msgid "internal editor"
msgstr "editor interno"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2493
msgid "<literal>F9</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>F9</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2496
msgid "activate pull down menu"
msgstr "attiva il menu a tendina"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2501
msgid "<literal>F10</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>F10</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2504
msgid "exit Midnight Commander"
msgstr "esce da Midnight Commander"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2509 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2930
msgid "<literal>Tab</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>Tab</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2512
msgid "move between two windows"
msgstr "sposta tra le due finestre"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2516
msgid "<literal>Insert</literal> or <literal>Ctrl-T</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>Insert</literal> o <literal>Ctrl-T</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2519
msgid "mark file for a multiple-file operation such as copy"
msgstr "segna il file per una operazione su più file, come la copia"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2524
msgid "<literal>Del</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>Del</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2527
msgid "delete file (be careful---set MC to safe delete mode)"
msgstr ""
"cancella il file (essere prudenti: impostare MC per la modalità di "
"cancellazione sicura)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2532
msgid "Cursor keys"
msgstr "tasti freccia"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2535
msgid "self-explanatory"
msgstr "intuitivi"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2543
msgid "Command-line tricks in MC"
msgstr "Trucchetti per la riga di comando di MC"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2546
msgid ""
"<literal>cd</literal> command changes the directory shown on the selected "
"screen."
msgstr ""
"Il comando <literal>cd</literal> cambia la directory mostrata nel pannello "
"selezionato."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2550
msgid ""
"<literal>Ctrl-Enter</literal> or <literal>Alt-Enter</literal> copies a "
"filename to the command line. Use this with <literal>cp</literal>(1) and "
"<literal>mv</literal>(1) commands together with command-line editing."
msgstr ""
"<literal>Ctrl-Invio</literal> o <literal>Alt-Invio</literal> copia un nome "
"di file nella riga di comando. Usarlo con i comandi <literal>cp</literal>(1) "
"e <literal>mv</literal>(1) in congiunzione con la modifica della riga di "
"comando."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2554
msgid "<literal>Alt-Tab</literal> shows shell filename expansion choices."
msgstr ""
"<literal>Alt-Tab</literal> mostra le scelte date dall'espansione di shell "
"dei nomi di file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2559
msgid ""
"One can specify the starting directory for both windows as arguments to MC; "
"for example, \"<literal>mc /etc /root</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Si possono specificare le directory iniziali per entrambe le finestre come "
"argomenti per MC; per esempio, \"<literal>mc /etc /root</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2563
msgid ""
"<literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>n-key</literal> → <literal>Fn</literal> "
"(i.e., <literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>1</literal> → "
"<literal>F1</literal>, etc.; <literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>0</literal> → "
"<literal>F10</literal>)"
msgstr ""
"<literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>tasto n</literal> → <literal>Fn</literal> "
"(cioÃš, <literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>1</literal> â†’ "
"<literal>F1</literal>, ecc.; <literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>0</literal> → "
"<literal>F10</literal>)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2568
msgid ""
"Pressing <literal>Esc</literal> before the key has the same effect as "
"pressing the <literal>Alt</literal> and the key together.; i.e., type "
"<literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>c</literal> for <literal>Alt-C</literal>.  "
"<literal>Esc</literal> is called meta-key and sometimes noted as "
"\"<literal>M-</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Premere <literal>Esc</literal> prima di un tasto ha lo stesso effetto di "
"premere <literal>Alt</literal> ed il tasto contemporaneamente; premere cioÃš "
"<literal>Esc</literal> + <literal>c</literal> per <literal>Alt-C</literal>. "
"<literal>Esc</literal> Ãš chiamato meta-tasto ed Ãš a volte indicato con "
"\"<literal>M-</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2574
msgid "The internal editor in MC"
msgstr "L'editor interno di MC"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2575
msgid ""
"The internal editor has an interesting cut-and-paste scheme.  Pressing "
"<literal>F3</literal> marks the start of a selection, a second "
"<literal>F3</literal> marks the end of selection and highlights the "
"selection.  Then you can move your cursor.  If you press F6, the selected "
"area is moved to the cursor location.  If you press F5, the selected area is "
"copied and inserted at the cursor location.  <literal>F2</literal> saves the "
"file.  <literal>F10</literal> gets you out.  Most cursor keys work "
"intuitively."
msgstr ""
"L'editor interno ha un interessante schema per il taglia e incolla. La "
"pressione di <literal>F3</literal> marca l'inizio di una selezione, una "
"seconda pressione di <literal>F3</literal> marca la fine della selezione e "
"la evidenzia. Si può poi muovere il cursore. Se si preme F6, l'area "
"selezionata viene spostata nella posizione del cursore. Se si preme F5 "
"l'area selezionata viene copiata ed inserita alla posizione del cursore. "
"<literal>F2</literal> salva il file. <literal>F10</literal> fa uscire. La "
"maggior parte dei tasti cursore funziona in modo intuitivo."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2576
msgid ""
"This editor can be directly started on a file using one of the following "
"commands."
msgstr ""
"Si può avviare direttamente questo editor su di un file usando uno dei "
"comandi seguenti."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2577
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ mc -e filename_to_edit"
msgstr "$ mc -e nome_del_file_da_modificare"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2578
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ mcedit filename_to_edit"
msgstr "$ mcedit nome_del_file_da_modificare"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2579
msgid ""
"This is not a multi-window editor, but one can use multiple Linux consoles "
"to achieve the same effect.  To copy between windows, use Alt-F&lt;n&gt; "
"keys to switch virtual consoles and use \"File→Insert file\" or \"File→Copy "
"to file\" to move a portion of a file to another file."
msgstr ""
"Questo non Ãš un editor multi-finestra, ma si possono usare piÃ¹ console Linux "
"per ottenere lo stesso effetto. Per copiare tra finestre, usare i tasti "
"Alt-F&lt;n&gt; per cambiare console virtuale e usare \"File→Insert file\" o "
"\"File→Copy to file\" per spostare una porzione di un file in un altro file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2580
msgid "This internal editor can be replaced with any external editor of choice."
msgstr ""
"Questo editor interno può essere rimpiazzato da qualsiasi editor esterno a "
"propria scelta."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2581
msgid ""
"Also, many programs use the environment variables "
"\"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\" or \"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\" to decide "
"which editor to use.  If you are uncomfortable with "
"<literal>vim</literal>(1) or <literal>nano</literal>(1) initially, you may "
"set these to \"<literal>mcedit</literal>\" by adding the following lines to "
"\"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Inoltre molti programmi usano la variabile d'ambiente "
"\"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\" o \"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\" per decidere "
"quale editor usare. Se inizialmente non ci si trova a proprio agio con "
"<literal>vim</literal>(1) o <literal>nano</literal>(1), si può impostare "
"queste variabili a \"<literal>mcedit</literal>\" aggiungendo le righe seguenti "
"al file \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2582
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"export EDITOR=mcedit\n"
"export VISUAL=mcedit"
msgstr ""
"export EDITOR=mcedit\n"
"export VISUAL=mcedit"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2584
msgid "I do recommend setting these to \"<literal>vim</literal>\" if possible."
msgstr "Io raccomando di impostarle a \"<literal>vim</literal>\", se possibile."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2585
msgid ""
"If you are uncomfortable with <literal>vim</literal>(1), you can keep using "
"<literal>mcedit</literal>(1) for most system maintenance tasks."
msgstr ""
"Se non ci si trova a proprio agio con <literal>vim</literal>(1), si può "
"continuare ad usare <literal>mcedit</literal>(1) per la maggior parte dei "
"compiti di manutenzione del sistema."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2588
msgid "The internal viewer in MC"
msgstr "Il visualizzatore interno di MC"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2589
msgid ""
"MC is a very smart viewer.  This is a great tool for searching words in "
"documents.  I always use this for files in the "
"\"<literal>/usr/share/doc</literal>\" directory.  This is the fastest way to "
"browse through masses of Linux information.  This viewer can be directly "
"started using one of the following commands."
msgstr ""
"MC Ãš un visualizzatore molto intelligente. Ãˆ un grande strumento per cercare "
"parole in documenti. Lo uso sempre per i file nella directory "
"\"<literal>/usr/share/doc</literal>\". È il metodo più veloce per navigare tra "
"una massa di informazioni Linux. Questo visualizzatore può essere avviato "
"direttamente usando uno dei comandi seguenti."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2590
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ mc -v path/to/filename_to_view"
msgstr "$ mc -v percorso/del/nome_file_da_visualizzare"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2591
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ mcview path/to/filename_to_view"
msgstr "$ mcview percorso/del/nome_file_da_visualizzare"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2594
msgid "Auto-start features of MC"
msgstr "Funzionalità di avvio automatico di MC"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2595
msgid ""
"Press Enter on a file, and the appropriate program handles the content of "
"the file (see <xref linkend=\"_customizing_program_to_be_started\"/>).  This "
"is a very convenient MC feature."
msgstr ""
"Se si preme Invio su di un file, un programma appropriato gestirà il "
"contenuto del file (vedere <xref "
"linkend=\"_customizing_program_to_be_started\"/>). Questa Ãš una funzionalitÃ  "
"molto comoda di MC."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2597
msgid "The reaction to the enter key in MC"
msgstr "La reazione al tasto Invio in MC"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2604
msgid "file type"
msgstr "tipo di file"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2607
msgid "reaction to enter key"
msgstr "reazione al tasto Invio"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2614
msgid "executable file"
msgstr "file eseguibile"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2617
msgid "execute command"
msgstr "esegue comando"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2622
msgid "man file"
msgstr "file man"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2625
msgid "pipe content to viewer software"
msgstr "invia i contenuti tramite pipe al software di visualizzazione"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2630
msgid "html file"
msgstr "file html"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2633
msgid "pipe content to web browser"
msgstr "invia i contenuti tramite pipe al browser web"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2638
msgid "\"<literal>*.tar.gz</literal>\" and \"<literal>*.deb</literal>\" file"
msgstr "file \"<literal>*.tar.gz</literal>\" e \"<literal>*.deb</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2641
msgid "browse its contents as if subdirectory"
msgstr "naviga i suoi contenuti come se fosse una sottodirectory"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2647
msgid ""
"In order to allow these viewer and virtual file features to function, "
"viewable files should not be set as executable.  Change their status using "
"<literal>chmod</literal>(1) or via the MC file menu."
msgstr ""
"Per far sì che queste funzionalità di visualizzazione dei file e di file "
"virtuali funzionino, i file visualizzabili non dovrebbero essere impostati "
"come eseguibili. Cambiare il loro stato usando <literal>chmod</literal>(1) o "
"attraverso il menu file di MC."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2650
msgid "FTP virtual filesystem of MC"
msgstr "File system FTP virtuale di MC"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2651
msgid ""
"MC can be used to access files over the Internet using FTP.  Go to the menu "
"by pressing <literal>F9</literal>, then type \"<literal>p</literal>\" to "
"activate the FTP virtual filesystem.  Enter a URL in the form "
"\"<literal>username:passwd@hostname.domainname</literal>\", which retrieves "
"a remote directory that appears like a local one."
msgstr ""
"MC può essere usato per accedere a file in Internet usando FTP. Premere "
"<literal>F9</literal> per andare nel menu, poi digitare "
"\"<literal>p</literal>\" per attivare il file system FTP virtuale. Inserire un "
"URL nella forma "
"\"<literal>nomeutente:password@nomehost.nomedominio</literal>\" e la directory "
"remota apparirà come una directory locale."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2652
msgid ""
"Try \"[http.us.debian.org/debian]\" as the URL and browse the Debian "
"archive."
msgstr ""
"Provare \"[http.us.debian.org/debian]\" come URL e navigare nell'archivio "
"Debian."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2656
msgid "The basic Unix-like work environment"
msgstr "Ambiente di lavoro di base in stile Unix"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2657
msgid ""
"Although MC enables you to do almost everything, it is very important for "
"you to learn how to use the command line tools invoked from the shell prompt "
"and become familiar with the Unix-like work environment."
msgstr ""
"Anche se MC permette di fare quasi tutto, Ãš bene imparare come usare gli "
"strumenti a riga di comando invocati dal prompt di shell e prendere "
"familiarità con l'ambiente di lavoro in stile Unix."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2659
msgid "The login shell"
msgstr "La shell di login"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2660
msgid "You can select your login shell with <literal>chsh</literal>(1)."
msgstr ""
"Si può selezionare la propria shell di login con <literal>chsh</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2662
msgid "List of shell programs"
msgstr "Elenco di programmi shell"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2681
msgid "POSIX shell"
msgstr "Shell POSIX"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2694 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2713 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2724 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2734 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2755 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2765 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2787
msgid "Yes"
msgstr "Sì"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2696
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"&bash;\">Bash</ulink>: the GNU Bourne Again SHell (de facto "
"standard)"
msgstr ""
"<ulink url=\"&bash;\">Bash</ulink>: GNU Bourne Again SHell (standard de facto)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2704 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2745 debian-reference.en.xmlt:2776
msgid "No"
msgstr "No"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2706
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"&tenexcshell;\">TENEX C Shell</ulink>: an enhanced version of "
"<ulink url=\"&berkeleycsh;\">Berkeley csh</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"<ulink url=\"&tenexcshell;\">TENEX C Shell</ulink>: una versione migliorata di "
"<ulink url=\"&berkeleycsh;\">Berkeley csh</ulink>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2716
msgid ""
"Debian <ulink url=\"&almquistshell;\">Almquist Shell</ulink>, good for shell "
"script"
msgstr ""
"Debian <ulink url=\"&almquistshell;\">Almquist Shell</ulink>, buona per script "
"di shel"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2726
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"&zshell;\">Z shell</ulink>: the standard shell with many "
"enhancements"
msgstr ""
"<ulink url=\"&zshell;\">Z shell</ulink>: la shell standard con molti "
"miglioramenti"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2737
msgid "public domain version of the <ulink url=\"&kornshell;\">Korn shell</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"versione di dominio pubblico della <ulink url=\"&kornshell;\">Korn "
"shell</ulink>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2747
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"&openbsd;\">OpenBSD</ulink> C Shell, a version of <ulink "
"url=\"&berkeleycsh;\">Berkeley csh</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"C Shell <ulink url=\"&openbsd;\">OpenBSD</ulink>, una versione di <ulink "
"url=\"&berkeleycsh;\">Berkeley csh</ulink>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2757
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"&standaloneshell;\">Stand-alone shell</ulink> with builtin "
"commands (Not meant for standard \"<literal>/bin/sh</literal>\")"
msgstr ""
"<ulink url=\"&standaloneshell;\">Stand-alone shell</ulink> con comandi interni "
"(non adatta per essere la \"<literal>/bin/sh</literal>\" standard)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2768
msgid ""
"the real, AT&amp;T version of the <ulink url=\"&kornshell;\">Korn "
"shell</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"la versione reale di AT&amp;T della <ulink url=\"&kornshell;\">Korn "
"shell</ulink>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2779
msgid ""
"implementation of the <ulink url=\"&attplanj;\">AT&amp;T Plan 9</ulink> "
"<ulink url=\"&rcshell;\">rc shell</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"implementazione della <ulink url=\"&rcshell;\">rc shell</ulink> di <ulink "
"url=\"&attplanj;\">AT&amp;T Plan 9</ulink>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2790
msgid "Policy-compliant Ordinary SHell (<literal>pdksh</literal> derivative)"
msgstr "Policy-compliant Ordinary SHell (derivata da <literal>pdksh</literal>)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2796
msgid ""
"In this tutorial chapter, the interactive shell always means "
"<literal>bash</literal>."
msgstr ""
"In questo capitolo del tutorial la shell interattiva considerata Ãš sempre "
"<literal>bash</literal>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2799
msgid "Customizing bash"
msgstr "Personalizzare bash"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2800
msgid ""
"You can customize <literal>bash</literal>(1) behavior by "
"\"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Si può personalizzare il comportamento di <literal>bash</literal>(1) con "
"\"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2801 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4111
msgid "For example, try the following."
msgstr "Per esempio provare quanto segue."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2802
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"# CD upon exiting MC\n"
". /usr/share/mc/bin/mc.sh\n"
"\n"
"# set CDPATH to good one\n"
"CDPATH=.:/usr/share/doc:~/Desktop/src:~/Desktop:~\n"
"export CDPATH\n"
"\n"
"PATH=\"${PATH}\":/usr/sbin:/sbin\n"
"# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists\n"
"if [ -d ~/bin ] ; then\n"
"  PATH=~/bin:\"${PATH}\"\n"
"fi\n"
"export PATH\n"
"\n"
"EDITOR=vim\n"
"export EDITOR"
msgstr ""
"# CD quando si esce da MC\n"
". /usr/share/mc/bin/mc.sh\n"
"\n"
"# impostare il CDPATH ad un buon valore\n"
"CDPATH=.:/usr/share/doc:~/Desktop/src:~/Desktop:~\n"
"export CDPATH\n"
"\n"
"PATH=\"${PATH}\":/usr/sbin:/sbin\n"
"# impostare PATH in modo da includere la directory bin privata dell'utente "
"se esiste\n"
"if [ -d ~/bin ] ; then\n"
"  PATH=~/bin:\"${PATH}\"\n"
"fi\n"
"export PATH\n"
"\n"
"EDITOR=vim\n"
"export EDITOR"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2819
msgid ""
"You can find more <literal>bash</literal> customization tips, such as <xref "
"linkend=\"_colorized_commands\"/>, in <xref linkend=\"_system_tips\"/>."
msgstr ""
"Si possono trovare altri suggerimenti sulla personalizzazione di "
"<literal>bash</literal>(1), come <xref linkend=\"_colorized_commands\"/>, in "
"<xref linkend=\"_system_tips\"/>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2823
msgid "Special key strokes"
msgstr "Associazioni di tasti speciali"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2824
msgid ""
"In the <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">Unix-like</ulink> environment, there are "
"few key strokes which have special meanings.  Please note that on a normal "
"Linux character console, only the left-hand <literal>Ctrl</literal> and "
"<literal>Alt</literal> keys work as expected.  Here are few notable key "
"strokes to remember."
msgstr ""
"Nell'ambiente <ulink url=\"&unixlike;\">*nix</ulink>, ci sono alcune "
"associazioni di tasti che hanno un significato speciale. Notare che in una "
"console a caratteri Linux normale solo i tasti <literal>Ctrl</literal> e "
"<literal>Alt</literal>sinistri funzionano come atteso. Ecco alcune "
"combinazioni di tasti che vale la pena ricordare."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2826
msgid "List of key bindings for bash"
msgstr "Elenco di associazioni di tasti per bash"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2836
msgid "description of key binding"
msgstr "descrizione dell'associazione di tasti"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2843
msgid "<literal>Ctrl-U</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-U</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2846
msgid "erase line before cursor"
msgstr "cancella il contenuto della riga prima del cursore"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2851
msgid "<literal>Ctrl-H</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-H</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2854
msgid "erase a character before cursor"
msgstr "cancella il carattere prima del cursore"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2859
msgid "<literal>Ctrl-D</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-D</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2862
msgid "terminate input (exit shell if you are using shell)"
msgstr "termina l'input (se si sta usando la shell, esce dalla shell)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2867
msgid "<literal>Ctrl-C</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-C</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2870
msgid "terminate a running program"
msgstr "termina un programma in esecuzione"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2875
msgid "<literal>Ctrl-Z</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-Z</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2878
msgid "temporarily stop program by moving it to the background job"
msgstr ""
"arresta temporaneamente un programma spostandolo come compito sullo sfondo"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2883
msgid "<literal>Ctrl-S</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-S</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2886
msgid "halt output to screen"
msgstr "ferma l'output a schermo."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2891
msgid "<literal>Ctrl-Q</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-Q</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2894
msgid "reactivate output to screen"
msgstr "riattiva l'output a schermo."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2899
msgid "<literal>Ctrl-Alt-Del</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-Alt-Del</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2902
msgid "reboot/halt the system, see <literal>inittab</literal>(5)"
msgstr "riavvia/ferma il sistema, vedere <literal>inittab</literal>(5)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2906
msgid "<literal>Left-Alt-key</literal> (optionally, <literal>Windows-key</literal>)"
msgstr ""
"<literal>Left-Alt-key</literal> (opzionalmente, <literal>tasto "
"Windows</literal>)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2909
msgid "meta-key for Emacs and the similar UI"
msgstr "meta-tasto per Emacs e interfacce utente simili"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2914
msgid "<literal>Up-arrow</literal>"
msgstr "freccia in su"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2917
msgid "start command history search under <literal>bash</literal>"
msgstr "avvia la ricerca nello storico dei comandi in <literal>bash</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2922
msgid "<literal>Ctrl-R</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-R</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2925
msgid "start incremental command history search under <literal>bash</literal>"
msgstr ""
"inizia una ricerca incrementale nello storico dei comandi in "
"<literal>bash</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2933
msgid ""
"complete input of the filename to the command line under "
"<literal>bash</literal>"
msgstr ""
"completa l'input di un nome di file nella riga di comando in "
"<literal>bash</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2938
msgid "<literal>Ctrl-V</literal> <literal>Tab</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>Ctrl-V</literal> <literal>Tab</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2942
msgid ""
"input <literal>Tab</literal> without expansion to the command line under "
"<literal>bash</literal>"
msgstr ""
"inserisce in input un carattere <literal>Tab</literal> senza espansione "
"nella riga di comando in <literal>bash</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2949
msgid ""
"The terminal feature of <literal>Ctrl-S</literal> can be disabled using "
"<literal>stty</literal>(1)."
msgstr ""
"La funzionalità di <literal>Ctrl-S</literal> nel terminale può essere "
"disabilitata usando <literal>stty</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2953
msgid "Unix style mouse operations"
msgstr "Funzionamento del mouse in stile Unix"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2954
msgid "Unix style mouse operations are based on the 3 button mouse system."
msgstr ""
"Il funzionamento del mouse in stile Unix Ãš basato sul sistema a 3 pulsanti."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2956
msgid "List of Unix style mouse operations"
msgstr "Elenco delle funzioni del mouse in stile Unix"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2966
msgid "response"
msgstr "risposta"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2973
msgid "Left-click-and-drag mouse"
msgstr "Clic sinistro e trascinamento"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2976
msgid "select and copy to the clipboard"
msgstr "seleziona e copia negli appunti"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2981
msgid "Left-click"
msgstr "Clic sinistro"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2984
msgid "select the start of selection"
msgstr "marca l'inizio della selezione"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2989
msgid "Right-click"
msgstr "Clic destro"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2992
msgid "select the end of selection and copy to the clipboard"
msgstr "marca la fine della selezione e copia negli appunti"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:2997
msgid "Middle-click"
msgstr "Clic di mezzo"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3000
msgid "paste clipboard at the cursor"
msgstr "incolla gli appunti alla posizione del cursore"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3006
msgid ""
"The center wheel on the modern wheel mouse is considered middle mouse button "
"and can be used for middle-click.  Clicking left and right mouse buttons "
"together serves as the middle-click under the 2 button mouse system "
"situation.  In order to use a mouse in Linux character consoles, you need to "
"have <literal>gpm</literal>(8) running as daemon."
msgstr ""
"La rotella centrale nei moderni mouse che la hanno viene considerata come il "
"pulsante di mezzo e può essere usata per fare il corrispondente clic. "
"Cliccare contemporaneamente con i pulsanti destro e sinistro funziona da "
"clic di mezzo nelle situazioni in cui si hanno mouse a 2 pulsanti. Per poter "
"usare il mouse in una console a caratteri Linux Ãš necessario che "
"<literal>gpm</literal>(8) sia in esecuzione come demone."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3009
msgid "The pager"
msgstr "Il paginatore"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3010
msgid ""
"<literal>less</literal>(1) is the enhanced pager (file content browser).  "
"Hit \"<literal>h</literal>\" for help.  It can do much more than "
"<literal>more</literal>(1) and can be supercharged by executing "
"\"<literal>eval $(lesspipe)</literal>\" or \"<literal>eval "
"$(lessfile)</literal>\" in the shell startup script. See more in "
"\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/lessf/LESSOPEN</literal>\".  The "
"\"<literal>-R</literal>\" option allows raw character output and enables "
"ANSI color escape sequences.  See <literal>less</literal>(1)."
msgstr ""
"<literal>less</literal>(1) Ãš il paginatore (navigatore del contenuto dei "
"file) migliorato. Premere \"<literal>h</literal>\" per l'aiuto. Può fare molto "
"di più di <literal>more</literal>(1) e può essere fornito di superpoteri "
"eseguendo \"<literal>eval $(lesspipe)</literal>\" o \"<literal>eval "
"$(lessfile)</literal>\" nello script di avvio della shell. Vedere ulteriori "
"informazioni in \"<literal>/usr/share/doc/lessf/LESSOPEN</literal>\".  "
"L'opzione \"<literal>-R</literal>\" permette output raw e abilita le sequenze "
"di escape ANSI per i colori. Vedere <literal>less</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3013
msgid "The text editor"
msgstr "L'editor di testo"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3014
msgid ""
"You should become proficient in one of variants of <ulink "
"url=\"&vim;\">Vim</ulink> or <ulink url=\"&emacs;\">Emacs</ulink> programs "
"which are popular in the Unix-like system."
msgstr ""
"Si dovrebbe diventare competenti in una delle varianti dei programmi <ulink "
"url=\"&vim;\">Vim</ulink> o <ulink url=\"&emacs;\">Emacs</ulink> che sono "
"popolari sui sistemi *nix."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3015
msgid ""
"I think getting used to Vim commands is the right thing to do, since "
"Vi-editor is always there in the Linux/Unix world.  (Actually, original "
"<literal>vi</literal> or new <literal>nvi</literal> are programs you find "
"everywhere.  I chose Vim instead for newbie since it offers you help through "
"<literal>F1</literal> key while it is similar enough and more powerful.)"
msgstr ""
"Penso che abituarsi ai comandi Vim sia la cosa giusta da fare, dato che un "
"editor Vi Ãš sempre presente nel mondo Linux/Unix. (In realtÃ , il "
"<literal>vi</literal> originale o il nuovo <literal>nvi</literal> sono "
"programmi che si trovano ovunque. Io ho scelto invece Vim per i principianti "
"dato che offre l'aiuto attraverso il tasto <literal>F1</literal> pur "
"essendo abbastanza simile e più potente.)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3016
msgid ""
"If you chose either <ulink url=\"&emacs;\">Emacs</ulink> or <ulink "
"url=\"&xemacs;\">XEmacs</ulink> instead as your choice of the editor, that "
"is another good choice indeed, particularly for programming.  Emacs has a "
"plethora of other features as well, including functioning as a newsreader, "
"directory editor, mail program, etc.  When used for programming or editing "
"shell scripts, it intelligently recognizes the format of what you are "
"working on, and tries to provide assistance.  Some people maintain that the "
"only program they need on Linux is Emacs.  Ten minutes learning Emacs now "
"can save hours later.  Having the GNU Emacs manual for reference when "
"learning Emacs is highly recommended."
msgstr ""
"Se si sceglie invece <ulink url=\"&emacs;\">Emacs</ulink> o <ulink "
"url=\"&xemacs;\">XEmacs</ulink> come editor preferito, si sta facendo comunque "
"davvero un'ottima scelta, specialmente per la programmazione. Emacs ha una "
"vastità di altre funzionalità, incluso il funzionamento come newsreader, "
"editor di directory, programma di posta, ecc. Quando usato per la "
"programmazione o la scrittura di script, riconosce intelligentemente il "
"formato che si sta usando e cerca di fornire assistenza. Alcune persone "
"sostengono che l'unico programma di cui hanno bisogno su Linux Ãš Emacs. "
"Dieci minuti spesi ad imparare Emacs ora possono far risparmiare ore in "
"futuro. È caldamente raccomandato avere a portata di mano il manuale di GNU "
"Emacs da consultare quando si sta imparando Emacs."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3017
msgid ""
"All these programs usually come with tutoring program for you to learn them "
"by practice.  Start Vim by typing \"<literal>vim</literal>\" and press "
"F1-key.  You should at least read the first 35 lines.  Then do the online "
"training course by moving cursor to \"<literal>|tutor|</literal>\" and "
"pressing <literal>Ctrl-]</literal>."
msgstr ""
"Tutti questi programmi sono di solito forniti con un programma tutor che "
"aiuta ad impararli facendo pratica. Avviare Vim digitando "
"\"<literal>vim</literal>\" e premere il tasto F1. Si dovrebbero leggere come "
"minimo le prime 35 righe. Poi seguire il corso di apprendimento in linea "
"muovendo il cursore su \"<literal>|tutor|</literal>\" e premendo "
"<literal>Ctrl-]</literal>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3019
msgid ""
"Good editors, such as Vim and Emacs, can be used to handle UTF-8 and other "
"exotic encoding texts correctly with proper option in the "
"x-terminal-emulator on X under UTF-8 locale with proper font settings.  "
"Please refer to their documentation on multibyte text."
msgstr ""
"I buoni editor, come Vim ed Emacs, possono essere usati per gestire "
"correttamente testi UTF-8 e testi in altre codifiche esotiche usando "
"l'opzione adatta in x-terminal-emulator in X con la localizzazione in UTF-8 "
"e le corrette impostazioni del tipo di carattere. Fare riferimento alla loro "
"documentazione sui testi multibyte."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3023
msgid "Setting a default text editor"
msgstr "Impostare un editor di testi predefinito"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3024
msgid ""
"Debian comes with a number of different editors. We recommend to install the "
"<literal>vim</literal> package, as mentioned above."
msgstr ""
"Debian Ãš fornita con svariati editor differenti. Si raccomanda di "
"installare, come detto in precedenza, il pacchetto <literal>vim</literal>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3025
msgid ""
"Debian provides unified access to the system default editor via command "
"\"<literal>/usr/bin/editor</literal>\" so other programs (e.g., "
"<literal>reportbug</literal>(1)) can invoke it.  You can change it by the "
"following."
msgstr ""
"Debian fornisce un accesso unificato all'editor predefinito di sistema "
"attraverso il comando \"<literal>/usr/bin/editor</literal>\" in modo che altri "
"programmi (ad esempio <literal>reportbug</literal>(1)) possano richiamarlo. "
"Lo si può modificare con il comando seguente."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3026
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ sudo update-alternatives --config editor"
msgstr "$ sudo update-alternatives --config editor"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3027
msgid ""
"The choice \"<literal>/usr/bin/vim.basic</literal>\" over "
"\"<literal>/usr/bin/vim.tiny</literal>\" is my recommendation for newbies "
"since it supports syntax highlighting."
msgstr ""
"Io raccomando ai principianti la scelta di "
"\"<literal>/usr/bin/vim.basic</literal>\" invece "
"di\"<literal>/usr/bin/vim.tiny</literal>\" dato che supporta l'evidenziazione "
"della sintassi."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3029
msgid ""
"Many programs use the environment variables \"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\" "
"or \"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\" to decide which editor to use (see <xref "
"linkend=\"_the_internal_editor_in_mc\"/> and <xref "
"linkend=\"_customizing_program_to_be_started\"/>).  For the consistency on "
"Debian system, set these to "
"\"<literal>/usr/bin/editor</literal>\". (Historically, "
"\"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\" was \"<literal>ed</literal>\" and "
"\"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\" was \"<literal>vi</literal>\".)"
msgstr ""
"Molti programmi usano la variabile d'ambiente \"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\" o "
"\"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\" per decidere quale editor usare (vedere<xref "
"linkend=\"_the_internal_editor_in_mc\"/> e <xref "
"linkend=\"_customizing_program_to_be_started\"/>. Per coerenza, in un sistema "
"Debian, impostare queste variabili a \"<literal>/usr/bin/editor</literal>\". "
"(Storicamente \"<literal>$EDITOR</literal>\" era \"<literal>ed</literal>\" e "
"\"<literal>$VISUAL</literal>\" era \"<literal>vi</literal>\".)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3033
msgid "Customizing vim"
msgstr "Personalizzare vim"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3034
msgid ""
"You can customize <literal>vim</literal>(1) behavior by "
"\"<literal>~/.vimrc</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Si può personalizzare il comportamento di <literal>vim</literal>(1) tramite "
"\"<literal>~/.vimrc</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3036
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"\" -------------------------------\n"
"\" Local configuration\n"
"\"\n"
"set nocompatible\n"
"set nopaste\n"
"set pastetoggle=&lt;f2&gt;\n"
"syn on\n"
"if $USER == \"root\"\n"
" set nomodeline\n"
" set noswapfile\n"
"else\n"
" set modeline\n"
" set swapfile\n"
"endif\n"
"\" filler to avoid the line above being recognized as a modeline\n"
"\" filler\n"
"\" filler"
msgstr ""
"\" -------------------------------\n"
"\" Configurazione locale\n"
"\"\n"
"set nocompatible\n"
"set nopaste\n"
"set pastetoggle=&lt;f2&gt;\n"
"syn on\n"
"if $USER == \"root\"\n"
" set nomodeline\n"
" set noswapfile\n"
"else\n"
" set modeline\n"
" set swapfile\n"
"endif\n"
"\" riempimento per evitare che la riga sopra sia considerata una modeline\n"
"\" riempimento\n"
"\" riempimento"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3055
msgid "Recording the shell activities"
msgstr "Registrare le attività della shell"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3056
msgid ""
"The output of the shell command may roll off your screen and may be lost "
"forever.  It is good practice to log shell activities into the file for you "
"to review them later.  This kind of record is essential when you perform any "
"system administration tasks."
msgstr ""
"L'output dei comandi di shell può scorrere fuori dallo schermo e potrebbe "
"essere perduto per sempre. È buona norma registrare le attività di shell in "
"un file in modo da poterle riguardare in seguito. Questo tipo di registro Ãš "
"essenziale quando si fa una qualsiasi attività di amministrazione del "
"sistema."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3057
msgid ""
"The basic method of recording the shell activity is to run it under "
"<literal>script</literal>(1)."
msgstr ""
"Il metodo base per registrare l'attivitÃ  di shell Ãš di eseguirla sotto "
"<literal>script</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3059 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18857
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ script\n"
"Script started, file is typescript"
msgstr ""
"$ script\n"
"Script Ãš avviato, il file Ãš typescript"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3061
msgid "Do whatever shell commands under <literal>script</literal>."
msgstr "Eseguire qualsiasi comando di shell sotto <literal>script</literal>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3062
msgid "Press <literal>Ctrl-D</literal> to exit <literal>script</literal>."
msgstr ""
"Premere <literal>Ctrl-D</literal> per uscire da <literal>script</literal>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3063
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ vim typescript"
msgstr "$ vim typescript"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3064
msgid "See <xref linkend=\"_recording_the_shell_activities_cleanly\"/> ."
msgstr "Vedere <xref linkend=\"_recording_the_shell_activities_cleanly\"/>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3067
msgid "Basic Unix commands"
msgstr "Comandi Unix di base"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3068
msgid ""
"Let's learn basic Unix commands.  Here I use \"Unix\" in its generic sense.  "
"Any Unix clone OSs usually offer equivalent commands.  The Debian system is "
"no exception.  Do not worry if some commands do not work as you wish now. If "
"<literal>alias</literal> is used in the shell, its corresponding command "
"outputs are different.  These examples are not meant to be executed in this "
"order."
msgstr ""
"Ãˆ bene imparare i comandi Unix di base. Il termine \"Unix\" Ãš qui usato in "
"senso lato; ogni SO clone di Unix offre di solito comandi equivalenti. Il "
"sistema Debian non fa eccezione. Non ci si preoccupi se, al momento, alcuni "
"comandi non funzionano come si vorrebbe. Se si usa <literal>alias</literal> "
"nella shell, i corrispondenti output dei comandi sono diversi. Questi esempi "
"non sono pensati per essere eseguiti necessariamente in questo ordine."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3069
msgid "Try all following commands from the non-privileged user account."
msgstr "Provare tutti i comandi seguenti da un account utente non privilegiato."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3071
msgid "List of basic Unix commands"
msgstr "Elenco di comandi Unix di base"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3078 debian-reference.en.xmlt:5990 debian-reference.en.xmlt:7287 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10173 debian-reference.en.xmlt:10284 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12269 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12871 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13302 debian-reference.en.xmlt:14447 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15627 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18059 debian-reference.en.xmlt:19118 debian-reference.en.xmlt:21117 debian-reference.en.xmlt:22168 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24223 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24345 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24549 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24731 debian-reference.en.xmlt:26054 debian-reference.en.xmlt:30376
msgid "command"
msgstr "comando"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3088
msgid "<literal>pwd</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>pwd</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3091
msgid "display name of current/working directory"
msgstr "mostra il nome della directory attuale/di lavoro"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3096
msgid "<literal>whoami</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>whoami</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3099
msgid "display current user name"
msgstr "mostra il nome dell'utente attuale"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3104
msgid "<literal>id</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>id</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3107
msgid "display current user identity (name, uid, gid, and associated groups)"
msgstr ""
"mostra l'identità dell'utente attuale (nome, uid, gid e gruppi associati)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3112
msgid "<literal>file &lt;foo&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>file &lt;pippo&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3115
msgid "display a type of file for the file \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\""
msgstr "mostra che tipo di file sia il file \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3120
msgid "<literal>type -p &lt;commandname&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>type -p &lt;nomecomando&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3123
msgid ""
"display a file location of command "
"\"<literal>&lt;commandname&gt;</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"mostra la posizione del file del comando "
"\"<literal>&lt;nomecomando&gt;</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3128
msgid "<literal>which &lt;commandname&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>which &lt;nomecomando&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3131 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3155 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6582 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6590 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6598 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6606 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11259 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11270 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11281 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11292 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11303 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11314 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11335 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11345 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11387 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11398 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11420 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11431 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11464 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11475 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11497 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11508 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11519 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11541 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11552 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11574 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11585 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11596 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11607 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11618 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11629 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11640 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11651 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11662 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11673 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11684 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11695 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11706 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11717 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11728 debian-reference.en.xmlt:12335 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13861 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13870 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13880 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13889 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13909 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13920 debian-reference.en.xmlt:13931 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15271 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15293 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15303 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15445 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15456 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15467 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15478 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15500 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15511 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15522 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15856 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15911 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15914 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15933 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15936 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15944 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15955 debian-reference.en.xmlt:15958 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16070 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16103 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16125 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16128 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16136 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16157 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16160 debian-reference.en.xmlt:16178 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18124 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18132 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18140 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18188 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18212 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18220 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24570 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24610 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24634 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24658 debian-reference.en.xmlt:24682
msgid ", ,"
msgstr "\" \""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3136
msgid "<literal>type &lt;commandname&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>type &lt;nomecomando&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3139
msgid "display information on command \"<literal>&lt;commandname&gt;</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"mostra informazioni sul comando \"<literal>&lt;nomecomando&gt;</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3144
msgid "<literal>apropos &lt;key-word&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>apropos &lt;parola-chiave&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3147
msgid "find commands related to \"<literal>&lt;key-word&gt;</literal>\""
msgstr "trova comandi riguardanti \"<literal>&lt;parola-chiave&gt;</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3152
msgid "<literal>man -k &lt;key-word&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>man -k &lt;parola-chiave&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3160
msgid "<literal>whatis &lt;commandname&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>whatis &lt;nomecomando&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3163
msgid ""
"display one line explanation on command "
"\"<literal>&lt;commandname&gt;</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"mostra una spiegazione di una riga sul comando "
"\"<literal>&lt;nomecomando&gt;</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3168
msgid "<literal>man -a &lt;commandname&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>man -a &lt;nomecomando&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3171
msgid ""
"display explanation on command \"<literal>&lt;commandname&gt;</literal>\" "
"(Unix style)"
msgstr ""
"mostra una spiegazione del comando \"<literal>&lt;nomecomando&gt;</literal>\" "
"(in stile Unix)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3176
msgid "<literal>info &lt;commandname&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>info &lt;nomecomando&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3179
msgid ""
"display rather long explanation on command "
"\"<literal>&lt;commandname&gt;</literal>\" (GNU style)"
msgstr ""
"mostra una spiegazione piuttosto lunga del comando "
"\"<literal>&lt;nomecomando&gt;</literal>\" (in stile GNU)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3184
msgid "<literal>ls</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>ls</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3187
msgid "list contents of directory (non-dot files and directories)"
msgstr "elenca il contenuto di directory (non i file punto e le directory)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3192
msgid "<literal>ls -a</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>ls -a</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3195
msgid "list contents of directory (all files and directories)"
msgstr "elenca il contenuto di directory (tutti i file e directory)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3200
msgid "<literal>ls -A</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>ls -A</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3203
msgid ""
"list contents of directory (almost all files and directories, i.e., skip "
"\"<literal>..</literal>\" and \"<literal>.</literal>\")"
msgstr ""
"elenca il contenuto di directory (quasi tutti i file e directory, cioÃš salta "
"\"<literal>..</literal>\" e \"<literal>.</literal>\")"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3208
msgid "<literal>ls -la</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>ls -la</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3211
msgid "list all contents of directory with detail information"
msgstr "elenca tutto il contenuto di directory con informazioni dettagliate"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3216
msgid "<literal>ls -lai</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>ls -lai</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3219
msgid "list all contents of directory with inode number and detail information"
msgstr ""
"elenca tutto il contenuto di directory con numeri di inode e informazioni "
"dettagliate"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3224
msgid "<literal>ls -d</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>ls -d</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3227
msgid "list all directories under the current directory"
msgstr "elenca tutte le directory dentro la directory attuale"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3232
msgid "<literal>tree</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>tree</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3235
msgid "display file tree contents"
msgstr "mostra il contenuto in forma di albero"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3240
msgid "<literal>lsof &lt;foo&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>lsof &lt;pippo&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3243
msgid "list open status of file \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\""
msgstr "mostra lo stato aperto per il file \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3248
msgid "<literal>lsof -p &lt;pid&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>lsof -p &lt;pid&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3251
msgid "list files opened by the process ID: \"<literal>&lt;pid&gt;</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"mostra i file aperti dal processo con ID \"<literal>&lt;pid&gt;</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3256
msgid "<literal>mkdir &lt;foo&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>mkdir &lt;pippo&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3259
msgid ""
"make a new directory \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\" in the current "
"directory"
msgstr ""
"crea una nuova directory \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\" nella directory "
"attuale"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3264
msgid "<literal>rmdir &lt;foo&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>rmdir &lt;pippo&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3267
msgid ""
"remove a directory \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\" in the current "
"directory"
msgstr ""
"rimuove la directory \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\" nella directory "
"attuale"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3272
msgid "<literal>cd &lt;foo&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>cd &lt;pippo&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3275
msgid ""
"change directory to the directory \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\" in the "
"current directory or in the directory listed in the variable "
"\"<literal>$CDPATH</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"cambia directory spostandosi nella directory "
"\"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\" nella directory attuale o in una "
"directory elencata nella variabile \"<literal>$CDPATH</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3280
msgid "<literal>cd /</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>cd /</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3283
msgid "change directory to the root directory"
msgstr "cambia directory spostandosi nella directory radice"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3288
msgid "<literal>cd</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>cd</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3291
msgid "change directory to the current user's home directory"
msgstr "cambia directory spostandosi nella directory home dell'utente"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3296
msgid "<literal>cd /&lt;foo&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>cd /&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3299
msgid ""
"change directory to the absolute path directory "
"\"<literal>/&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"cambia directory spostandosi nella directory con percorso assoluto "
"\"<literal>/&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3304
msgid "<literal>cd ..</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>cd ..</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3307
msgid "change directory to the parent directory"
msgstr "cambia directory spostandosi nella directory genitore"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3312
msgid "<literal>cd ~&lt;foo&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>cd ~&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3315
msgid ""
"change directory to the home directory of the user "
"\"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"cambia directory spostandosi nella directory home dell'utente "
"\"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3320
msgid "<literal>cd -</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>cd -</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3323
msgid "change directory to the previous directory"
msgstr "cambia directory spostandosi nella directory precedente"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3328
msgid "<literal>&lt;/etc/motd pager</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>&lt;/etc/motd pager</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3331
msgid "display contents of \"<literal>/etc/motd</literal>\" using the default pager"
msgstr ""
"mostra il contenuto di \"<literal>/etc/motd</literal>\" usando il paginatore "
"predefinito"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3336
msgid "<literal>touch &lt;junkfile&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>touch &lt;filediprova&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3339
msgid "create a empty file \"<literal>&lt;junkfile&gt;</literal>\""
msgstr "crea un file \"<literal>&lt;filediprova&gt;</literal>\" vuoto"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3344
msgid "<literal>cp &lt;foo&gt; &lt;bar&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>cp &lt;pippo&gt; &lt;pluto&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3347
msgid ""
"copy a existing file \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\" to a new file "
"\"<literal>&lt;bar&gt;</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"copia un file \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\" esistente in un nuovo file "
"\"<literal>&lt;pluto&gt;</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3352
msgid "<literal>rm &lt;junkfile&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>rm &lt;filediprova&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3355
msgid "remove a file \"<literal>&lt;junkfile&gt;</literal>\""
msgstr "rimuove il file \"<literal>&lt;filediprova&gt;</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3360 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3368
msgid "<literal>mv &lt;foo&gt; &lt;bar&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>mv &lt;pippo&gt; &lt;pluto&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3363
msgid ""
"rename an existing file \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\" to a new name "
"\"<literal>&lt;bar&gt;</literal>\" (\"<literal>&lt;bar&gt;</literal>\" must "
"not exist)"
msgstr ""
"rinomina un file \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\" esistente con il nuovo "
"nome \"<literal>&lt;pluto&gt;</literal>\" (\"<literal>&lt;pluto&gt;</literal>\" "
"non deve esistere)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3371
msgid ""
"move an existing file \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\" to a new location "
"\"<literal>&lt;bar&gt;/&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\" (the directory "
"\"<literal>&lt;bar&gt;</literal>\" must exist)"
msgstr ""
"muove un file \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\" esistente nella nuova "
"posizione \"<literal>&lt;pluto&gt;/&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\" (la directory "
"\"<literal>&lt;pluto&gt;</literal>\" deve esistere)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3376
msgid "<literal>mv &lt;foo&gt; &lt;bar&gt;/&lt;baz&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>mv &lt;pippo&gt; &lt;pluto&gt;/&lt;paperino&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3379
msgid ""
"move an existing file \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\" to a new location "
"with a new name \"<literal>&lt;bar&gt;/&lt;baz&gt;</literal>\" (the "
"directory \"<literal>&lt;bar&gt;</literal>\" must exist but the directory "
"\"<literal>&lt;bar&gt;/&lt;baz&gt;</literal>\" must not exist)"
msgstr ""
"muove un file \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\" esistente in una nuova "
"posizione con il nuovo nome "
"\"<literal>&lt;pluto&gt;/&lt;paperino&gt;</literal>\" (la directory "
"\"<literal>&lt;pluto&gt;</literal>\" deve esistere ma non deve esistere "
"\"<literal>&lt;bar&gt;/&lt;baz&gt;</literal>\")"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3384
msgid "<literal>chmod 600 &lt;foo&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>chmod 600 &lt;pippo&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3387
msgid ""
"make an existing file \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\" to be non-readable "
"and non-writable by the other people (non-executable for all)"
msgstr ""
"fa sì che il file \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\" esistente sia non "
"leggibile e non scrivibile da altri (e non eseguibile per nessuno)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3392
msgid "<literal>chmod 644 &lt;foo&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>chmod 644 &lt;pippo&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3395
msgid ""
"make an existing file \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\" to be readable but "
"non-writable by the other people (non-executable for all)"
msgstr ""
"fa sì che il file \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\" esistente sia leggibile "
"ma non scrivibile da altri (e non eseguibile per nessuno)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3400
msgid "<literal>chmod 755 &lt;foo&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>chmod 755 &lt;pippo&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3403
msgid ""
"make an existing file \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\" to be readable but "
"non-writable by the other people (executable for all)"
msgstr ""
"fa sì che il file \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\" esistente sia leggibile "
"ma non scrivibile da altri (ed eseguibile per tutti)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3408
msgid "<literal>find .  -name &lt;pattern&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>find .  -name &lt;modello&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3411
msgid ""
"find matching filenames using shell \"<literal>&lt;pattern&gt;</literal>\" "
"(slower)"
msgstr ""
"trova nomi di file corrispondenti al \"<literal>&lt;modello&gt;</literal>\" di "
"shell (lento)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3416
msgid "<literal>locate -d .  &lt;pattern&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>locate -d .  &lt;modello&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3419
msgid ""
"find matching filenames using shell \"<literal>&lt;pattern&gt;</literal>\" "
"(quicker using regularly generated database)"
msgstr ""
"trova nomi di file corrispondenti al \"<literal>&lt;pattern&gt;</literal>\" di "
"shell (più veloce, usa un database generato regolarmente)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3424
msgid "<literal>grep -e \"&lt;pattern&gt;\" *.html</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>grep -e \"&lt;modello&gt;\" *.html</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3427
msgid ""
"find a \"&lt;pattern&gt;\" in all files ending with "
"\"<literal>.html</literal>\" in current directory and display them all"
msgstr ""
"trova un \"&lt;pattern&gt;\" in tutti i file nella directory attuale che "
"terminano con \"<literal>.html</literal>\" e mostra tutte le corrispondenze"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3432
msgid "<literal>top</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>top</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3435
msgid ""
"display process information using full screen, type \"<literal>q</literal>\" "
"to quit"
msgstr ""
"mostra informazioni sui processi a tutto schermo, digitare "
"\"<literal>q</literal>\" per uscire"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3440
msgid "<literal>ps aux | pager</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>ps aux | pager</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3443
msgid "display information on all the running processes using BSD style output"
msgstr ""
"mostra informazioni su tutti i processi in esecuzione usando output in stile "
"BSD"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3448
msgid "<literal>ps -ef | pager</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>ps -ef | pager</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3451
msgid ""
"display information on all the running processes using Unix system-V style "
"output"
msgstr ""
"mostra informazioni su tutti i processi in esecuzione usando output in stile "
"system V Unix"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3456
msgid "<literal>ps aux | grep -e \"[e]xim4*\"</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>ps aux | grep -e \"[e]xim4*\"</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3459
msgid ""
"display all processes running \"<literal>exim</literal>\" and "
"\"<literal>exim4</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"mostra tutti i processi che stanno eseguendo \"<literal>exim</literal>\" e "
"\"<literal>exim4</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3464
msgid "<literal>ps axf | pager</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>ps axf | pager</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3467
msgid "display information on all the running processes with ASCII art output"
msgstr ""
"mostra informazioni su tutti i processi in esecuzione usando output in ASCII "
"art"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3472
msgid "<literal>kill &lt;1234&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>kill &lt;1234&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3475
msgid "kill a process identified by the process ID: \"&lt;1234&gt;\""
msgstr "uccide un processo identificato dall'ID \"&lt;1234&gt;\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3480
msgid "<literal>gzip &lt;foo&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>gzip &lt;pippo&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3483
msgid ""
"compress \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\" to create "
"\"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;.gz</literal>\" using the Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77)"
msgstr ""
"comprime <literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\" per creare "
"\"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;.gz</literal>\", usando la codifica Lempel-Ziv (LZ77)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3488
msgid "<literal>gunzip &lt;foo&gt;.gz</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>gunzip &lt;pippo&gt;.gz</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3491
msgid ""
"decompress \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;.gz</literal>\" to create "
"\"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"decomprime \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;.gz</literal>\" per creare "
"\"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3496
msgid "<literal>bzip2 &lt;foo&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>bzip2 &lt;pippo&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3499
msgid ""
"compress \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\" to create "
"\"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;.bz2</literal>\" using the Burrows-Wheeler block "
"sorting text compression algorithm, and Huffman coding (better compression "
"than <literal>gzip</literal>)"
msgstr ""
"comprime  \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\" per creare "
"\"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;.bz2</literal>\", usando l'algoritmo Burrows-Wheeler "
"per la compressione di testo con ordinamento di blocchi e la codifica "
"Huffman (compressione migliore di <literal>gzip</literal>)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3504
msgid "<literal>bunzip2 &lt;foo&gt;.bz2</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>bunzip2 &lt;pippo&gt;.bz2</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3507
msgid ""
"decompress \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;.bz2</literal>\" to create "
"\"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"decomprime \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;.bz2</literal>\" per creare "
"\"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3512
msgid "<literal>tar -xvf &lt;foo&gt;.tar</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>tar -xvf &lt;pippo&gt;.tar</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3515
msgid "extract files from \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;.tar</literal>\" archive"
msgstr "estrae i file dall'archivio \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;.tar</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3520
msgid "<literal>tar -xvzf &lt;foo&gt;.tar.gz</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>tar -xvzf &lt;pippo&gt;.tar.gz</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3523
msgid "extract files from gzipped \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;.tar.gz</literal>\" archive"
msgstr ""
"estrae file dall'archivio \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;.tar.gz</literal>\" "
"compresso con gzip"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3528
msgid "<literal>tar -xvf -j &lt;foo&gt;.tar.bz2</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>tar -xvf -j &lt;pippo&gt;.tar.bz2</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3531
msgid "extract files from \"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;.tar.bz2</literal>\" archive"
msgstr "estrae file dall'archivio \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;.tar.bz2</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3536
msgid "<literal>tar -cvf &lt;foo&gt;.tar &lt;bar&gt;/</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>tar -cvf &lt;pippo&gt;.tar &lt;pluto&gt;/</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3539
msgid ""
"archive contents of folder \"<literal>&lt;bar&gt;/</literal>\" in "
"\"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;.tar</literal>\" archive"
msgstr ""
"archivia i contenuti della directory \"<literal>&lt;pluto&gt;/</literal>\" "
"nell'archivio \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;.tar</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3544
msgid "<literal>tar -cvzf &lt;foo&gt;.tar.gz &lt;bar&gt;/</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>tar -cvzf &lt;pippo&gt;.tar.gz &lt;pluto&gt;/</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3547
msgid ""
"archive contents of folder \"<literal>&lt;bar&gt;/</literal>\" in compressed "
"\"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;.tar.gz</literal>\" archive"
msgstr ""
"archivia i contenuti della directory \"<literal>&lt;pluto&gt;/</literal>\" "
"nell'archivio compresso \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;.tar.gz</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3552
msgid "<literal>tar -cvjf &lt;foo&gt;.tar.bz2 &lt;bar&gt;/</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>tar -cvjf &lt;pippo&gt;.tar.bz2 &lt;pluto&gt;/</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3555
msgid ""
"archive contents of folder \"<literal>&lt;bar&gt;/</literal>\" in "
"\"<literal>&lt;foo&gt;.tar.bz2</literal>\" archive"
msgstr ""
"archivia i contenuti della directory \"<literal>&lt;plutor&gt;/</literal>\" "
"nell'archivio \"<literal>&lt;pippo&gt;.tar.bz2</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3560
msgid "<literal>zcat README.gz | pager</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>zcat README.gz | pager</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3563
msgid ""
"display contents of compressed \"<literal>README.gz</literal>\" using the "
"default pager"
msgstr ""
"mostra i contenuti del file compresso \"<literal>README.gz</literal>\" usando "
"il paginatore predefinito"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3568
msgid "<literal>zcat README.gz &gt; foo</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>zcat README.gz &gt; pippo</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3571
msgid ""
"create a file \"<literal>foo</literal>\" with the decompressed content of "
"\"<literal>README.gz</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"crea un file \"<literal>pippo</literal> con i contenuti di "
"\"<literal>README.gz</literal>\" decompressi"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3576
msgid "<literal>zcat README.gz &gt;&gt; foo</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>zcat README.gz &gt;&gt; pippo</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3579
msgid ""
"append the decompressed content of \"<literal>README.gz</literal>\" to the "
"end of the file \"<literal>foo</literal>\" (if it does not exist, create it "
"first)"
msgstr ""
"aggiunge i contenuti di \"<literal>README.gz</literal>\" decompressi in coda "
"al file \"<literal>pippo</literal>\" (se il file non esiste, lo crea)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3586
msgid ""
"Unix has a tradition to hide filenames which start with "
"\"<literal>.</literal>\".  They are traditionally files that contain "
"configuration information and user preferences."
msgstr ""
"Unix tradizionalmente nasconde i nomi di file che iniziano con "
"\"<literal>.</literal>\". Sono tradizionalmente file contenenti informazioni "
"di configurazione e preferenze dell'utente."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3589
msgid "For <literal>cd</literal> command, see <literal>builtins</literal>(7)."
msgstr ""
"Per il comando <literal>cd</literal> vedere <literal>builtins</literal>(7)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3592
msgid ""
"The default pager of the bare bone Debian system is "
"<literal>more</literal>(1) which cannot scroll back.  By installing the "
"<literal>less</literal> package using command line \"<literal>aptitude "
"install less</literal>\", <literal>less</literal>(1) becomes default pager "
"and you can scroll back with cursor keys."
msgstr ""
"Il paginatore predefinito del sistema di base di Debian Ãš "
"<literal>more</literal>(1) che non ha lo scorrimento all'indietro. "
"Installando il pacchetto <literal>less</literal>, con la riga di comando "
"\"<literal>aptitude install less</literal>\", <literal>less</literal>(1) "
"diventa il paginatore predefinito e si può così scorrere il testo "
"all'indietro usando i tasti freccia."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3595
msgid ""
"The \"<literal>[</literal>\" and \"<literal>]</literal>\" in the regular "
"expression of the \"<literal>ps aux | grep -e \"[e]xim4*\"</literal>\" "
"command above enable <literal>grep</literal> to avoid matching itself.  The "
"\"<literal>4*</literal>\" in the regular expression means 0 or more repeats "
"of character \"<literal>4</literal>\" thus enables <literal>grep</literal> "
"to match both \"<literal>exim</literal>\" and \"<literal>exim4</literal>\".  "
"Although \"<literal>*</literal>\" is used in the shell filename glob and the "
"regular expression, their meanings are different.  Learn the regular "
"expression from <literal>grep</literal>(1)."
msgstr ""
"I caratteri \"<literal>[</literal>\" e \"<literal>]</literal>\" nella "
"espressione regolare del comando \"<literal>ps aux | grep -e "
"\"[e]xim4*\"</literal>\" sopra citato, permettono a <literal>grep</literal> di "
"evitare di trovare corrispondenza con sé stesso. La parte "
"\"<literal>4*</literal>\" nella espressione regolare signifa 0 o più "
"ripetizioni del carattere \"<literal>4</literal>\" e perciò permette a "
"<literal>grep</literal> di trovare corrispondenza sia con "
"\"<literal>exim</literal>\" sia con \"<literal>exim4</literal>\". Sebbene il "
"carattere \"<literal>*</literal>\" sia usato nei nomi di file con "
"metacaratteri della shell e nelle espressioni regolari, il suo significato Ãš "
"diverso nei due casi. Si possono imparare le espressioni regolari da "
"<literal>grep</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3597
msgid ""
"Please traverse directories and peek into the system using the above "
"commands as training.  If you have questions on any of console commands, "
"please make sure to read the manual page."
msgstr ""
"Come esercizio, esplorare le directory e dare un'occhiata al sistema usando "
"i comandi citati sopra. Se si hanno domande su uno qualsiasi dei comandi in "
"console, assicurarsi di leggere la pagina di manuale."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3599
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ man man\n"
"$ man bash\n"
"$ man builtins\n"
"$ man grep\n"
"$ man ls"
msgstr ""
"$ man man\n"
"$ man bash\n"
"$ man builtins\n"
"$ man grep\n"
"$ man ls"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3604
msgid ""
"The style of man pages may be a little hard to get used to, because they are "
"rather terse, particularly the older, very traditional ones. But once you "
"get used to it, you come to appreciate their succinctness."
msgstr ""
"Può essere un po' difficile abituarsi allo stile delle pagine man perché "
"sono piuttosto concise, in particolar modo le più vecchie e tradizionali. "
"Una volta che ci si fa la mano, però, si apprezza la loro concisione."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3605
msgid ""
"Please note that many Unix-like commands including ones from GNU and BSD "
"display brief help information if you invoke them in one of the following "
"ways (or without any arguments in some cases)."
msgstr ""
"Notare che molti comandi in stile Unix, inclusi quelli da GNU e BSD, "
"mostrano una breve informazione di aiuto se li si invoca in uno dei modi "
"seguenti (o in alcuni casi se lo si fa senza usare opzioni)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3606
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ &lt;commandname&gt; --help\n"
"$ &lt;commandname&gt; -h"
msgstr ""
"$ &lt;nomecomando&gt; --help\n"
"$ &lt;nomecomando&gt; -h"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3611
msgid "The simple shell command"
msgstr "Il semplice comando di shell"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3612
msgid ""
"Now you have some feel on how to use the Debian system.  Let's look deep "
"into the mechanism of the command execution in the Debian system. Here, I "
"have simplified reality for the newbie.  See <literal>bash</literal>(1) for "
"the exact explanation."
msgstr ""
"Ora si ha un'idea di come usare il sistema Debian; Ãš tempo di dare uno "
"sguardo più approfondito al meccanismo di esecuzione dei comandi nel sistema "
"Debian. Qui la realtÃ  Ãš stata semplificata ad uso del principiante. Vedere "
"<literal>bash</literal>(1) per una spiegazione esatta."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3613
msgid "A simple command is a sequence of components."
msgstr "Un semplice comando Ãš formato da una sequenza di componenti."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3617
msgid "Variable assignments (optional)"
msgstr "Assegnazioni di variabili (opzionale)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3622
msgid "Command name"
msgstr "Nome del comando"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3627
msgid "Arguments (optional)"
msgstr "Opzioni (opzionali)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3632
msgid ""
"Redirections (optional: <literal>&gt;</literal> , "
"<literal>&gt;&gt;</literal> , <literal>&lt;</literal> , "
"<literal>&lt;&lt;</literal> , etc.)"
msgstr ""
"Ridirezioni (opzionali, <literal>&gt;</literal> , "
"<literal>&gt;&gt;</literal> , <literal>&lt;</literal> , "
"<literal>&lt;&lt;</literal> , ecc.)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><orderedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3637
msgid ""
"Control operator (optional: <literal>&amp;&amp;</literal> , "
"<literal>||</literal> , &lt;newline&gt; , <literal>;</literal> , "
"<literal>&amp;</literal> , <literal>(</literal> , <literal>)</literal> )"
msgstr ""
"Operatori di controllo (opzionale, <literal>&amp;&amp;</literal> , "
"<literal>||</literal> , &lt;a-capo&gt; , <literal>;</literal> , "
"<literal>&amp;</literal> , <literal>(</literal> , <literal>)</literal> )"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3642
msgid "Command execution and environment variable"
msgstr "Esecuzione dei comandi e variabili d'ambiente"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3643
msgid ""
"Values of some <ulink url=\"&environmentvariables;\">environment "
"variables</ulink> change the behavior of some Unix commands."
msgstr ""
"I valori di alcune <ulink url=\"&environmentvariables;\">environment "
"variables</ulink> cambiano il comportamento di alcuni comandi Unix."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3644
msgid ""
"Default values of environment variables are initially set by the PAM system "
"and then some of them may be reset by some application programs."
msgstr ""
"I valori predefiniti delle variabili d'ambiente sono impostati inizialmente "
"dal sistema PAM e poi alcuni di essi possono essere reimpostati da alcuni "
"programmi applicativi."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3648
msgid ""
"The display manager such as <literal>gdm</literal> resets environment "
"variables."
msgstr ""
"I display manager, come <literal>gdm</literal>, reimposta variabili "
"d'ambiente."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3653
msgid ""
"The shell in its start up codes resets environment variables in "
"\"<literal>~/bash_profile</literal>\" and \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"La shell reimposta variabili d'ambiente nel suo codice di avvio in "
"\"<literal>~/bash_profile</literal>\" e \"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3659
msgid "\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" variable"
msgstr "Variabile \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3660
msgid ""
"The full locale value given to \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" variable "
"consists of 3 parts: \"<literal>xx_YY.ZZZZ</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Il valore completo di localizzazione impostato nella variabile "
"\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" consiste di 3 parti: "
"\"<literal>xx_YY.ZZZZ</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3662
msgid "3 parts of locale value"
msgstr "Le 3 parti del valore di localizzazione"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3669
msgid "locale value"
msgstr "valore di localizzazione"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3679
msgid "<literal>xx</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>xx</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3682
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"&isogdjlanguagecoowercasesuchasen;\">ISO 639 language codes "
"(lower case) such as \"en\"</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"<ulink url=\"&isogdjlanguagecoowercasesuchasen;\">codice ISO 639 della lingua "
"(in minuscole), come \"en\"</ulink>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3687
msgid "<literal>YY</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>YY</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3690
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"&isodbggcountrycoppercasesuchasus;\">ISO 3166 country codes "
"(upper case) such as \"US\"</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"<ulink url=\"&isodbggcountrycoppercasesuchasus;\">codice ISO 3166 del paese "
"(in maiuscole) come \"US\"</ulink>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3695
msgid "<literal>ZZZZ</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>ZZZZ</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3698
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"&codesetalwayssettoutfi;\">codeset, always set to "
"\"UTF-8\"</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"<ulink url=\"&codesetalwayssettoutfi;\">codeset, impostato sempre ad "
"\"UTF-8\"</ulink>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3704
msgid ""
"For language codes and country codes, see pertinent description in the "
"\"<literal>info gettext</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Per i codici delle lingue e dei paesi, vedere le descrizioni pertinenti in "
"\"<literal>info gettext</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3705
msgid ""
"For the codeset on the modern Debian system, you should always set it to "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>UTF-8</literal></emphasis> unless you "
"specifically want to use the historic one with good reason and background "
"knowledge."
msgstr ""
"In un sistema Debian moderno il codeset dovrebbe essere sempre impostato a "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\"><literal>UTF-8</literal></emphasis>, a meno che non "
"si voglia specificatamente usare uno usato in passato e avendo una buona "
"ragione e le conoscenze per farlo."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3706
msgid ""
"For fine details of the locale configuration, see <xref "
"linkend=\"_the_locale\"/>."
msgstr ""
"Per dettagli più specifici sulla configurazione della localizzazione vedere "
"<xref linkend=\"_the_locale\"/>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3708
msgid ""
"The \"<literal>LANG=en_US</literal>\" is not \"<literal>LANG=C</literal>\" "
"nor \"<literal>LANG=en_US.UTF-8</literal>\". It is "
"\"<literal>LANG=en_US.ISO-8859-1</literal>\" (see <xref "
"linkend=\"_basics_of_encoding\"/>)."
msgstr ""
"\"<literal>LANG=en_US</literal>\" non Ãš \"<literal>LANG=C</literal>\" nÃ© "
"\"<literal>LANG=en_US.UTF-8</literal>\". È "
"\"<literal>LANG=en_US.ISO-8859-1</literal>\" (vedere <xref "
"linkend=\"_basics_of_encoding\"/>)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3711
msgid "List of locale recommendations"
msgstr "Elenco di localizzazioni raccomandate"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3718
msgid "locale recommendation"
msgstr "localizzazione raccomandata"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3721
msgid "Language (area)"
msgstr "lingua (zona)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3728 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18955
msgid "<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3731
msgid "English(USA)"
msgstr "inglese (USA)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3736
msgid "<literal>en_GB.UTF-8</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>en_GB.UTF-8</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3739
msgid "English(Great_Britain)"
msgstr "inglese (Gran Bretagna)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3744
msgid "<literal>fr_FR.UTF-8</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>fr_FR.UTF-8</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3747
msgid "French(France)"
msgstr "francese (Francia)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3752
msgid "<literal>de_DE.UTF-8</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>de_DE.UTF-8</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3755
msgid "German(Germany)"
msgstr "tedesco (Germania)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3760
msgid "<literal>it_IT.UTF-8</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>it_IT.UTF-8</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3763
msgid "Italian(Italy)"
msgstr "italiano (Italia)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3768 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18966 debian-reference.en.xmlt:18998
msgid "<literal>es_ES.UTF-8</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>es_ES.UTF-8</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3771
msgid "Spanish(Spain)"
msgstr "spagnolo (Spagna)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3776
msgid "<literal>ca_ES.UTF-8</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>ca_ES.UTF-8</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3779
msgid "Catalan(Spain)"
msgstr "catalano (spagna)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3784
msgid "<literal>sv_SE.UTF-8</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>sv_SE.UTF-8</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3787
msgid "Swedish(Sweden)"
msgstr "svedese (Svezia)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3792
msgid "<literal>pt_BR.UTF-8</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>pt_BR.UTF-8</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3795
msgid "Portuguese(Brazil)"
msgstr "portoghese (Brasile)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3800
msgid "<literal>ru_RU.UTF-8</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>ru_RU.UTF-8</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3803
msgid "Russian(Russia)"
msgstr "russo (Russia)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3808
msgid "<literal>zh_CN.UTF-8</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>zh_CN.UTF-8</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3811
msgid "Chinese(P.R._of_China)"
msgstr "cinese (Repubblica Popolare Cinese)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3816
msgid "<literal>zh_TW.UTF-8</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>zh_TW.UTF-8</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3819
msgid "Chinese(Taiwan_R.O.C.)"
msgstr "cinese (Taiwan Repubblica di Cina)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3824
msgid "<literal>ja_JP.UTF-8</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>ja_JP.UTF-8</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3827
msgid "Japanese(Japan)"
msgstr "giapponese (Giappone)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3832
msgid "<literal>ko_KR.UTF-8</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>ko_KR.UTF-8</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3835
msgid "Korean(Republic_of_Korea)"
msgstr "coreano (Corea del Sud)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3840
msgid "<literal>vi_VN.UTF-8</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>vi_VN.UTF-8</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3843
msgid "Vietnamese(Vietnam)"
msgstr "vietnamita (Vietnam)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3849
msgid "Typical command execution uses a shell line sequence as the following."
msgstr ""
"Una tipica esecuzione di un comando usa una sequenza sulla riga della shell "
"come la seguente."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3850
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ date\n"
"Sun Jun  3 10:27:39 JST 2007\n"
"$ LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8 date\n"
"dimanche 3 juin 2007, 10:27:33 (UTC+0900)"
msgstr ""
"$ date\n"
"Sun Jun  3 10:27:39 JST 2007\n"
"$ LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8 date\n"
"dimanche 3 juin 2007, 10:27:33 (UTC+0900)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3854
msgid ""
"Here, the program <literal>date</literal>(1) is executed with different "
"values of the environment variable \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"In questo caso il programma <literal>date</literal>(1) viene eseguito con "
"valori differenti della variabile d'ambiente \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3858
msgid ""
"For the first command, \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" is set to the system "
"default <ulink url=\"&locale;\">locale</ulink> value "
"\"<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Per il primo comando \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" Ãš impostata al valore di "
"<ulink url=\"&locale;\">localizzazione</ulink> predefinito di sistema: "
"\"<literal>en_US.UTF-8</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3863
msgid ""
"For the second command, \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" is set to the French "
"UTF-8 <ulink url=\"&locale;\">locale</ulink> value "
"\"<literal>fr_FR.UTF-8</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Per il secondo comando \"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" Ãš impostata al valore di "
"<ulink url=\"&locale;\">localizzazione</ulink> UTF-8 francese: "
"<literal>fr_FR.UTF-8</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3867
msgid ""
"Most command executions usually do not have preceding environment variable "
"definition.  For the above example, you can alternatively execute as the "
"following."
msgstr ""
"La maggior parte delle invocazioni di comandi non Ãš solitamente preceduta da "
"definizioni di variabili d'ambiente. In alternativa all'esempio precedente, "
"si può eseguire quanto segue."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3868
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8\n"
"$ date\n"
"dimanche 3 juin 2007, 10:27:33 (UTC+0900)"
msgstr ""
"$ LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8\n"
"$ date\n"
"dimanche 3 juin 2007, 10:27:33 (UTC+0900)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3871
msgid ""
"As you can see here, the output of command is affected by the environment "
"variable to produce French output.  If you want the environment variable to "
"be inherited to subprocesses (e.g., when calling shell script), you need to "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">export</emphasis> it instead by the following."
msgstr ""
"Come si puÃ² vedere, l'output del comando Ãš in questo caso influenzato dalla "
"variabile d'ambiente per produrre output in francese. Se si desidera che una "
"variabile d'ambiente venga ereditata da sottoprocessi, ad esempio quando si "
"invocano script di shell, Ãš necessario invece <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">esportarla</emphasis> nel modo seguente."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3872
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ export LANG"
msgstr "$ export LANG"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3874
msgid ""
"When filing a bug report, running and checking the command under "
"\"<literal>LANG=en_US.UTF-8</literal>\" is good idea if you use non-English "
"environment."
msgstr ""
"Quando si segnala un bug, Ãš una buona idea, se si usa un ambiente non "
"inglese,  eseguire e controllare il comando nella localizzazione "
"\"<literal>LANG=en_US.UTF-8</literal>\" "

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3876
msgid ""
"See <literal>locale</literal>(5) and <literal>locale</literal>(7) for "
"\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" and related environment variables."
msgstr ""
"Vedere <literal>locale</literal>(5) e <literal>locale</literal>(7) per "
"\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" e variabili d'ambiente correlate."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3878
msgid ""
"I recommend you to configure the system environment just by the "
"\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" variable and to stay away from "
"\"<literal>$LC_*</literal>\" variables unless it is absolutely needed."
msgstr ""
"Io raccomando di configurare l'ambiente di sistema usando solo la variabile "
"\"<literal>$LANG</literal>\" e di tenersi alla larga dalle variabili "
"\"<literal>$LC_*</literal>\" a meno che non sia strettamente necessario."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3882
msgid "\"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" variable"
msgstr "Variabile \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3883
msgid ""
"When you type a command into the shell, the shell searches the command in "
"the list of directories contained in the \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" "
"environment variable.  The value of the \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" "
"environment variable is also called the shell's search path."
msgstr ""
"Quando si digita un comando nella shell, questa cerca il comando nelle "
"directory nell'elenco contenuto nella variabile d'ambiente "
"\"<literal>$PATH</literal>\". Il valore della variabile d'ambiente "
"\"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" Ãš anche chiamato percorso di ricerca della shell."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3884
msgid ""
"In the default Debian installation, the \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" "
"environment variable of user accounts may not include "
"\"<literal>/sbin</literal>\" and \"<literal>/usr/sbin</literal>\".  For "
"example, the <literal>ifconfig</literal> command needs to be issued with "
"full path as \"<literal>/sbin/ifconfig</literal>\". (Similar "
"<literal>ip</literal> command is located in \"<literal>/bin</literal>\".)"
msgstr ""
"In una installazione Debian standard, la variabile d'ambiente "
"\"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" degli account utente può non includere "
"\"<literal>/sbin</literal>\" e \"<literal>/usr/sbin</literal>\". Il comando "
"<literal>ifconfig</literal>, per esempio, deve essere eseguito con il "
"percorso completo, come in \"<literal>/sbin/ifconfig</literal>\". (Il comando "
"simile <literal>ip</literal> si trova in \"<literal>/bin</literal>\".)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3885
msgid ""
"You can change the \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" environment variable of Bash "
"shell by \"<literal>~/.bash_profile</literal>\" or "
"\"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\" files."
msgstr ""
"Si può modificare la variabile d'ambiente \"<literal>$PATH</literal>\" della "
"shell Bash tramite il file \"<literal>~/.bash_profile</literal>\" o "
"\"<literal>~/.bashrc</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3888
msgid "\"<literal>$HOME</literal>\" variable"
msgstr "Variabile \"<literal>$HOME</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3889
msgid ""
"Many commands stores user specific configuration in the home directory and "
"changes their behavior by their contents.  The home directory is identified "
"by the environment variable \"<literal>$HOME</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Molti comandi memorizzano una configurazione specifica per l'utente nella "
"directory home e cambiano il loro comportamento in base al suo contenuto. La "
"directory home Ãš identificata dalla variabile d'ambiente "
"\"<literal>$HOME</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3891
msgid "List of \"<literal>$HOME</literal>\" values"
msgstr "Elenco di valori di \"<literal>$HOME</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3898
msgid "value of \"<literal>$HOME</literal>\""
msgstr "valore di \"<literal>$HOME</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3901
msgid "program execution situation"
msgstr "situazione di esecuzione del programma"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3911
msgid "program run by the init process (daemon)"
msgstr "programma eseguito da processo init (demone)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3916 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3948
msgid "<literal>/root</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>/root</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3919
msgid "program run from the normal root shell"
msgstr "programma eseguito dalla normale shell di root"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3924 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3932 debian-reference.en.xmlt:3940
msgid "<literal>/home/&lt;normal_user&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>/home/&lt;utente_normale&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3927
msgid "program run from the normal user shell"
msgstr "programma eseguito dalla shell di un utente normale"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3935
msgid "program run from the normal user GUI desktop menu"
msgstr "programma eseguito dal menu del desktop grafico di un utente normale"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3943
msgid "program run as root with \"<literal>sudo program</literal>\""
msgstr "programma eseguito come root con \"<literal>sudo programma</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3951
msgid "program run as root with \"<literal>sudo -H program</literal>\""
msgstr "programma eseguito come root con \"<literal>sudo -H programma</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3958
msgid ""
"Shell expands \"<literal>~/</literal>\" to current user’s home directory, "
"i.e., \"<literal>$HOME/</literal>\". Shell expands "
"\"<literal>~foo/</literal>\" to <literal>foo</literal>'s home directory, "
"i.e., \"<literal>/home/foo/</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"La shell espande \"<literal>~/</literal> nella directory home dell'utente "
"attuale, cioÃš \"<literal>$HOME/</literal>\". La shell espande "
"\"<literal>~pippo/</literal>\" nella directory home di "
"<literal>pippo</literal>, cioÃš \"<literal>/home/pippo/</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3962
msgid "Command line options"
msgstr "Opzioni della riga di comando"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3963
msgid ""
"Some commands take arguments.  Arguments starting with "
"\"<literal>-</literal>\" or \"<literal>--</literal>\" are called options and "
"control the behavior of the command."
msgstr ""
"Alcuni comandi accettano argomenti. Gli argomenti che iniziano con "
"\"<literal>-</literal>\" o \"<literal>--</literal>\" sono chiamati opzioni e "
"controllano il comportamento del comando."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3964
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ date\n"
"Mon Oct 27 23:02:09 CET 2003\n"
"$ date -R\n"
"Mon, 27 Oct 2003 23:02:40 +0100"
msgstr ""
"$ date\n"
"dom apr 18 23:22:36 CEST 2010\n"
"$ date -R\n"
"Sun, 18 Apr 2010 23:23:08 +0200"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3968
msgid ""
"Here the command-line argument \"<literal>-R</literal>\" changes "
"<literal>date</literal>(1) behavior to output <ulink "
"url=\"&rfccicc;\">RFC2822</ulink> compliant date string."
msgstr ""
"In questo caso l'opzione \"<literal>-R</literal>\" sulla riga di comando "
"cambia il comportamento di <literal>date</literal>(1) producendo in output "
"la data in una stringa conforme alla <ulink url=\"&rfccicc;\">RFC2822</ulink>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3971
msgid "Shell glob"
msgstr "Glob sella shell"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3972
msgid ""
"Often you want a command to work with a group of files without typing all of "
"them.  The filename expansion pattern using the shell <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">glob</emphasis>, (sometimes referred as <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">wildcards</emphasis>), facilitate this need."
msgstr ""
"Spesso si desidera che un comando abbia effetto su un gruppo di file senza "
"dover digitarli tutti. I modelli di espansione dei nomi di file che usano i "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">glob</emphasis> della shell, a volte detti <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">metacaratteri</emphasis> o <emphasis role=\"strong\">caratteri "
"jolly</emphasis>, facilitano questo compito."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3974
msgid "Shell glob patterns"
msgstr "Modelli di glob della shell"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3981
msgid "shell glob pattern"
msgstr "modello di glob della shell"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3984
msgid "description of match rule"
msgstr "descrizione della regola di corrispondenza"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3991
msgid "<literal>*</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>*</literal>"

# segment?
#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3994
msgid "filename (segment) not started with \"<literal>.</literal>\""
msgstr "nome file (segmento) che non inizia con \"<literal>.</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:3999
msgid "<literal>.*</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>.*</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4002
msgid "filename (segment) started with \"<literal>.</literal>\""
msgstr "nome file (segmento) che inizia con \"<literal>.</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4007 debian-reference.en.xmlt:6291
msgid "<literal>?</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>?</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4010
msgid "exactly one character"
msgstr "esattamente un carattere"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4015
msgid "<literal>[â€Š]</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>[â€Š]</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4018
msgid "exactly one character with any character enclosed in brackets"
msgstr "esattamente un carattere tra quelli racchiusi tra le parentesi quadre"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4023
msgid "<literal>[a-z]</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>[a-z]</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4026
msgid ""
"exactly one character with any character between \"<literal>a</literal>\" "
"and \"<literal>z</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"esattamente un carattere che sia un carattere compreso tra "
"\"<literal>a</literal>\" e \"<literal>z</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4031
msgid "<literal>[^â€Š]</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>[^â€Š]</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4034
msgid ""
"exactly one character other than any character enclosed in brackets "
"(excluding \"<literal>^</literal>\")"
msgstr ""
"esattamente un carattere che non sia uno di quelli racchiusi tra parentesi "
"quadre (non contando \"<literal>^</literal>\")"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4041
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ mkdir junk; cd junk; touch 1.txt 2.txt 3.c 4.h .5.txt ..6.txt\n"
"$ echo *.txt\n"
"1.txt 2.txt\n"
"$ echo *\n"
"1.txt 2.txt 3.c 4.h\n"
"$ echo *.[hc]\n"
"3.c 4.h\n"
"$ echo .*\n"
". .. .5.txt ..6.txt\n"
"$ echo .*[^.]*\n"
".5.txt ..6.txt\n"
"$ echo [^1-3]*\n"
"4.h\n"
"$ cd ..; rm -rf junk"
msgstr ""
"$ mkdir prova; cd prova; touch 1.txt 2.txt 3.c 4.h .5.txt ..6.txt\n"
"$ echo *.txt\n"
"1.txt 2.txt\n"
"$ echo *\n"
"1.txt 2.txt 3.c 4.h\n"
"$ echo *.[hc]\n"
"3.c 4.h\n"
"$ echo .*\n"
". .. .5.txt ..6.txt\n"
"$ echo .*[^.]*\n"
".5.txt ..6.txt\n"
"$ echo [^1-3]*\n"
"4.h\n"
"$ cd ..; rm -rf prova"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4055
msgid "See <literal>glob</literal>(7)."
msgstr "Vedere <literal>glob</literal>(7)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4057
msgid ""
"Unlike normal filename expansion by the shell, the shell pattern "
"\"<literal>*</literal>\" tested in <literal>find</literal>(1) with "
"\"<literal>-name</literal>\" test etc., matches the initial "
"\"<literal>.</literal>\" of the filename. (New <ulink "
"url=\"&posix;\">POSIX</ulink> feature)"
msgstr ""
"A differenza della normale espansione dei nomi della shell, il modello shell "
"\"<literal>*</literal>\" cercato dal comando <literal>find</literal>(1) con "
"la ricerca \"<literal>-name</literal>\" ecc., trova corrispondenza anche con "
"nomi di file che iniziano con \"<literal>.</literal>\". (Nuova funzionalità "
"<ulink url=\"&posix;\">POSIX</ulink>.)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4060
msgid ""
"BASH can be tweaked to change its glob behavior with its shopt builtin "
"options such as \"<literal>dotglob</literal>\", "
"\"<literal>noglob</literal>\", \"<literal>nocaseglob</literal>\", "
"\"<literal>nullglob</literal>\", \"<literal>nocaseglob</literal>\", "
"\"<literal>extglob</literal>\", etc.  See <literal>bash</literal>(1)."
msgstr ""
"Si può manipolare il comportamento di BASH in relazione ai modelli di glob "
"usando le sue opzioni shopt incorporate come \"<literal>dotglob</literal>\", "
"\"<literal>noglob</literal>\", \"<literal>nocaseglob</literal>\", "
"\"<literal>nullglob</literal>\", \"<literal>nocaseglob</literal>\", "
"\"<literal>extglob</literal>\", ecc. Vedere <literal>bash</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4064
msgid "Return value of the command"
msgstr "Valore restituito dal comando"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4065
msgid ""
"Each command returns its exit status (variable: \"<literal>$?</literal>\") "
"as the return value."
msgstr ""
"Ogni comando restituisce il suo stato di uscita (variabile "
"\"<literal>$?</literal>\") come valore restituito."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4067
msgid "Command exit codes"
msgstr "Codici di uscita dei comandi"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4075
msgid "command exit status"
msgstr "stato di uscita del comando"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4078
msgid "numeric return value"
msgstr "valore numerico restituito"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4081
msgid "logical return value"
msgstr "valore logico restituito"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4088
msgid "success"
msgstr "successo"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4091
msgid "zero, 0"
msgstr "zero, 0"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4094
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">TRUE</emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">VERO</emphasis>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4099
msgid "error"
msgstr "errore"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4102
msgid "non-zero, -1"
msgstr "non-zero, -1"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4105
msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">FALSE</emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">FALSO</emphasis>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4112
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ [ 1 = 1 ] ; echo $?\n"
"0\n"
"$ [ 1 = 2 ] ; echo $?\n"
"1"
msgstr ""
"$ [ 1 = 1 ] ; echo $?\n"
"0\n"
"$ [ 1 = 2 ] ; echo $?\n"
"1"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4117
msgid ""
"Please note that, in the logical context for the shell, <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">success</emphasis> is treated as the logical <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">TRUE</emphasis> which has 0 (zero) as its value.  This is "
"somewhat non-intuitive and needs to be reminded here."
msgstr ""
"Notare che, nel contesto logico della shell, il <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">successo</emphasis> Ãš trattato come il valore logico <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">VERO</emphasis> che ha valore numerico 0 (zero). Questo Ãš in "
"qualche modo non intuitivo ed Ãš bene rimarcarlo."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4121
msgid "Typical command sequences and shell redirection"
msgstr "Sequenze tipiche di comandi e ridirezione della shell"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4122
msgid ""
"Let's try to remember following shell command idioms typed in one line as a "
"part of shell command."
msgstr ""
"È bene cercare di ricordare i seguenti idiomi per comandi di shell che "
"vengono digitati sulla stessa riga come parte del comando di shell."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4124
msgid "Shell command idioms"
msgstr "Idiomi per comandi di shell"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4131
msgid "command idiom"
msgstr "idioma per comando"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4141
msgid "<literal>command &amp;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>comando &amp;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4143
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">background</emphasis> execution of "
"<literal>command</literal> in the subshell"
msgstr ""
"esegue <literal>comando</literal> sullo <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">sfondo</emphasis> in una sotto-shell"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4148
msgid "<literal>command1 | command2</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>comando1 | comando2</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4150
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">pipe</emphasis> the standard output of "
"<literal>command1</literal> to the standard input of "
"<literal>command2</literal> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">concurrent</emphasis> "
"execution)"
msgstr ""
"invia tramite <emphasis role=\"strong\">pipe</emphasis> lo standard output di "
"<literal>comando1</literal> allo standard input di "
"<literal>comando2</literal> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">esecuzione "
"concorrente</emphasis>)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4155
msgid "<literal>command1 2&gt;&amp;1 | command2</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>comando1 2&gt;&amp;1 | comando2</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4157
msgid ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">pipe</emphasis> both standard output and standard "
"error of <literal>command1</literal> to the standard input of "
"<literal>command2</literal> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">concurrent</emphasis> "
"execution)"
msgstr ""
"invia tramite <emphasis role=\"strong\">pipe</emphasis> sia lo standard output "
"sia lo standard error di <literal>comando1</literal> allo standard input di "
"<literal>comando2</literal> (<emphasis role=\"strong\">esecuzione</emphasis> "
"concorrente)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4162
msgid "<literal>command1 ; command2</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>comando1 ; comando2</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4165
msgid ""
"execute <literal>command1</literal> and <literal>command2</literal> "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">sequentially</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"esegue <literal>comando1</literal> e <literal>comando2</literal> in "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">sequenza</emphasis>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4170
msgid "<literal>command1 &amp;&amp; command2</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>comando1 &amp;&amp; comando2</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4173
msgid ""
"execute <literal>command1</literal>; if successful, execute "
"<literal>command2</literal> <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">sequentially</emphasis> (return success if both "
"<literal>command1</literal> <emphasis role=\"strong\">and</emphasis> "
"<literal>command2</literal> are successful)"
msgstr ""
"esegue <literal>comando1</literal>; se ha successo, esegue "
"<literal>comando2</literal> in <emphasis role=\"strong\">sequenza</emphasis> "
"(restituisce lo stato di successo se sia <literal>comando1</literal> "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">sia</emphasis> <literal>comando2</literal> hanno "
"successo)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4178
msgid "<literal>command1 || command2</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>comando1 || comando2</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4181
msgid ""
"execute <literal>command1</literal>; if not successful, execute "
"<literal>command2</literal> <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">sequentially</emphasis> (return success if "
"<literal>command1</literal> <emphasis role=\"strong\">or</emphasis> "
"<literal>command2</literal> are successful)"
msgstr ""
"esegue <literal>comando1</literal>; se non ha successo, esegue "
"<literal>comando2</literal> in <emphasis role=\"strong\">sequenza</emphasis> "
"(restituisce lo stato di successo se <literal>comando1</literal> <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">o</emphasis> <literal>comando2</literal> ha successo)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4186
msgid "<literal>command &gt; foo</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>comando &gt; pippo</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4189
msgid ""
"redirect standard output of <literal>command</literal> to a file "
"<literal>foo</literal> (overwrite)"
msgstr ""
"ridirige lo standard output di <literal>comando</literal> al file "
"\"<literal>pippo</literal>\" (sovrascrivendolo)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4194
msgid "<literal>command 2&gt; foo</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>comando 2&gt; pippo</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4197
msgid ""
"redirect standard error of <literal>command</literal> to a file "
"<literal>foo</literal> (overwrite)"
msgstr ""
"ridirige lo standard error di <literal>comando</literal> al file "
"\"<literal>pippo</literal>\" (sovrascrivendolo)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4202
msgid "<literal>command &gt;&gt; foo</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>comando &gt;&gt; pippo</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4205
msgid ""
"redirect standard output of <literal>command</literal> to a file "
"<literal>foo</literal> (append)"
msgstr ""
"ridirige lo standard output di <literal>comando</literal> al file "
"\"<literal>pippo</literal>\" (aggiungendo in coda)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4210
msgid "<literal>command 2&gt;&gt; foo</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>comando 2&gt;&gt; pippo</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4213
msgid ""
"redirect standard error of <literal>command</literal> to a file "
"<literal>foo</literal> (append)"
msgstr ""
"ridirige lo standard error di <literal>comando</literal> al file "
"\"<literal>pippo</literal>\" (aggiungendo in coda)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4218
msgid "<literal>command &gt; foo 2&gt;&amp;1</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>comando &gt; pippo 2&gt;&amp;1</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4221
msgid ""
"redirect both standard output and standard error of "
"<literal>command</literal> to a file \"<literal>foo</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"ridirige sia lo standard output sia lo standard error di "
"<literal>comando</literal> al file \"<literal>pippo</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4226
msgid "<literal>command &lt; foo</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>comando &lt; pippo</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4229
msgid ""
"redirect standard input of <literal>command</literal> to a file "
"<literal>foo</literal>"
msgstr ""
"usa come standard input di <literal>comando</literal> il file "
"\"<literal>pippo</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4234
msgid "<literal>command &lt;&lt; delimiter</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>comando &lt;&lt; delimitatore</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4237
msgid ""
"redirect standard input of <literal>command</literal> to the following lines "
"until \"<literal>delimiter</literal>\" is met (here document)"
msgstr ""
"usa come standard input di <literal>comando</literal> le righe che seguono "
"fino a che non viene incontrato il testo \"<literal>delimitatore</literal>\" "
"(inserire un documento)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4242
msgid "<literal>command &lt;&lt;- delimiter</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>command &lt;&lt;- delimitatore</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4245
msgid ""
"redirect standard input of <literal>command</literal> to the following lines "
"until \"<literal>delimiter</literal>\" is met (here document, the leading "
"tab characters are stripped from input lines)"
msgstr ""
"usa come standard input di <literal>comando</literal> le righe che seguono "
"fino a che non viene incontrato il testo \"<literal>delimitatore</literal>\"; "
"i caratteri di tabulazione iniziali vengono eliminate dal testo (inserire un "
"documento)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4251
msgid ""
"The Debian system is a multi-tasking system. Background jobs allow users to "
"run multiple programs in a single shell.  The management of the background "
"process involves the shell builtins: <literal>jobs</literal>, "
"<literal>fg</literal>, <literal>bg</literal>, and <literal>kill</literal>.  "
"Please read sections of bash(1) under \"SIGNALS\", and \"JOB CONTROL\", and "
"<literal>builtins</literal>(1)."
msgstr ""
"Il sistema Debian Ãš un sistema multi-tasking. I compiti sullo sfondo "
"permettono agli utenti di eseguire più programmi in una singola shell. La "
"gestione dei processi sullo sfondo coinvolge i comandi interni della shell "
"<literal>jobs</literal>, <literal>fg</literal>, <literal>bg</literal> e "
"<literal>kill</literal>. Leggere le sezioni \"SIGNALS\" e \"JOB CONTROL\" di "
"bash(1) e <literal>builtins</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4253
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ &lt;/etc/motd pager"
msgstr "$ &lt;/etc/motd pager"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4254
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ pager &lt;/etc/motd"
msgstr "$ pager &lt;/etc/motd"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4255
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ pager /etc/motd"
msgstr "$ pager /etc/motd"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4256
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ cat /etc/motd | pager"
msgstr "$ cat /etc/motd | pager"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4257
msgid ""
"Although all 4 examples of shell redirections display the same thing, the "
"last example runs an extra <literal>cat</literal> command and wastes "
"resources with no reason."
msgstr ""
"Benché tutti i 4 esempi di ridirezione della shell mostrino la stessa cosa, "
"l'ultimo esempio esegue un comando <literal>cat</literal> aggiuntivo e "
"spreca risorse senza motivo."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4258
msgid ""
"The shell allows you to open files using the <literal>exec</literal> builtin "
"with an arbitrary file descriptor."
msgstr ""
"La shell permette di aprire file usando il comando interno "
"<literal>exec</literal>con un descrittore di file arbitrario."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4259
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ echo Hello &gt;foo\n"
"$ exec 3&lt;foo 4&gt;bar  # open files\n"
"$ cat &lt;&amp;3 &gt;&amp;4       # redirect stdin to 3, stdout to 4\n"
"$ exec 3&lt;&amp;- 4&gt;&amp;-    # close files\n"
"$ cat bar\n"
"Hello"
msgstr ""
"$ echo Hello &gt;pippo\n"
"$ exec 3&lt;pippo 4&gt;pluto  # apre i file\n"
"$ cat &lt;&amp;3 &gt;&amp;4       # ridirige lo stdin in 3, lo stdout in 4\n"
"$ exec 3&lt;&amp;- 4&gt;&amp;-    # chiude i file\n"
"$ cat pluto\n"
"Hello"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4265
msgid ""
"Here, \"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis>&lt;&amp;-</literal>\" and "
"\"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis>&gt;&amp;-</literal>\" mean to close the "
"file descriptor \"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis></literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"In questo esempio, \"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis>&lt;&amp;-</literal> e "
"\"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis>&gt;&amp;-</literal> servono a chiudere il "
"descrittore di file \"<literal><emphasis>n</emphasis></literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4266
msgid "The file descriptor 0-2 are predefined."
msgstr "I descrittori di file 0-2 sono predefiniti."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4268
msgid "Predefined file descriptors"
msgstr "Descrittori di file predefiniti"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4276
msgid "device"
msgstr "device"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4282
msgid "file descriptor"
msgstr "descrittore del file"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4289
msgid "<literal>stdin</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>stdin</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4292
msgid "standard input"
msgstr "standard input"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4295 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9759 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20048
msgid "0"
msgstr "0"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4300
msgid "<literal>stdout</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>stdout</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4303
msgid "standard output"
msgstr "standard output"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4306 debian-reference.en.xmlt:8488 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9770 debian-reference.en.xmlt:11146 debian-reference.en.xmlt:20416
msgid "1"
msgstr "1"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4311
msgid "<literal>stderr</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>stderr</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4314
msgid "standard error"
msgstr "standard error"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4317 debian-reference.en.xmlt:9781
msgid "2"
msgstr "2"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4325
msgid "Command alias"
msgstr "Alias di comandi"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4326
msgid "You can set an alias for the frequently used command."
msgstr "Si possono impostare alias per i comandi usati di frequente."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4328
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ alias la='ls -la'"
msgstr "$ alias la='ls -la'"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4329
msgid ""
"Now, \"<literal>la</literal>\" works as a short hand for \"<literal>ls "
"-la</literal>\" which lists all files in the long listing format."
msgstr ""
"Ora \"<literal>la</literal>\" funziona da scorciatoia per \"<literal>ls "
"-la</literal>\" che elenca tutti i file nel formato di elencazione esteso."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4330
msgid ""
"You can list any existing aliases by <literal>alias</literal> (see "
"<literal>bash</literal>(1) under \"SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS\")."
msgstr ""
"Si possono elencare tutti gli alias esistenti con <literal>alias</literal> "
"(vedere la sezione \"SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS\" in </literal>bash<literal>(1))."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4331
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ alias\n"
"...\n"
"alias la='ls -la'"
msgstr ""
"$ alias\n"
"...\n"
"alias la='ls -la'"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4334
msgid ""
"You can identity exact path or identity of the command by "
"<literal>type</literal> (see <literal>bash</literal>(1) under \"SHELL "
"BUILTIN COMMANDS\")."
msgstr ""
"Si può identificare il percorso esatto o l'identità di un comando con "
"<literal>type</literal> (vedere la sezione \"SHELL BUILTIN COMMANDS\") di "
"<literal>bash</literal>(1))."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4336
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ type ls\n"
"ls is hashed (/bin/ls)\n"
"$ type la\n"
"la is aliased to ls -la\n"
"$ type echo\n"
"echo is a shell builtin\n"
"$ type file\n"
"file is /usr/bin/file"
msgstr ""
"$ type ls\n"
"ls is hashed (/bin/ls)\n"
"$ type la\n"
"la is aliased to ls -la\n"
"$ type echo\n"
"echo is a shell builtin\n"
"$ type file\n"
"file is /usr/bin/file"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4344
msgid ""
"Here <literal>ls</literal> was recently searched while "
"\"<literal>file</literal>\" was not, thus \"<literal>ls</literal>\" is "
"\"hashed\", i.e., the shell has an internal record for the quick access to "
"the location of the \"<literal>ls</literal>\" command."
msgstr ""
"In questo caso <literal>ls</literal> era stato cercato di recente mentre "
"\"<literal>file</literal>\" no, percio \"<literal>ls</literal>\" risulta "
"\"hashed\", cioÃš la shell ha un record interno per un accesso veloce alla "
"posizione del comando \"<literal>ls</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4346 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4690
msgid "See <xref linkend=\"_colorized_commands\"/>."
msgstr "Vedere <xref linkend=\"_colorized_commands\"/>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4351
msgid "Unix-like text processing"
msgstr "Elaborazione di testo stile Unix"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4352
msgid ""
"In Unix-like work environment, text processing is done by piping text "
"through chains of standard text processing tools. This was another crucial "
"Unix innovation."
msgstr ""
"Nell'ambiente di lavoro Unix, l'elaborazione del testo viene fatta "
"instradando il testo tramite pipe attraverso catene di strumenti standard "
"per l'elaborazione del testo. Questa Ãš stata un'altra fondamentale "
"innovazione di Unix."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4354
msgid "Unix text tools"
msgstr "Strumenti Unix per il testo"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4355
msgid ""
"There are few standard text processing tools which are used very often on "
"the Unix-like system."
msgstr ""
"Ci sono alcuni strumenti di elaborazione del testo che sono usati molto "
"spesso in un sistema *nix."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4359
msgid "No regular expression is used:"
msgstr "Senza l'uso di alcuna espressione regolare:"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4363
msgid "<literal>cat</literal>(1) concatenates files and outputs the whole content."
msgstr ""
"<literal>cat</literal>(1) concatena file e produce in output il contenuto "
"totale."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4367
msgid "<literal>tac</literal>(1) concatenates files and outputs in reverse."
msgstr ""
"<literal>tac</literal>(1) concatena file e produce l'output in senso "
"inverso."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4371
msgid "<literal>cut</literal>(1) selects parts of lines and outputs."
msgstr ""
"<literal>cut</literal>(1) seleziona parti di righe e le produce in output."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4375
msgid "<literal>head</literal>(1) outputs the first part of files."
msgstr "<literal>head</literal>(1) produce in output la prima parte di file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4379
msgid "<literal>tail</literal>(1) outputs the last part of files."
msgstr "<literal>tail</literal>(1) produce in output l'ultima parte di file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4383
msgid "<literal>sort</literal>(1) sorts lines of text files."
msgstr "<literal>sort</literal>(1) ordina righe in file di testo."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4387
msgid "<literal>uniq</literal>(1) removes duplicate lines from a sorted file."
msgstr "<literal>uniq</literal>(1) rimuove righe duplicate da un file ordinato."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4391
msgid "<literal>tr</literal>(1) translates or deletes characters."
msgstr "<literal>tr</literal>(1) trasforma o elimina caratteri."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4395
msgid "<literal>diff</literal>(1) compares files line by line."
msgstr "<literal>diff</literal>(1) paragona file riga per riga."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4402
msgid "Basic regular expression (<emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>) is used:"
msgstr ""
"Con l'uso di espressioni regolari di base (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>):"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4406
msgid "<literal>grep</literal>(1) matches text with patterns."
msgstr "<literal>grep</literal>(1) trova corrispondenze di testo con modelli."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4410
msgid "<literal>ed</literal>(1) is a primitive line editor."
msgstr "<literal>ed</literal>(1) Ãš un primitivo editor di riga."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4414
msgid "<literal>sed</literal>(1) is a stream editor."
msgstr "<literal>sed</literal>(1) Ãš un editor di flussi."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4418
msgid "<literal>vim</literal>(1) is a screen editor."
msgstr "<literal>vim</literal>(1) Ãš un editor a schermo."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4422
msgid ""
"<literal>emacs</literal>(1) is a screen editor. (somewhat extended <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>)"
msgstr ""
"<literal>emacs</literal>(1) Ãš un editor a schermo (con <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis> un po' estese)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4429
msgid ""
"Extended regular expression (<emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>) is "
"used:"
msgstr ""
"Con l'uso di espressioni regolari estese (<emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>):"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4433
msgid "<literal>egrep</literal>(1) matches text with patterns."
msgstr "<literal>egrep</literal>(1) trova corrispondenze di testo con modelli."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4437
msgid "<literal>awk</literal>(1) does simple text processing."
msgstr "<literal>awk</literal>(1) fa semplici elaborazioni di testo."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4441
msgid ""
"<literal>tcl</literal>(3tcl) can do every conceivable text processing: "
"<literal>re_syntax</literal>(3). Often used with <literal>tk</literal>(3tk)."
msgstr ""
"<literal>tcl</literal>(3tcl) può fare ogni elaborazione di testo "
"immaginabile: <literal>re_syntax</literal>(3). Spesso usato con "
"<literal>tk</literal>(3tk)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4445
msgid ""
"<literal>perl</literal>(1) can do every conceivable text processing.  "
"<literal>perlre</literal>(1)."
msgstr ""
"<literal>perl</literal>(1) può fare ogni elaborazione di testo immaginabile. "
"<literal>perlre</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4449
msgid ""
"<literal>pcregrep</literal>(1) from the <literal>pcregrep</literal> package "
"matches text with <ulink url=\"&perlcompatiblererexpressionspcre;\">Perl "
"Compatible Regular Expressions (PCRE)</ulink> pattern."
msgstr ""
"<literal>pcregrep</literal>(1) dal pacchetto <literal>pcregrep</literal> "
"trova corrispondenze di testo con modelli <ulink "
"url=\"&perlcompatiblererexpressionspcre;\">PCRE (Perl Compatible Regular "
"Expressions)</ulink>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><itemizedlist><listitem><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4453
msgid ""
"<literal>python</literal>(1) with the <literal>re</literal> module can do "
"every conceivable text processing. See "
"\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/python/html/index.html</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"<literal>python</literal>(1) con il modulo <literal>re</literal> può fare "
"ogni elaborazione di testo immaginabile. Vedere "
"\"<literal>/usr/share/doc/python/html/index.html</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4459
msgid ""
"If you are not sure what exactly these commands do, please use "
"\"<literal>man command</literal>\" to figure it out by yourself."
msgstr ""
"Se non si Ãš sicuri di cosa facciano esattamente questi comandi, usare "
"\"<literal>man comando</literal>\" per scoprirlo."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4461
msgid ""
"Sort order and range expression are locale dependent.  If you wish to obtain "
"traditional behavior for a command, use <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">C</emphasis> locale instead of <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">UTF-8</emphasis> ones by prepnding command with "
"\"<literal>LANG=C</literal>\" (see <xref "
"linkend=\"_literal_lang_literal_variable\"/> and <xref "
"linkend=\"_the_locale\"/>)."
msgstr ""
"Il criterio di ordinamento e le espressioni di intervalli dipendono dalla "
"localizzazione. Se si desidera ottenere il comportamento tradizionale di un "
"comando, usare la localizzazione <emphasis role=\"strong\">C</emphasis> invece "
"di quelle <emphasis role=\"strong\">UTF-8</emphasis> anteponendo al comando "
"\"<literal>LANG=C</literal>\" (vedere <xref "
"linkend=\"_literal_lang_literal_variable\"/> e <xref linkend=\"_the_locale\"/>)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4464
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"&perl;\">Perl</ulink> regular expressions "
"(<literal>perlre</literal>(1)), <ulink "
"url=\"&perlcompatiblererexpressionspcre;\">Perl Compatible Regular "
"Expressions (PCRE)</ulink>, and <ulink url=\"&python;\">Python</ulink> "
"regular expressions offered by the <literal>re</literal> module have many "
"common extensions to the normal <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>."
msgstr ""
"Le espressioni regolari <ulink url=\"&perl;\">Perl</ulink> "
"(<literal>perlre</literal>(1)), le <ulink "
"url=\"&perlcompatiblererexpressionspcre;\">PCRE (Perl Compatible Regular "
"Expressions)</ulink> e le espressioni regolari <ulink "
"url=\"&python;\">Python</ulink> fornite dal modulo <literal>re</literal> hanno "
"molte estensioni comuni delle normali <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4468
msgid "Regular expressions"
msgstr "Espressioni regolari"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4469
msgid ""
"<ulink url=\"&regularexpressions;\">Regular expressions</ulink> are used in "
"many text processing tools.  They are analogous to the shell globs, but they "
"are more complicated and powerful."
msgstr ""
"Le <ulink url=\"&regularexpressions;\">espressioni regolari</ulink> sono usate "
"in molti strumenti di elaborazione del testo. Sono analoghe ai modelli di "
"glob della shell, ma sono più complesse e potenti."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4470
msgid ""
"The regular expression describes the matching pattern and is made up of text "
"characters and <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacters</emphasis>."
msgstr ""
"Una espressione regolare descrive il modello a cui trovare corrispondenza ed "
"Ãš composta da caratteri di testo e <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">metacaratteri</emphasis>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4471
msgid ""
"The <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacter</emphasis> is just a character "
"with a special meaning.  There are 2 major styles, <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis> and <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>, "
"depending on the text tools as described above."
msgstr ""
"Un <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacarattere</emphasis> Ãš semplicemente un "
"carattere con un significato speciale. Ci sono 2 stili principali, <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis> e <emphasis role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>, a "
"seconda degli strumenti di testo descritti in precedenza."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4473
msgid "Metacharacters for BRE and ERE"
msgstr "Metacaratteri per BRE e ERE"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4481
msgid "BRE"
msgstr "BRE"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4484
msgid "ERE"
msgstr "ERE"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4487
msgid "description of the regular expression"
msgstr "descrizione della espressione regolare"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4494
msgid "<literal> \\ .  [ ] ^ $ * </literal>"
msgstr "<literal> \\ .  [ ] ^ $ * </literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4497
msgid "<literal>\\ .  [ ] ^ $ *</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>\\ .  [ ] ^ $ *</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4500
msgid "common <emphasis role=\"strong\">metacharacters</emphasis>"
msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">metacaratteri</emphasis> comuni"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4505
msgid "<literal>\\+ \\? \\( \\) \\{ \\} \\|</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>\\+ \\? \\( \\) \\{ \\} \\|</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4511
msgid ""
"BRE only \"<literal>\\</literal>\" escaped <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">metacharacters</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">metacaratteri</emphasis> protetti dal carattere "
"\"<literal>\\</literal>\" di escape solo di BRE"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4519
msgid "<literal>+ ? ( ) { } |</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>+ ? ( ) { } |</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4522
msgid ""
"ERE only non-\"<literal>\\</literal>\" escaped <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">metacharacters</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">metacaratteri</emphasis> non protetti dal carattere "
"\"<literal>\\</literal>\" di escape solo di ERE"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4533
msgid ""
"match <emphasis role=\"strong\">non-metacharacter</emphasis> "
"\"<literal>c</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"corrisponde al <emphasis role=\"strong\">non metacarattere</emphasis> "
"\"<literal>c</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4538 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4541
msgid "<literal>\\c</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>\\c</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4544
msgid ""
"match a literal character \"<literal>c</literal>\" even if "
"\"<literal>c</literal>\" is <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">metacharacter</emphasis> by itself"
msgstr ""
"corrisponde al carattere letterale \"<literal>c</literal>\" anche se "
"\"<literal>c</literal>\" Ãš in sÃ© stesso un <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">metacarattere</emphasis>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4549 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4552
msgid "<literal>.</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>.</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4555
msgid "match any character including newline"
msgstr "corrisponde a qualsiasi carattere incluso il carattere di a capo"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4560 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4563
msgid "<literal>^</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>^</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4566
msgid "position at the beginning of a string"
msgstr "posizione all'inizio di una stringa"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4571 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4574
msgid "<literal>$</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>$</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4577
msgid "position at the end of a string"
msgstr "posizione alla fine di una stringa"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4582 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4585
msgid "<literal>\\&lt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>\\&lt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4588
msgid "position at the beginning of a word"
msgstr "posizione all'inizio di una parola"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4593 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4596
msgid "<literal>\\&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>\\&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4599
msgid "position at the end of a word"
msgstr "posizione alla fine di una parola"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4604
msgid "<literal>\\[abcâ€Š\\]</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>\\[abcâ€Š\\]</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4607
msgid "<literal>[abcâ€Š]</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>[abcâ€Š]</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4610
msgid "match any characters in \"<literal>abcâ€Š</literal>\""
msgstr "corrisponde ad ogni carattere in \"<literal>abc...</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4615
msgid "<literal>\\[^abcâ€Š\\]</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>\\[^abcâ€Š\\]</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4618
msgid "<literal>[^abcâ€Š]</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>[^abcâ€Š]</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4621
msgid "match any characters except in \"<literal>abcâ€Š</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"corrisponde ad ogni carattere eccetto a quelli in "
"\"<literal>abc...</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4626 debian-reference.en.xmlt:4629
msgid "<literal>r*</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>r*</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4632
msgid ""
"match zero or more regular expressions identified by "
"\"<literal>r</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"corrisponde a zero o più occorrenze della espressione regolare identificata "
"da \"<literal>r</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4637
msgid "<literal>r\\+</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>r\\+</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4640
msgid "<literal>r+</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>r+</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4643
msgid "match one or more regular expressions identified by \"<literal>r</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"corrisponde ad una o più occorrenza della espressione regolare identificata "
"da \"<literal>r</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4648
msgid "<literal>r\\?</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>r\\?</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4651
msgid "<literal>r?</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>r?</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4654
msgid "match zero or one regular expressions identified by \"<literal>r</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"corrisponde a zero o una occorrenza dell'espressione regolare identificata "
"da \"<literal>r</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4659
msgid "<literal>r1\\|r2</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>r1\\|r2</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4662
msgid "<literal>r1|r2</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>r1|r2</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4665
msgid ""
"match one of the regular expressions identified by \"<literal>r1</literal>\" "
"or \"<literal>r2</literal>\""
msgstr ""
"corrisponde ad una occorrenza della espressione regolare identificata da "
"\"<literal>r1</literal>\" o \"<literal>r2</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4670
msgid "<literal>\\(r1\\|r2\\)</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>\\(r1\\|r2\\)</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4673
msgid "<literal>(r1|r2)</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>(r1|r2)</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4676
msgid ""
"match one of the regular expressions identified by \"<literal>r1</literal>\" "
"or \"<literal>r2</literal>\" and treat it as a <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">bracketed</emphasis> regular expression"
msgstr ""
"corrisponde ad una occorrenza dell'espressione regolare identificata da "
"\"<literal>r1</literal>\" o \"<literal>r2</literal>\" e la tratta come una "
"espressione regolare <emphasis role=\"strong\">tra parentesi</emphasis>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4682
msgid ""
"The regular expression of <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\"><literal>emacs</literal></emphasis> is basically <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis> but has been extended to treat "
"\"<literal>+</literal>\"and \"<literal>?</literal>\" as the <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">metacharacters</emphasis> as in <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>.  Thus, there are no needs to escape them "
"with \"<literal>\\</literal>\" in the regular expression of "
"<literal>emacs</literal>."
msgstr ""
"Le espressioni regolari di <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\"><literal>emacs</literal></emphasis> sono fondamentalmente "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>, ma sono state estese per trattare "
"\"<literal>+</literal>\" e \"<literal>?</literal>\" come i <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">metacaratteri</emphasis> nelle <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>. Perciò, nelle espressioni regolari di "
"<literal>emacs</literal>, non Ãš necessario proteggerli con il carattere di "
"escape \"<literal>\\</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4683
msgid ""
"<literal>grep</literal>(1) can be used to perform the text search using the "
"regular expression."
msgstr ""
"Per effettuare ricerche di testo usando espressioni regolari si può usare "
"<literal>grep</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4685
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ egrep 'GNU.*LICENSE|Yoyodyne' /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL\n"
"GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\n"
"GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\n"
"Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program"
msgstr ""
"$ egrep 'GNU.*LICENSE|Yoyodyne' /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL\n"
"GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\n"
"GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE\n"
"Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4694
msgid "Replacement expressions"
msgstr "Espressioni di sostituzione"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4695
msgid "For the replacement expression, some characters have special meanings."
msgstr ""
"Per le espressioni di sostituzione alcuni caratteri hanno un significato "
"particolare."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4697
msgid "The replacement expression"
msgstr "L'espressione di sostituzione"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4704
msgid "replacement expression"
msgstr "espressione di sostituzione"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4707
msgid "description of the text to replace the replacement expression"
msgstr "descrizione del testo che sostituirà l'espressione di sostituzione"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4714
msgid "<literal>&amp;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>&amp;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4717
msgid ""
"what the regular expression matched (use <literal>\\&amp;</literal> in "
"<literal>emacs</literal>)"
msgstr ""
"ciò che ha ha avuto corrispondenza con l'espressione regolare (usare "
"<literal>\\&amp;</literal> in <literal>emacs</literal>)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4722
msgid "<literal>\\n</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>\\n</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4725
msgid ""
"what the n-th <emphasis role=\"strong\">bracketed</emphasis> regular "
"expression matched (\"n\" being number)"
msgstr ""
"ciò che ha avuto corrispondenza con la n-essima espressione regolare "
"<emphasis role=\"strong\">tra parentesi</emphasis> (\"n\" Ãš un numero)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4731
msgid ""
"For Perl replacement string, \"<literal>$n</literal>\" is used instead of "
"\"<literal>\\n</literal>\" and \"<literal>&amp;</literal>\" has no special "
"meaning."
msgstr ""
"Per sostituzioni di stringhe in Perl \"<literal>$n</literal>\" viene usato al "
"posto di \"<literal>\\n</literal>\" e \"<literal>&amp;</literal>\" non ha un "
"significato particolare."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4733
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n"
"sed -e 's/\\(1[a-z]*\\)[0-9]*\\(.*\\)$/=&amp;=/'\n"
"zzz=1abc2efg3hij4=\n"
"$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n"
"sed -e 's/\\(1[a-z]*\\)[0-9]*\\(.*\\)$/\\2===\\1/'\n"
"zzzefg3hij4===1abc\n"
"$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n"
"perl -pe 's/(1[a-z]*)[0-9]*(.*)$/$2===$1/'\n"
"zzzefg3hij4===1abc\n"
"$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n"
"perl -pe 's/(1[a-z]*)[0-9]*(.*)$/=&amp;=/'\n"
"zzz=&amp;="
msgstr ""
"$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n"
"sed -e 's/\\(1[a-z]*\\)[0-9]*\\(.*\\)$/=&amp;=/'\n"
"zzz=1abc2efg3hij4=\n"
"$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n"
"sed -e 's/\\(1[a-z]*\\)[0-9]*\\(.*\\)$/\\2===\\1/'\n"
"zzzefg3hij4===1abc\n"
"$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n"
"perl -pe 's/(1[a-z]*)[0-9]*(.*)$/$2===$1/'\n"
"zzzefg3hij4===1abc\n"
"$ echo zzz1abc2efg3hij4 | \\\n"
"perl -pe 's/(1[a-z]*)[0-9]*(.*)$/=&amp;=/'\n"
"zzz=&amp;="

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4745
msgid ""
"Here please pay extra attention to the style of the <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">bracketed</emphasis> regular expression and how the matched "
"strings are used in the text replacement process on different tools."
msgstr ""
"In questo esempio si faccia particolare attenzione allo stile delle "
"espressioni regolari <emphasis role=\"strong\">tra parentesi</emphasis> e come "
"le stringhe corrispondenti siano usate nel processo di sostituzione del "
"testo dai diversi strumenti."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4746
msgid ""
"These regular expressions can be used for cursor movements and text "
"replacement actions in some editors too."
msgstr ""
"Queste espressioni regolari possono essere usate per spostare il cursore e "
"per fare sostituzioni di testo anche in alcuni editor."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4747
msgid ""
"The back slash \"<literal>\\</literal>\" at the end of line in the shell "
"commandline escapes newline as a white space character and continues shell "
"command line input to the next line."
msgstr ""
"La barra inversa, \"<literal>\\</literal>\" alla fine della prima riga nella "
"riga di comando di shell protegge il carattere di a capo rendendolo uno "
"spazio e continuando l'input della riga di comando di shell nella riga "
"successiva."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4748
msgid "Please read all the related manual pages to learn these commands."
msgstr ""
"Leggere tutte le pagine man relative per imparare l'uso di questi comandi."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4751
msgid "Global substitution with regular expressions"
msgstr "Sostituzione globale con espressioni regolari"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4752
msgid ""
"The <literal>ed</literal>(1) command can replace all instances of "
"\"<literal>FROM_REGEX</literal>\" with \"<literal>TO_TEXT</literal>\" in "
"\"<literal>file</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Il comando <literal>ed</literal>(1) può sostituire tutte le occorrenze di "
"\"<literal>DA_REGEX</literal>\" con \"<literal>A_TESTO</literal>\" in "
"\"<literal>file</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4753
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ ed file &lt;&lt;EOF\n"
",s/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/g\n"
"w\n"
"q\n"
"EOF"
msgstr ""
"$ ed file &lt;&lt;EOF\n"
",s/DA_REGEX/A_TESTO/g\n"
"w\n"
"q\n"
"EOF"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4758
msgid ""
"The <literal>sed</literal>(1) command can replace all instances of "
"\"<literal>FROM_REGEX</literal>\" with \"<literal>TO_TEXT</literal>\" in "
"\"<literal>file</literal>\"."
msgstr ""
"Il comando <literal>sed</literal>(1) può sostituire tutte le occorrenze di "
"\"<literal>DA_REGEX</literal>\" con \"<literal>A_TESTO</literal>\" in "
"\"<literal>file</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4759
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ sed file 's/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/g' | sponge file"
msgstr "$ sed file 's/DA_REGEX/A_TESTO/g' | sponge file"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4761
msgid ""
"The <literal>sponge</literal>(8) command is a non-standard Unix tool offered "
"by the <literal>moreutils</literal> package.  This is quite useful when you "
"wish to overwrite original file."
msgstr ""
"Il comando <literal>sponge</literal>(8) Ãš uno strumento Unix non standard "
"fornito dal pacchetto <literal>moreutils</literal>. È piuttosto utile quando "
"si desidera sovrascrivere il file originale."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4763
msgid ""
"The <literal>vim</literal>(1) command can replace all instances of "
"\"<literal>FROM_REGEX</literal>\" with \"<literal>TO_TEXT</literal>\" in "
"\"<literal>file</literal>\" by using <literal>ex</literal>(1) commands."
msgstr ""
"Il comando <literal>vim</literal>(1) può sostituire tutte le occorrenze di "
"\"<literal>DA_REGEX</literal>\" with \"<literal>A_TESTO</literal>\" in "
"\"<literal>file</literal>\" usando il comando <literal>ex</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4764
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ vim '+%s/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/gc' '+w' '+q' file"
msgstr "$ vim '+%s/DA_REGEX/A_TESTO/gc' '+w' '+q' file"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4766
msgid ""
"The \"<literal>c</literal>\" flag in the above ensures interactive "
"confirmation for each substitution."
msgstr ""
"Il modificatore \"<literal>c</literal>\" nell'esempio soprastante assicura che "
"venga chiesta la conferma interattiva per ciascuna sostituzione."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4768
msgid ""
"Multiple files (\"<literal>file1</literal>\", \"<literal>file2</literal>\", "
"and \"<literal>file3</literal>\") can be processed with regular expressions "
"similarly with <literal>vim</literal>(1) or <literal>perl</literal>(1)."
msgstr ""
"Si possono elaborare file multipli (\"<literal>file1</literal>\", "
"\"<literal>file2</literal>\" e \"<literal>file3</literal>\") in modo simile con "
"<literal>vim</literal>(1) o <literal>perl</literal>(1)."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4769
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ vim '+argdo %s/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/ge|update' '+q' file1 file2 file3"
msgstr "$ vim '+argdo %s/DA_REGEX/A_TESTO/ge|update' '+q' file1 file2 file3"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4771
msgid ""
"The \"<literal>e</literal>\" flag in the above prevents the \"No match\" "
"error from breaking a mapping."
msgstr ""
"Il modificatore \"<literal>e</literal>\" nell'esempio soprastante evita che un "
"errore di nessuna corrispondenza trovata (\"No match\") rompa il processo."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4773
#, no-wrap
msgid "$ perl -i -p -e 's/FROM_REGEX/TO_TEXT/g;' file1 file2 file3"
msgstr "$ perl -i -p -e 's/DA_REGEX/A_TESTO/g;' file1 file2 file3"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4774
msgid ""
"In the perl(1) example, \"<literal>-i</literal>\" is for in-place editing, "
"\"<literal>-p</literal>\" is for implicit loop over files."
msgstr ""
"Nell'esmpio perl(1), \"<literal>-i</literal>\" Ãš per la modifica sullo stesso "
"file e \"<literal>-p</literal>\" Ãš per reiterare implicitamente il comando sui "
"diversi file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4776
msgid ""
"Use of argument \"<literal>-i.bak</literal>\" instead of "
"\"<literal>-i</literal>\" keeps each original file by adding "
"\"<literal>.bak</literal>\" to its filename.  This makes recovery from "
"errors easier for complex substitutions."
msgstr ""
"L'uso dell'opzione \"<literal>-i.bak</literal>\" invece di "
"\"<literal>-i</literal>\" preserva una copia del file originale aggiungendo il "
"suffisso \"<literal>.bak</literal>\" al suo nome file. Questo permette di "
"ripristinare le cose più facilmente in caso di errori in sostituzioni "
"complesse."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><note><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4779
msgid ""
"<literal>ed</literal>(1) and <literal>vim</literal>(1) are <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>; <literal>perl</literal>(1) is <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>."
msgstr ""
"<literal>ed</literal>(1) e <literal>vim</literal>(1) usano <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">BRE</emphasis>; <literal>perl</literal>(1) usa <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">ERE</emphasis>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4783
msgid "Extracting data from text file table"
msgstr "Estrarre dati da file con tabelle di testo"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4784
msgid ""
"Let's consider a text file called \"<literal>DPL</literal>\" in which some "
"pre-2004 Debian project leader's names and their initiation days are listed "
"in a space-separated format."
msgstr ""
"Considerare per esempio un file ti testo chiamato \"<literal>DPL</literal>\" "
"in cui sono elencati, in un formato separato da spazi, alcuni nomi di leader "
"del progetto Debian pre-2004 e la data della loro installazione."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4786
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"Ian     Murdock   August  1993\n"
"Bruce   Perens    April   1996\n"
"Ian     Jackson   January 1998\n"
"Wichert Akkerman  January 1999\n"
"Ben     Collins   April   2001\n"
"Bdale   Garbee    April   2002\n"
"Martin  Michlmayr March   2003"
msgstr ""
"Ian     Murdock   Agosto  1993\n"
"Bruce   Perens    Aprile  1996\n"
"Ian     Jackson   Gennaio 1998\n"
"Wichert Akkerman  Gennaio 1999\n"
"Ben     Collins   Aprile  2001\n"
"Bdale   Garbee    Aprile  2002\n"
"Martin  Michlmayr Marzo   2003"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><tip><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4794
msgid ""
"See <ulink url=\"&abriefhistoryofdebian;\">\"A Brief History of "
"Debian\"</ulink> for the latest <ulink "
"url=\"&debianleadershiphistory;\">Debian leadership history</ulink>."
msgstr ""
"Vedere <ulink url=\"&abriefhistoryofdebian;\">\"Una breve storia di "
"Debian\"</ulink> per la <ulink url=\"&debianleadershiphistory;\">storia della "
"Guida del progetto Debian</ulink> aggiornata."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4796
msgid "Awk is frequently used to extract data from these types of files."
msgstr "Awk viene usato spesso per estrarre dati da questo tipo di file."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4798
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ awk '{ print $3 }' &lt;DPL                   # month started\n"
"August\n"
"April\n"
"January\n"
"January\n"
"April\n"
"April\n"
"March\n"
"$ awk '($1==\"Ian\") { print }' &lt;DPL          # DPL called Ian\n"
"Ian     Murdock   August  1993\n"
"Ian     Jackson   January 1998\n"
"$ awk '($2==\"Perens\") { print $3,$4 }' &lt;DPL # When Perens started\n"
"April 1996"
msgstr ""
"$ awk '{ print $3 }' &lt;DPL                   # mese di inizio\n"
"Agosto\n"
"Aprile\n"
"Gennaio\n"
"Gennaio\n"
"Aprile\n"
"Aprile\n"
"Marzo\n"
"$ awk '($1==\"Ian\") { print }' &lt;DPL          # leader del progetto "
"chiamato Ian\n"
"Ian     Murdock   Agosto  1993\n"
"Ian     Jackson   Gennaio 1998\n"
"$ awk '($2==\"Perens\") { print $3,$4 }' &lt;DPL # quando ha iniziato Perens\n"
"Aprile 1996"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4811
msgid "Shells such as Bash can be also used to parse this kind of file."
msgstr "Questo tipo di file può anche essere analizzato con le shell tipo Bash."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4813
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ while read first last month year; do\n"
"    echo $month\n"
"  done &lt;DPL\n"
"... same output as the first Awk example"
msgstr ""
"$ while read nome cognome mese anno; do\n"
"    echo $mese\n"
"  done &lt;DPL\n"
"... stesso output del primo esempio Awk"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4817
msgid ""
"Here, the <literal>read</literal> builtin command uses characters in "
"\"<literal>$IFS</literal>\" (internal field separators) to split lines into "
"words."
msgstr ""
"In questo caso, il comando incorporato <literal>read</literal> usa i "
"caratteri in \"<literal>$IFS</literal>\" (internal field separator, separatore "
"di campi interno) per suddividere le righe in parole."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4818
msgid ""
"If you change \"<literal>$IFS</literal>\" to \"<literal>:</literal>\", you "
"can parse \"<literal>/etc/passwd</literal>\" with shell nicely."
msgstr ""
"Se si modifica \"<literal>$IFS</literal>\" in \"<literal>:</literal>\", si "
"possono analizzare facilmente con la shell i file "
"\"<literal>/etc/passwd</literal>\"."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4819
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ oldIFS=\"$IFS\"   # save old value\n"
"$ IFS=':'\n"
"$ while read user password uid gid rest_of_line; do\n"
"    if [ \"$user\" = \"bozo\" ]; then\n"
"      echo \"$user's ID is $uid\"\n"
"    fi\n"
"  done &lt; /etc/passwd\n"
"bozo's ID is 1000\n"
"$ IFS=\"$oldIFS\"   # restore old value"
msgstr ""
"$ vecchioIFS=\"$IFS\"   # salva il vecchio valore\n"
"$ IFS=':'\n"
"$ while read utente password uid gid resto_della_riga; do\n"
"    if [ \"$utente\" = \"bozo\" ]; then\n"
"      echo \"l'ID di $utente e' $uid\"\n"
"    fi\n"
"  done &lt; /etc/passwd\n"
"l'ID di bozo e' 1000\n"
"$ IFS=\"$vecchioIFS\"   # ripristina il vecchio valore"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4828
msgid ""
"(If Awk is used to do the equivalent, use \"<literal>FS=':'</literal>\" to "
"set the field separator.)"
msgstr ""
"(Se si usa Awk per fare la stessa cosa, usare \"<literal>FS=':'</literal>\" "
"per impostare il separatore di campi.)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4829
msgid ""
"IFS is also used by the shell to split results of parameter expansion, "
"command substitution, and arithmetic expansion.  These do not occur within "
"double or single quoted words.  The default value of IFS is &lt;space&gt;, "
"&lt;tab&gt;, and &lt;newline&gt; combined."
msgstr ""
"IFS viene anche usato dalla shell per suddividere i risultati "
"dell'espansione di parametri, sostituzione di comandi ed espansioni "
"aritmetiche. Queste non avvengono all'interno delle virgolette singole o "
"doppie. Il valore predefinito di IFS Ãš la combinazione di &lt;spazio&gt;, "
"&lt;tab&gt; e &lt;a capo&gt;"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4830
msgid ""
"Be careful about using this shell IFS tricks.  Strange things may happen, "
"when shell interprets some parts of the script as its <emphasis "
"role=\"strong\">input</emphasis>."
msgstr ""
"Essere prudenti nell'uso di questi trucchetti di shell con IFS. Possono "
"accadere strane cose quando la shell interpreta alcune parti dello script "
"come suo <emphasis role=\"strong\">input</emphasis>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4831
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"$ IFS=\":,\"                        # use \":\" and \",\" as IFS\n"
"$ echo IFS=$IFS,   IFS=\"$IFS\"     # echo is a Bash builtin\n"
"IFS=  , IFS=:,\n"
"$ date -R                         # just a command output\n"
"Sat, 23 Aug 2003 08:30:15 +0200\n"
"$ echo $(date -R)                 # sub shell --&gt; input to main shell\n"
"Sat  23 Aug 2003 08 30 36 +0200\n"
"$ unset IFS                       # reset IFS to the default\n"
"$ echo $(date -R)\n"
"Sat, 23 Aug 2003 08:30:50 +0200"
msgstr ""
"$ IFS=\":,\"                        # usa \":\" e \",\" come IFS\n"
"$ echo IFS=$IFS,   IFS=\"$IFS\"     # echo e'  un comando interno di Bash\n"
"IFS=  , IFS=:,\n"
"$ date -R                         # un output di comando qualunque\n"
"Sat, 23 Aug 2003 08:30:15 +0200\n"
"$ echo $(date -R)                 # sotto-shell --&gt; input alla shell "
"principale\n"
"Sat  23 Aug 2003 08 30 36 +0200\n"
"$ unset IFS                       # reimposta il valore predefinito di IFS\n"
"$ echo $(date -R)\n"
"Sat, 23 Aug 2003 08:30:50 +0200"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4843
msgid "Script snippets for piping commands"
msgstr "Frammenti di script per comandi con pipe"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4844
msgid "The following scripts do nice things as a part of a pipe."
msgstr "Gli script seguenti fanno alcune cose carine se inseriti in una pipe."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><title>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4846
msgid "List of script snippets for piping commands"
msgstr "Elenco di frammenti di script per comandi con pipe"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4853
msgid "script snippet (type in one line)"
msgstr "frammento di script (digitarlo in un'unica riga)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><thead><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4856
msgid "effect of command"
msgstr "effetto del comando"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4863
msgid "<literal>find /usr -print</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>find /usr -print</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4866
msgid "find all files under \"<literal>/usr</literal>\""
msgstr "trova tutti i file in \"<literal>/usr</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4871
msgid "<literal>seq 1 100</literal>"
msgstr "<literal>seq 1 100</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4874
msgid "print 1 to 100"
msgstr "stampa da 1 a 100"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4879
msgid "<literal> | xargs -n 1 &lt;command&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | xargs -n 1 &lt;comando&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4882
msgid "run command repeatedly with each item from pipe as its argument"
msgstr ""
"esegue ripetutamente il comando con ogni elemento dalla pipe come argomento"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4887
msgid "<literal> | xargs -n 1 echo</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | xargs -n 1 echo</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4890
msgid "split white-space-separated items from pipe into lines"
msgstr "suddivide elementi separati da spazio nella pipe su righe distinte"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4895
msgid "<literal> | xargs echo</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | xargs echo</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4898
msgid "merge all lines from pipe into a line"
msgstr "unisce tutte le righe dalla pipe in una riga"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4903
msgid "<literal> | grep -e &lt;regex_pattern&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | grep -e &lt;modello_regex&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4906
msgid "extract lines from pipe containing &lt;regex_pattern&gt;"
msgstr "estrae dalla pipe le righe che contengono ‪&lt;modello_regex&gt;"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4911
msgid "<literal> | grep -v -e &lt;regex_pattern&gt;</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | grep -v -e &lt;modello_regex&gt;</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4914
msgid "extract lines from pipe not containing &lt;regex_pattern&gt;"
msgstr "estrae dalla pipe le righe che non contengono &lt;modello_regex&gt;"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4919
msgid "<literal> | cut -d: -f3 -</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | cut -d: -f3 -</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4922
msgid ""
"extract third field from pipe separated by \"<literal>:</literal>\" (passwd "
"file etc.)"
msgstr ""
"estrae dalla il terzo campo, separato da \"<literal>:</literal>\" (file "
"passwd, ecc.)"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4927
msgid "<literal> | awk '{ print $3 }'</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | awk '{ print $3 }'</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4930
msgid "extract third field from pipe separated by whitespaces"
msgstr "estrae dalla pipe il terzo campo separato da spazi"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4935
msgid "<literal> | awk -F'\\t' '{ print $3 }'</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | awk -F'\\t' '{ print $3 }'</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4938
msgid "extract third field from pipe separated by tab"
msgstr "estrae dalla pipe il terzo campo separato da tabulazioni"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4943
msgid "<literal> | col -bx</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | col -bx</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4946
msgid "remove backspace and expand tabs to spaces"
msgstr ""
"rimuove i caratteri backspace ed espande le tabulazioni in sequenze di spazi"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4951
msgid "<literal> | expand -</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | expand -</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4954
msgid "expand tabs"
msgstr "espande le tabulazioni"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4959
msgid "<literal> | sort| uniq</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | sort| uniq</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4962
msgid "sort and remove duplicates"
msgstr "ordina e rimuove i duplicati"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4967
msgid "<literal> | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z'</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z'</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4970
msgid "convert uppercase to lowercase"
msgstr "converte le maiuscole in minuscole"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4975
msgid "<literal> | tr -d '\\n'</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | tr -d '\\n'</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4978
msgid "concatenate lines into one line"
msgstr "concatena le righe in un'unica riga"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4983
msgid "<literal> | tr -d '\\r'</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | tr -d '\\r'</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4986
msgid "remove CR"
msgstr "rimuove i caratteri di a capo"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4991
msgid "<literal> | sed 's/^/# /'</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | sed 's/^/# /'</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4994
msgid "add \"<literal>#</literal>\" to the start of each line"
msgstr "aggiunge \"<literal>#</literal>\" all'inizio di ogni riga"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:4999
msgid "<literal> | sed 's/\\.ext//g'</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | sed 's/\\.ext//g'</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5002
msgid "remove \"<literal>.ext</literal>\""
msgstr "rimuove \"<literal>.ext</literal>\""

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5007
msgid "<literal> | sed -n -e 2p</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | sed -n -e 2p</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5010
msgid "print the second line"
msgstr "stampa la seconda riga"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5015
msgid "<literal> | head -n 2 -</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | head -n 2 -</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5018
msgid "print the first 2 lines"
msgstr "stampa le prime due righe"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5023
msgid "<literal> | tail -n 2 -</literal>"
msgstr "<literal> | tail -n 2 -</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><table><tgroup><tbody><row><entry>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5026
msgid "print the last 2 lines"
msgstr "stampa le ultime due righe"

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5032
msgid ""
"One-line shell script can loop over many files using "
"<literal>find</literal>(1) and <literal>xargs</literal>(1) to perform quite "
"complicated tasks.  See <xref "
"linkend=\"_idioms_for_the_selection_of_files\"/> and <xref "
"linkend=\"_repeating_a_command_looping_over_files\"/>."
msgstr ""
"Script di shell di una riga possono operare reiteratamente su più file "
"usando <literal>find</literal>(1) e <literal>xargs</literal>(1) per fare "
"compiti piuttosto complicati. Vedere <xref "
"linkend=\"_idioms_for_the_selection_of_files\"/> e <xref "
"linkend=\"_repeating_a_command_looping_over_files\"/>."

#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><simpara>
#: debian-reference.en.xmlt:5033
msgid ""
"When using the shell interactive mode becomes too complicated, please "
"consider to write a shell script (see <xref "
"linkend=\"_the_shell_script\"/>)."
msgstr ""
"Quando usare la shell in modalità interattiva diventa troppo complicato, "
"considerare la scrittura di uno script di shell (vedere <xref "
"linkend=\"_the_shell_script\"/>)."